464 



DELAWARE 



The center of the peach belt in 1890 was along the 

 southern border of Kent county, where the trees were 

 comparatively healthy, but in 1890 the yellows had ex- 

 tended into northern Sussex, where it has remained sta- 

 tionary for several years. In 1896 the Delaware division 

 of the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore railroad 

 carried over two million baskets of Delaware peaches, 

 which was over 90 per cent of the total crop, and esti- 

 mated that there were between four and five million 

 bearing trfps in the st;itp. 



TlK-lH.;,,), •:,ll,.v . 1,,, I„< i,,v-i.c„,^iI,1f.,,,r;iM::r;!.,f->r 

 the sliiT; i' ■ . •■ 1' . 1 . . 1 ..-■..,,■•.,■. ^■, 



ers reraovu trees at the first iudir.ii i. i .-i n i. .; h.n, but 

 the efforts of a few individuals 1 1,1 t. i i-, ^i.tive 

 in checking the progress of the' ill ■ ii itimate 



remedy for the yellows in Delaw-m lii - in a more 

 diversified horticulture. 



The principal varieties of peaches are : Hale Early, 

 Foster, Crawford Early, Oldraixon, Moore Favorite, 

 Mountain Rose, Reeves Favorite, Elberta, Brandywine, 

 Crawford Late, Stump, and Smock. 



Next to the peach in commercial importance are the 

 small fruit interests, which are most extensively de- 

 veloped in the southern half of Kent and the western 

 half of Sussex. There are between 7,000 and 8,000 acres 

 of strawbcri-ii-s, riisj.tic rrics. and blackberries in these 

 counties, and in IMu; ilir lidaware Division of the P. W. 

 & B. K. Iv. carried ;»,.'.oii,iiii() .piarts, or over 90 per cent 

 of the total ].r(.ilui-t cf tin' stati'. In 1898, this road car- 

 ried over 24, 000, 000 quarts of berries, and a still larger 

 quantity in 1899. 



Since 1896, the Lucretia dewberry has been set out in 

 large qTiantitirs in both Kent and Sussex counties, while 

 the blarl,!., I I > :..■:. iL'. has fallen ofi: in consequence. 



Anion I I \arieties of strawberries are Bu- 



bach, Ti I I I In-, (iandy, Greenville, Michel and 



Havcrlainl. I,,- . il,r-an, Palmer and Mills cnm- 



Cuthbert, Lou.N 

 and Early Har\ ■ 

 In Kent conn 

 horticultural tv, 

 riety. Its adajii 

 precocious boar o 

 production givo 

 the state. In tlo 

 trees were sold 



the I 



The 



1(1 the cheapness of its 

 orcial value throughout 



.re than 40,000 Kieffer 

 southern Kent countv. 



tent in the near future. In 



i.noo Kieffer trees under 3 years 



' or 3 years old in the state. 



■ out of the Kieffer, the Bartlett, 



id Anjou were the leading kinds, 



in the two u|j|ier countios. 



f the Japain -< |.[ \r.>- o|M-ned 



..I Hur- 



the way to plum culture. Scattorn 



bank and Abundance have been sm - nd New 



Castle counties, but an extensive do, , l,,|niM ni i- under 

 way in Kent. In tlio \ ioiniiy of flayton and Smyrna 

 there were O.Odd ik os in lioaring in 1897, since when 

 10,000 trees liavo Im on sot. '11 n-re were 32,000 trees in 

 the state in IsH'.i. 'I'lio ,I:i|i,ino«o phims, as a class, are 

 woll ad:i|dod to iln Oil,- ['In ;,■ aro dostined to prove 



an iiMT, ,, . II,,, I ■■ I ■ , I I I ,, I ,,■■ 'n i !,o horticulture in 



I tio In',, ■ 1, I , , I ,,,',■ I ,,,11 in neighbor- 



li I , : I II ;,, ' ■ ;, "d to show more 



|ii'i'iniin III 1'. . I ;iiri,;inl, , ,\ KniMliin.-. niiil ( )oon havc been 

 tlie leadin.' varii'tios, and Hod .Tune, Cbabot and Hale 



are growing in popularity. 



The native plums of the Hortulana and Chickasaw 

 groups, which ripen before the northern Domestica var 

 riofi' s. aro rai»idlyattainingdeserved prominence. They 

 mo lianly. oasily grown, and generally command re- 

 iniiiiiiiiin. |. rices. Milton, Whitaker, Ne-wman, Smiley 

 ami Wild loiosc comprise the bearing orchards, but 

 otiioi' \arioiios are trrowing in favor. The later ripen- 

 ing nati\ OS aro Hortliloss for Delaware, as the markets 

 are then suiipliod with Domestica plums. 



In the vioiuity ul' .Smyrna and Clayton there are from 



DELPHINIUM 



150 to 200 acres of grapes, where the history of viticul- 

 ture began about 1855. Grape culture has been a 

 profitable industry in this neighborhood, the net income 

 frequently exceeding $100 per acre. Recently, however, 

 the profits have been somewhat less on account of the 

 lower prices and tlie grape diseases. Many of the vine- 



yanl III 1 1' Is of intelligent tilling, pruning, sprav- 



in I ;. The principal varieties are Niagara, 



-^i I ' 'iioord, Brighton, Agawam and Wyom- 



is, but also 

 -. In 1895 

 s ; peaches 



and other fruits, not separately classified. Since 1895, 

 the amount of the various canned goods has not tiiictu- 

 ated widi'ly, oxcopt with canned peas, which in 1898 bad 



'oiii In '1 In, I -; and with tomatoes, which have 



\ I' pioeminently a horticultural 



IPK-O 



fruit garden. There are several imli " ■' ■• , nhl 

 be profitably introduced or extended i " ui s. 



Apple culture ; plum culture, of the .Jap ;,, , ly 



native types: sour cherry culture, ospo,jiai;\ i ,r i an- 

 ning; nnt . lilini, . ,ni . Inai. land; vegelalih.'' growing, 



and glass 1 -- all offer opportunities for a 



greater li "II isity. The various fruit inter- 



ests arc o,;,,ii,;ipi ,M,n, ling over wider areas, and it 

 may be expi-ctod tliat Dohiware will not only maintain 

 its present horticultural prestige, but will be an in- 

 creasingly potent factor in American horticulture in the 

 *"*^"'<'- G. Haeold Powell. 



DELPHINIUM ICnok. a dolphin, from the resera- 

 blani'o ol Iln ilioMi), l{,niuucnlAvKi\ Larkspvr. A 

 gi'inis id' lioaiitilnl Iniidy plants, with large, irregular 

 thiwoi's. Ai'i.iii nil ~]iocios, native of the north temperate 



palmately loin. I or divJdi'l: I1-, in .< .li,,v',\ m or 



panicle; sop, I ,", !■, i ' i < ■ :,, ^ , r :■'■■■• ,,i , i r, ',,i ,,-,,d 

 into a S]iiir; p, | ■ i i, o', ■ i , • , p, ,,,,•, m-s 

 spurred, tin' m • i ,0 ',,,• - -i ,1 1 , ■ i ■ !' ,, mir- 



doni.ii I,.,, II I X oi-y common in a number of the spo- 

 on , II i, i iL's.085, 086). 



1' . ihrive in any good garden soil, but are 



ini] III. ' d 1., :i do.'p, rich, sandy loam, exposed to the sun. 

 Deep propiiration of the soil is very important. The 

 annuals are propagated from seed, which are very slow 

 in germinating, and often should be sown in the fall to pro- 

 duce flowers early the next season. The perennials may be 

 prop.: (1) By root division in the fall or spring. (2) By 

 cuttings, about which J. B. Keller says : " Take a few cut- 

 tings from each plant in early spring, when growth is 

 about 3 or 4 inches long, or else use the second gro-wth, 

 which has come after the flower-stems have been re- 

 moved. Cuttings root readily in a shaded frame, no 

 bottom heat being required, but an occasional sprinkling 

 during dry and hot weather is necessary. When rooted 



