No. 4.] SANITARY MILK. 79 



country, they have 16 different types of milking machines, 

 and it has revolutionized the milk business in New Zealand, 

 where labor is hard to obtain. 



Mr. Gkeenhood. Did I understand the speaker to say it 

 was not necessary to kill all the cattle that reacted, and if 

 so, I would like to ask what course he would pursue ? 



Dr. North. I did say so, yes. I was speaking entirely 

 from the standpoint of a physician when I said it. I believe 

 the majority of dairy cows who react from tuberculosis are 

 not seriously diseased, and would recover if given an oppor- 

 tunity. I don't exactly know how to give them an oj^portu- 

 nity. The laws are so iirm that it is not a very easy thing 

 for a man to keep diseased cows at home on his farm, and 

 the State hasn't provided any place for them; but owing to 

 the tremendous financial loss to the State as well as to the 

 dairy farmer in having these animals killed, I think that 

 such a place will be provided. 



Mr. Potter. I would like to add right here a little expe- 

 rience we have had in Rutland in regard to this matter. The 

 authorities at the State sanatorium in Rutland never had 

 their cows tuberculin tested until two or three years ago, and 

 out of a herd of 45, 32 reacted. They took about 4 or 5 of 

 the poorest ones and had them killed. The rest of them they 

 put up in a separate barn, pasteurized the milk, and fed it 

 to the hogs for one year, then had them retested. They all 

 passed. Those cows went right back into the herd and are 

 there now. 



Mr. PiERPONT. Why do you insist on tuberculin-tested 

 cows, and do you accept the milk at the same price if the 

 cattle are not tuberculin tested ? 



Dr. North. We don't accept any milk now except from 

 tuberculin-te&ted cows. We require the tuberculin test be- 

 cause many authorities demand it. Owing to the fear of 

 transmission of the disease to the consumer through the 

 milk, the New York authorities demand the test. I believe 

 that this danger is present only when the disease is in the 

 udder. But because of the fact that in a tuberculous animal 

 it may at any time reach the udder, the test is required if 

 the milk is to be consumed in a raw state. 



