142 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



busheled carrots find a ready sale. The planting for the winter crop 

 should not be delayed later than July 1 on the best of land, and June 

 1 is a safer date to insure a heavy yield. Winter carrots are har- 

 vested from October 1 to 15, and pitted or stored in a cellar, as are 

 beets. The sale for carrots is usually large during the winter months, 

 and they are one of the best of the winter revenue getters. The lead- 

 ing varieties of carrots are, for the first early bunching, Guerande or 

 Ox-heart, a short, thick, early carrot; for second early, Chantenay, 

 averaging about 5 inches long and of good size and shape for bunch- 

 ing; and Danvers Half Long, the standard main crop carrot. The 

 price of bunched carrots will average about the same as for beets. 



The production of good turnips for early marketing is a harder 

 task than the production of the two previously considered crops. 

 The cause is the pest already named, the root maggot, which seems 

 to be practically uncontrollable. Freshly manured land is especially 

 likely to produce maggoty tumips. For this reason most turnip 

 growers do not apply manure directly previous to the growth of this 

 crop, but depend upon the supply of accumulated plant food in the 

 soil and commercial fertilizer. A fertilizer carrying about 3 per 

 cent nitrogen, 10 per cent phosphoric acid and 10 per cent potash 

 serves well for this crop. The application should be at least 1,000 

 pounds per acre. Tillage for this crop is the same as for beets and 

 carrots. It is common to allow turnips somewhat more room than 

 beets and carrots, 18 to 24 inches between rows being more suitable. 

 With 24 inches between rows horse cultivation is feasible. For the 

 early crop the flat turnip is often planted, although the round or egg 

 turnip is the more popular. The standard turnips for bunching for 

 the New England market are the White Egg and the White Rock. 

 There is a marked difference in the strains of turnip seed foimd on 

 the market. It is Avell to experiment in a small way with seed 

 of a number of strains when selecting a turnip, for the difference 

 in quality is often so distinct that one strain is worth much more 

 than another. The turnip crop for storage and winter sale is sown 

 from July 15 to August 10, and the round white turaip is the most 

 popular, although the yellow turnip or rutabaga is popular in some 

 of our markets. It is well to have a supply of each. The rutabaga 

 should be sown not later than June 15 to make a crop. The storage 

 for turnips is the same as for beets and carrots. 



Boot Storage. 

 The storage of the root crops for winter is an easy matter, the 

 requisites of a suitable storage being a uniformly low temperature, 

 ranging from 32° to 40° F., but not below freezing; ventilation 

 enough to prevent heating of the stored vegetables; and freedom 

 from standing water, that is, good drainage. Root crops may be 

 stored in any cellar where these conditions exist, in a regular vege- 



