16 



and thrown direct into the cart, which signifies 20 per 

 cent, gain in labour. I. Cartage : difference between 1,600 

 bags at 15 cents here and 7 cents there because the farm- 

 er is near the elevators there and gathers his maize and 

 transports it in his own carts. 



'2 and 3. Sacks: the 1600 sacks are eliminated alto- 

 gether, elevators load the waggons in bulk. Shelling: 

 20 cents here, only costs 5 cents there by the elevators. 

 Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Wastage, etc.: all disappear there. 

 9 . Here Commission is paid ; there it does not exist. 



What then is the difference between gathering maize, 

 as represented by one system against the other ? . . . $14 . 50 

 per ton. Taking a minimum harvest of 4 million -tons, 

 a positive loss to ourselves of $50,000,000. 



Oats and Wheat. 



In respect to oats and wheat, by the American sys- 

 tem the colonist takes his crops to the elevator, and saves 

 bagging, with an economy of 40 cents per quintal; for 

 the classifying and grading he pays 20 cents to the ele- 

 vator. 



The saving in these items alone represents, calculat- 

 ing on 4 millions tons, over 24 million pesos. 



Linseed. 



In regard to linseed the handling of which in bulk 

 is not yet resolved satisfactorily; the difference in me- 

 thods in use here and there would not be more than a 

 million pesos, since the use of the sack has not been sup- 

 pressed there yet. 



An Economy of 75 millions through better methods. 



We have between wheat, maize, linseed and oats an 

 economy of nearly 75,000,000 pesos made possible through 

 the better methods which elevators create. 



Transport Losses occasioned by the use of sacks. 



There must be added the losses through breaking of 

 bags, sweepings which remain in the waggons on being 

 discharged. An expert has estimated these losses at two 

 kilos per bag, which signifies on the lt>5 millions bags 

 which are in use, approximately 330 thousand tons, at 

 say $100 per ton, a loss of 33 million pesos : even accept- 

 ing that the suppression of total loss from this source is 

 impossible, yet only reducing it by half, it represents 

 over $17,000,000. 



To start with, then, we have the following economies 

 obtainable through better methods which the elevators 

 facilitate, and which are common elsewhere: By better 

 harvesting methods 7.5 millions m|n. ; by better transport 

 methods 17 millions, or a total of over $90,000,000. 



