171 



the grain circles all over the world that no new compe- 

 titor can get a foot ing with any advantage in the profits 

 of the trade, unless he is disposed to face a war to the 

 knife with the present monopolisers, and to invert enorm- 

 ous sums, with doubtful results in the long run. 



In the United States the grower disposes of the 

 means of defending his crop ; if the quality is poor and 

 irregular, the elevator makes it uniform; if the market is 

 flooded and the prices ruling low, the warrant permits 

 him to raise money for his immediate needs, and to await 

 tranquilly, the normalising of the demand. 



His lot of grain is incorporated in the general stock 

 under its due classification, and is a perfectly negotiable 

 merchandise. The buyer in Liverpool or Hamburg, with- 

 out moving from his desk, can buy 10,000 tons of wheat, 

 maize, linseed or oats, of such and such a quality, per- 

 fectly sure that just this quantity and of the exact qual- 

 ity will be delivered him, simply by giving the order to 

 his agent in Buenos Aires to buy the respective warrants 

 on the Grain Market. 



EXPORT TRADE CONDITIONS IN THE 

 ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 



To-day if such a buyer pretends to make such an ac- 

 quisition, he has to deal with one big selling agency the 

 Exporting Trust or Monopoly, since there exists no 

 other sure means . The producer cannot enter into direct 

 contact with the foreign buyer, because he has no way 

 of guaranteeing the delivery of a certain Duality, not 

 even of being able to offer a parcel of grain homogene- 

 ous in quality throughout. 



In this wise the monopoly or trust manipulates the 

 foreign trade, dominates the means of tra:.s{)ort, and 

 charges the eost to the home producers. 



The conditions under which our export in grain 

 is carried on with foreign countries are to be found detail- 

 ed in the contract forms for the sal-; 1 and purchase of 

 grain and oleaginous seeds: % 'Boleta de eompraventa de 

 cereales y oleaginosoa. " 



The formula established by the Grain ->oard of the 

 Buenos Aires Exchange is as follows: 



Wheat: To be sold, sound, dry, and clean, exporta- 

 tion type, on a basis of 80 kilos specific weight per hec- 

 tolitre. (64 Ibs to the bushel). 



The seller has the right to daliver up to 75 kilos in 

 weight, with the following deductions : for the first two 

 kilos deficiency, 10 cents per kilo ; for the second, third 



