86 BRITISH RURAL LIFE AND LABOUR. 



in the following paragraph from the Board of Trade 

 report, which, when dealing with the subject, says : 



" The food and accommodation supplied vary somewhat 

 in quality, according to the pecuniary position of the 

 employer, and, so far as concerns some of the larger farms, 

 the sum may perhaps be considered scarcely high enough. 

 But the difficulties of attempting to draw a distinction 

 between the value of the food and accommodation in one 

 district compared with another would be very great. It 

 has, therefore, been thought best to take a figure which 

 could be fairly used throughout Wales, and, after con- 

 sultation with a number of leading agriculturists in both 

 North and South Wales, the sum of 6s. 6d. a week has been 

 adopted." 



As to the remuneration of men in charge of horses 

 and cattle, and of shepherds, it is on the whole higher 

 than that of the ordinary farm labourers in Wales. Mr. 

 Wilson Fox says that this is particularly the case with 

 married men, and he adds : 



" The shepherd, if he is in charge of a large flock, is 

 frequently the highest-paid man, though on estates where 

 a valuable herd of cattle is kept the cattleman gets as high 

 a wage, or perhaps rather a higher one. Men in charge of 

 animals, especially the married men, usually get more 

 allowances in kind than the ordinary labourers. The giving 

 of lamb-money to shepherds in Wales is not nearly such 

 a common practice as in England ; neither do carters or 

 waggoners often get journey-money, which is customary in 

 so many districts in England, particularly on the large farms 

 within travelling distance of the large market towns. Men 

 of these classes frequently take part in harvest, though in 

 some cases the shepherd does not." 



On the whole, however, harvest payments in Wales 

 are much less than they are in the arable districts of 

 England. The system of employing horsemen, cattle- 

 men, and shepherds on their distinctive duties, being 

 not nearly so common in Wales owing to the large 

 number of small farms as in England, we shall content 

 ourselves with giving some individual instances of the 

 annual amounts received in cash and kind it being 

 difficult under the circumstances to get at a repre- 

 sentative average. We include in the sums we give 



