104 BRITISH RURAL LIFE AND LABOUR. 



farm servants in Scotland, great care has been taken to 

 arrive at the actual value of the allowances in kind, 

 and much information on this subject has been obtained 

 from employers in every county. In the case of certain 

 allowances, however, a uniform value has been taken for 

 the whole of Scotland, following the course adopted in 

 the reports in England, Wales, and Ireland. In the case 

 of cottages, an annual rental of 4. has been taken, this 

 being the value most generally put upon them by employers, 

 whose estimates, as a rule, range between ^3 and ^5. 

 Again, the value of board and lodging in the farmhouses 

 has been taken at 8s. a week. No doubt there are 

 differences in the class of food given in different districts, 

 and, indeed, in different farmhouses in the same districts ; 

 but, after many inquiries in all parts of the country, it has 

 been ascertained that the figure named is thought to be 

 a fair one." 



The foregoing table is concerned with yearly earnings, 

 and distinguishes the cash payment for services from 

 the estimated total earnings, including everything " in 

 kind." 



It is pointed out in the Board of Trade report that 

 there is not a great deal of difference in the total yearly 

 earnings of the three classes of farm servants mentioned 

 In the preceding table. In the succeeding one, the 

 cash wages and earnings are reduced to weekly amounts, 

 and the average weekly cash wages, and also total 

 earnings, are given against counties for the same three 

 classes. 



Some interesting and important notes upon the tables 

 occur in the Board of Trade report, which says : 



" Taking horsemen as the most representative class, 

 it is found that, in the majority of counties, the average 

 weekly earnings were between i8s. and 2 is. In six 

 counties the average weekly earnings were between 153. 

 and 1 8s. a week, while in three counties, namely, Caithness, 

 Orkney, and Shetland, they were 133. ?d. At the other 

 end of the scale, four counties show earnings over 2 is. a 

 week, namely, Renfrew, Lanark, Stirling, and Dumbarton. 

 The lowest rates are to be found in those northern and 

 western counties in the grazing section, in which there are 

 no large towns, mines, and industries, and which contains 

 districts remote from railway communication. The 

 western or grazing division comprises the counties of 



