XVI II NINGH RHI TO PAMZAL 325 



made to do a long march, so as to get into Pamzal 

 (Tsolu) by evening. This all were prepared to try, so 

 anxious was every soul in camp to get out of Chang- 

 chenmo. 



Next morning (the 2nd of September), I found when 

 I went out of the tent about sunrise, that the maximum 

 and minimum thermometer I had hung up on one of 

 the ropes was then standing at 22°, and had fallen to 

 20° during the night. In the tent the temperature 

 must have gone down to 25° or 26°. Yet the water 

 there was not frozen. I am unable to account for this 

 curious result, which I noticed on several occasions. 

 Many a time the thermometer registered several degrees 

 of frost inside, and yet water standing in the tent in a 

 metal tumbler was not turned to ice. 



We reached Kyam about 1 1 a.m. without encountering 

 much wind, and that only when we got near our former 

 halting-place. Here we stopped for breakfast, and let 

 the yaks go past us. About two we went on and over- 

 took the baggage as it was about to cross the Chang- 

 chenmo river for the second time. Owing to precipitous 

 rocks on the left bank, not far above Pamzal, this double 

 crossing between Pamzal and Kyam is necessitated. 



Here we met the coolie who had been sent in on the 

 19th for our letters, returning with them and the supply 

 of sattoo, which had been ordered from Pobrang when 

 Mahamdu passed through on the 28th. The last was 

 brought on a donkey, which also carried some parcels 

 and a large supply of newspapers, forming part of our 

 mail. The man returned with us to Pamzal, which we 

 reached about 6 p.m., the yaks getting in about half an 



