lU 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



I May, 



t ion, as miirli as possible the eliaracter of tlie present open fire- 

 ])la(;es used for consuming coal, tliey are to be made with a front 

 jiratinjj or bars, afjainst which is to be placed lum]»s of pumice- 

 stone or other substances which will allow of beinf^ heated by the 

 flame of pas and yet not consume. The front bars should be made 

 nearer to the back of the stove than when for bvirninj; coal, and so 

 that there shall be but small space between the back of the stove 

 and the front bars ; or such substances may be placed in a wire or 

 other frame suspended near to or amidst the flames of gas where 

 the form of the stove or flre-place is not otherwise adapted to re- 

 ceive such substances ; and in some cases the front bars of the 

 stove or grate are made hollow, so as to allow gas to pass from a 

 supply-pi])e into them, and thence to pass out through perforations 

 so as to produce numerous small flames which may be partly in- 

 ward towards the pumice-stone, so as to heat the same, and other 

 flames may be outwards through between the front bars of the 

 sto\-e or grate, and the front bars in place of being simply across 

 the fire-place may be made into any fanciful form, such as basket 

 work or otherwise, to hold the pumice-stone, or other substances. 

 Or in place of having the front bars or open grating hollow and 

 perforated to produce numerous jets of gas, the jets of gas may be 

 wholly or partially from the bottom or the back or sides of the 

 open tire-jilace or stove. And it should be understood that it is 

 essential to this invention that the apparatus should be open 

 to view, and also be open to a chimney or flue, so that the 

 gas in burning may give heat to the room or apartment without 

 the decomposed air and produc^ts of combustion caused thereby 

 coming into the room or apartment, and at the backs and sides of 

 sucli stoves or fire-places, bright steel, glass, china, or other re- 

 flectors, may, with advantage, be placed. It is not essential to this 

 invention that the open gas fire-place should have a receptable for 

 the pumice-stone or incombustible substances, as the same may be 

 dispensed with, but it is preferred to have an arrangement for re- 

 ceiving such substances, as thereby the cheerful character of the 

 idd English fireside is retained. And the inventor believes that 

 the most elegant result may be obtained by using jets of gas from 

 front bars or grates combined with jets of gas from bars or appa- 

 ratus at bottom, so arranged that air may (as is now the case when 

 burning coal) pass up between the bottom, the lower bars in such 

 case supporting the pumice-stone or other substance, for by such 

 means, by a comparative small consumption of gas, the appearance 

 of a large flaming fire may be produced. 



JENNINGS'S PATENT INDIA-RUBBER TUBE COCKS. 



This improved cock is made by placing a flexible india-rubber 

 tube of any required size within one of metal, as shown in fig. 1 ; 



C \ 



jTi M\ F I'll 



"^Hr^ 



Fig. 1. 



and then by mechanical means to flatten the flexible tube, as shown 

 in fig. 2. 



The advantages which the patentee states this cock possesses 

 over any at present in use are — 1st. The ease with which it can be 

 at all times opened or shut, and the means used for that purpose 

 being so simple, it cannot be set fast by corrosion or become in- 

 jured by frei|uent use. 'ind. When open it is part of the main or 

 pipe, as shown in fig. 1, and presents the same uninterrupted pas- 



sage as the pipe itself, and as the means used for closing or stop- 

 ping the circulation have no communication with the gas or water 

 passage, leakage is impossible. 3rd. It will be seen by fig. 2, if the 

 vulcanised india-rubber tube be properly flattened the cock must be 

 sound. 4th. These cocks are capable of standing any pressure, as 



Fig. 2. 



the elastic material of which the cock is composed never can be- 

 come injured by pressure, as long as the metallic casing which sur- 

 rounds the fie.xible tube remains perfect. 



SEPARATING IRON FROM ORE. 



Arthur Wall, of India-row, East India-road, Middlesex, for 



"■ a new or improved apjmratiix far a method of separating oxides from 

 their compounds and each other." — Granted October li, 1847 ; En- 

 rolled April 14, 1848. 



The apparatus is for separating ircm from the ores of copper, &c., 

 and consists of two hexagonal drums with an endless chain pass- 

 ing over them, made by connecting with links a number of horse- 

 shoe magnets ; on the extremities of each of the magnets a number 

 of steel blades are so fixed as to stand out at right angles to the 

 magnets. These drums are made to revolve over a trough in such 

 a position that while the chain of magnets passes immediately 

 above the trough the steel blades reach nearly to the bottom ; the 

 bottom of the trough being inclined at each end, so as to corre- 

 spond with the direction of the blades. The ore (previously 

 roasted and ground) being introduced at one end of this trough 

 the blades, as they pass through it, will take up all the iron con- 

 tained in it and carry it to the other end ; and, indeed, would 

 bring it all back again in the next revolution but for the following 

 arrangement. Opposite the point where the blades emerge from 

 the trough, a set of magnets are fixed to a frame with their poles 

 in the reverse order to those forming the chain, so that when the 

 steel blades come oi>posite these fixed magnets, their magnetism 

 is neutralised, and the iron which they had collected in the trough 

 falls off, and is collected in another trough placed beneath to re- 

 ceive it. The patentee does not confine himself to the permanent 

 magnets, but he claims also the use of electro-magnets, though he 

 prefers to use the former as being more convenient. 



Plate-Glass. — Patented October 7, 1847, by James Hartley, 

 of Sunderland. The improvements relate to the manufacture of 

 rough plate-glass inmiediately prior to the pouring of the melted 

 glass or metal upon the table, and rolling. — Instead of lading the 

 melted metal into a separate cistern as usual, the patentee lades it 

 direct from the melting-pot to the pouring-table, where it is im- 

 mediately poured aiul rolled. The patentee employs, for the pur- 

 pose of lading the melted metal, should the (piantity required be 

 large, two or more ladles ; and he states, it is not absolutely neces- 

 sary that the whole should be poured at the same moment upon 

 the table ; but the second ladle may commence to be poured at 

 nearly the termination of the pouring of the first ladle. After the 

 manufacture of the rough plates, they are to be piled and annealed 

 in the same kind of furnace and in the same manner as crown or 

 sheet glass, thus dispensing with the more expensive annealing 

 furnaces employed for plate-glass. 



