1W8."I 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



341 



CONTRIBUTIONS TO RAILWAY STATISTICS, 



In 1816, 184.7, anh 1848.— By Hype Clarke, Esq. 

 No. I.— PASSENGERS AND FARES. 

 Havin": published an analysis of the Railway Returns for 1845, 

 I have taken the earliest opportunity after the appearance of those 

 for 1846 and 1847, of giving a similar analysis of them, under the 

 same title of " Contributions to Railway Statistics," which 1 hope 

 may prove equally acceptable to practical men as the former series. 

 The followins; are the totals of each class of passengers in the 

 years ending 3Uth June :— 



1844. 1845. 1846. 1847. 



Istclas5, 4,875,332J .1,474,163 6,160,354J 6,572,714 



2r,d class, 12,235,686 14,325,825 16,131,065} 18,699,2884 



3rd class, 8,583,085i 13,135,820 18,506,5-.'7i 22,850,803J 



Mixed 2,069,498^ 855,445J 2,193,126 3,229,357 



Altogether, 27,763,602i 33,791,253* 43,790,983J 51,352,163 



The amount received for each class, in each year, was as fol- 

 lows : — 



1844. 1845. 1846. 1847. 



1st class, £1,432 688 £1,516,805 £1,661,898 £1,675,759 



2nd class, 1,375.679 1,598,115 1.937,946 2,048,080 



3rd class, 483,06e 651.903 1,032.206 1,286.710 



Mixed, 147,858 209,518 93,164 146,733 



Altogether, £3,439,294 £3,976,341 £4.725,215 £5,148,002 

 The yearly increase in numbers on each class of passengers is as 

 follows : — 



1845. 1846. 1847. 



1st class, 12 per cent. 12 per cent. 7 per cent. 

 2nd class, 17 „ 18 „ 10 „ 



3rd class, 50 „ 41 „ 23 „ 



Altocether, 21 „ 24 „ 17 



The yearly increase in money on each class of passengers is as 

 follows : — 



1845. 1846. 1847. 



1st class, 6 per cent. 9 per cent. — per cent. 



2nd class, 16 „ 21 „ 6 „ 



3rrl class, 34 ,, 53 ,, 24 „ 



Altogether, 16 „ 18 „ 9 „ 



It is to be observed that no deductions can be drawn from these 

 figures, as the Railway Department returns are defective and 

 informal. 



The gross returns in each year from passengers, goods, &c., were 

 as follows : — 



18423, £4,535,189 



1843-4, 5,074,674 



1844-5, 6,209,714 



1845.6, 7,565,569 



1846-7, 8,510,886 



According to Mr. Hackett, in Herapath's Rai/wny Journal, the 

 receipts for the years ending 31st December, have been as follows : 



1842, £4,341,781 



1843, 4,827,655 



1844, 5,584,982 



1845, 6,649,224 



1846, 7,664,874 



1847, 8,949,681 



^"'I'^'^n^ifiis'"^ i 9,423,963 

 June 30, 1848, J 



Mr. Hackett's totals are taken from the traijic returns published 

 in Herapath's Journal, and do not include many small companies 

 which make returns to the Railway Department. 



The following will show the totals of the Railway Department 

 and of Mr. Hackett for the same period : — 



1842-3, 

 1843-4, 

 1844-5, 

 1S45-6, 

 1846-7, 

 1847-8, 



Railway Department. 

 £4,341,781 

 5,074,674 

 0.209.714 

 7.565,569 

 8,510,886 



Mr. Hackett. 

 £4,530,401 

 5,114,575 

 6,065,956 

 7,159,502 

 8,194,767 

 9,423,963 



Except in the first two years, it will he seen that Mr. Hackett's 

 totals are below those of the Railway Department, for the reason 

 already given, 



1844-5, £112,858 



1845 6, 406.007 



1846-7, 310,119 



These figures show that any error in Mr. Hackett's figures must 



be on the safe side ; and if we take the difference for the year 1847-8 

 at 300,000/., this will give as the gross yearly traffic for the year 

 ending 30th June last, 9,700,000/., or nearly ten millions sterling. 

 The increase of passenger receipts in each year is as follows :— 



1844-5 £537,047 



1845-6 748,874 



1840-7 422,787 



The increase in the number of passengers in each year stands 

 thus : — 



1844.5 £6,027,651 



1845-6 9.999,730 



1846-7 7,561,180 



The gross increase of revenue in each year stands thus :— 



1844-5 £1,135.040 



1845-6 1,355,855 



1846-7 945,317 



1847-8 1,200,000 



Mr. Hackett has shown (Herapath's Journal, 3rd series, vol. X., 

 p. 33), tliat the number of miles of railway on which his figures 

 are taken, and the average traffic per mile, are as follows : — 



1842, 

 1843, 

 1844, 

 1845, 

 1816, 

 1847, 

 1847-8, 

 (H.ilf-year.) 



The last line has been made up from other data. 



The capital expended on railways has been likewise given by 

 Mr. Hackett, from which we can learn the amount expended in 

 each year. 



1842, £52,380,100 whole capital, expended. 



1843, 57,635,100 „ £5,255,000 



1844, 63,489,100 „ 6,844,000 



1845, 71,646,100 „ 8,157,000 



1846, 83,165,100 „ 12,519,000 



1847, 109,528,800 „ 26,363,700 

 The total amount of railway expenditure from 1842 to the end 



of 1847 was 57,548,700/. 



The total amount of railway income in those years has been — 



Altogether, £38,884,181 



Of course the whole of this income cannot be treated as real 

 capital, no more can the whole of 'he expenditure; but it is a signi- 

 ficant fact, that while the whole expenditure has been 57,548,700/., 

 the whole income has been 38,884,181/., or more than two-thirds 

 of that amount. This is deserving the attention of those who 

 direct their attention towards the subject of railway capital. 



It may be noted upon the decrease in the mileage receipts, that 

 it is to be accounted for from the greater economy in working ex- 

 penses allowing of lower fares, and from the progress of railway 

 improvement allowing lines to be more cheaply constructed. It 

 will be found that the net return is not less in 1847 than in 1842. 



In " Irish Wants and Practical Remedies," by Humphrey Brown, 

 Esq., M. P., (p. 63), is given a table of the estimated passenger and 

 goods traflic of several English lines, as given before the House of 

 Commons. This I have extended as follows : — 



Length 

 ID Miles. 

 163f 



79 



27i 



50 



Name. 

 Midland, 



Lancashire and Yorkshire, 

 York and North Midland, 

 London and Brighton, 



London and South Ea.stern, .. 67 



Great North of England, .. 45 

 Great Western, and Bristol and Exeter, 231 



Lancaster and Preston, .. 20 



Glasgow and Ayr, .. 18| 



Hull and Selby, .. .. 31 



London and Cambridge, .. 57J 



Dundee and Arhroath, .. 16J 



Sheffield and Manchester, .. 44^ 



Passengers. 

 550,985 

 207,088 

 185,660 

 226,444 

 317,252 



75,158 

 821,145 

 106,957 

 597,470 



19,562 

 591,344 

 200,727 

 335,444 



Altogether, 



85U 4,135,836 



Goods. 



Tons. 



151,845 



109,486 



5,547 



43,765 



63,079 



32,136 



209,563 



121,027 

 93,873 

 72,214 

 51,899 

 84,050 



1,038,504 

 32 



