18-10] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



131 



twenty years, before he was admitted a member. During this jieiioil, he 

 made many designs for public and private buildings, wlucli were erected in 

 diftcrent parts of the tdngdoni, some of which manifested architectural talents 

 of a high oriler. He was, at length, elected an associate, and speedily after- 

 wards, one of the Koyal Academicians. Among various designs whieh he 

 liad exhibiled at that nursery of tlic arts, was one called " I'riam's Palace," 

 which attracted much admiration during the exhibition. This, and his other 

 architectural drawings, and executed buildiugs, are ample evidences of his 

 love of, atul devotion to, bis profession. 



One of the tirst acts of the new Parliament, after the accession of George 

 IV.. was the projection of great alteraliuriS and improvements. in the niagnili- 

 cent castle-palaee at Windsor. For this purpose, it was agreed that the three 

 attached architects to the linard of Works, Messrs. Soaiie, Nasli, and .Srairke, 

 with Mr. Jeffry Wyatt, should be direited to make jdans, drawings, and esti- 

 mates. The sum of .-f300,00(l harl been voted by Parliament towards the 

 expenses of these improvements, and a commission of eight noblemen ami 

 gentlemen, mend)ers of the adiuinisiration and of the opposition, were ap- 

 pointed to arlvise as to the works and expenditure of the money. Among 

 these " Commissioners " were the Earl of i\.berdecii. President of the Society 

 of Antiquaries, and Sir Charles Long, (subacrpiently l*ord Farnborough,) a 

 distinguished Fellow of that cidightencd institution : both men qf relincd 

 taste in tlie higher dei)artmcnts of art. In May, 1821, the respective archi- 

 tects above named (with the exception of Mr. Soane,) submitted their draw- 

 ings to the t'ommissioners, when the designs of Mr. Jctfry Wyatt were ap- 

 proved of, atid accepted. The Commissioners next visited Windsor; the 

 plan of operations was settled, and, on the 12th of .\ngust, 1821, the birth- 

 day of George IV., the first stone was laid by the King, it being part of tlie 

 foundation of the new g.iteway on the southern side of the Great Quadrangle, 

 and tlieiicefortli named George the Foiu-th's Gateway. On this occasion, the 

 arelutect received the royal autborily for changing his name to Wyattville; 

 not merely as a personal compliment, but for the jmrpose of distinguishing 

 and separating the Wyatt of that reign from bis' nncle, Mr. James Wyatt, 

 whose share in the architectural works at Windsor, during the reign of 

 George III., has already been mentioned. Furthermore, George W. sug- 

 gested and conferred the additional armorial quartering to the architect's 

 family anus, of a view of George the Fourth's Gateway, with the word ll'ind- 

 s(i'i\ as a motto. 



^\'ithout the aid of plans and \iews of the buildings, it is impossible to 

 ■ convey to the reader any clear idea of Windsor Castle at flie time that Mr. 

 Wyatville commenced his improvements, in 1824, and at tlie period of their 

 recent comiilction. It may be sufficient to mention, that the alterations and 

 additions made in the Castle buildings, from tlic commencement of the Tudor 

 dynasty (o the year 1821, were riot only iubarmonious with the castellate<l 

 cliaracter of the older works, but were generally tasteless in design, and shght 

 and bad in execution. Hence the whole of the latter class were taken down, 

 when the whole of the main timbers were found to be decayed. New floors 

 and ceilings, witli new partition walls, were necessary ; and to improve the 

 exterior etl'ect of the elevations, each wall was raised several feet, and 

 finisbeil with bold endiattled parapets. The angular and intermediate towers 

 were also augmented in height, and each crowned with a machicolatcd sum- 

 mit. The chinmcy-obafts were formed into stone clusters, and made to as- 

 sume the shapes of turrets. Aiound the south and east sides of the interior 

 of the great quadrangle, was erected a sjiacions corridor, 550 feet in length, 

 connected with and forming grand and convenient uj)])roaches to the chief 

 suites of apartments which lielong to those jiarts of the Castle. 



The works proceeded with such rapiiiity, (the architect devoting the wliole 

 of his time to the vast undertaking,) that, on the 'Jth of December, 1828, the 

 King's i)rivate ap.irtments were comiileted, anrl his .Majesty removed from 

 his rural retreat, a superbly embcUislied eott.age in the Great Park, and for- 

 mally took |iossession of the Ca>tle. The next public act of the King was to 

 coiil'ur the lionoiu' of knigbthoofl on his architect, who, also, was permitted 

 to take up Ids residence in a eommaniUug tower, in the middle ward, at the 

 west eml of the north terrace. 



The progress of the repairs was rather expedited than stayed by the King 

 having taken up his residence at the Castle. The decayed and dangerous 

 st.atc of the buihhug had, however, occasioned an cx]ieiiditure much beyond 

 the original estimates ; iiuleed, at Midsummer, ISI'tl, the cost appeared to 

 have been nearly doubled. 



Application was, accordingly, maile to Parliament for further advances ; 

 when, opposition being raised in the House of Commons, a committee was 

 appointed to investigate the Castle works, and the probable amount of money 

 requisite for their completion. Tbe committee, at length, ordered works to 

 be undertaken to the estimated amount of .-CHSiryii. to be advanced at the 

 rate of .t;50,000 per annum. This grant was made exclusively fcr the archi- 

 tect's department, independent of the upholsterer, decnr.itor, and other aiti- 

 sans. Since that time, much has been done. Tbe Eli/.abcthan CJallery has 

 been finished, aud fitted up as a library, the Waterloo Gallery has been com- 

 pleted, and adorned with portraits, by Lawrence, of the principal monarchs, 

 statesmen, and generals of Furojic ; the old principal staircase has been re- 

 moved, so as to present an uuiMterriqited vie\v from the northern terrace, 

 lliiiiiitili the stiperb pile by means of opposite entrances, to the unrivalled 

 l.ou'j; Walk on the south ; a noble staircase having been elsewhere construct- 

 ed, in which is placed a colossal statue of George IV., nine feet, six inches 

 higb, by Chantrey. Lodges have also been erected at the junction of tbe 

 Long Walk with the Home Park ; ami several of the old state apartments, 



at tlie north-west part of the upjier coiui;, have been enlarged and substan- 

 tially repaired. .Vt the north-west angle of this court. Sir Jeffry had designed 

 a splendid chapel. Tbe heightening of the Keep, or Round Tower, by some 

 feet, is also an improvement which adds pre-eminently to the dignity of the 

 magnificent pile. 



It has been well observed, " so completely has Sir Jeffry made the Castle 

 his own, that nobody else can distinguish between what belongs to himself 

 and bis predecessors." The style of the building is old, while the material 

 is new ; and the hai-mony of parts is so complete as to form a whole of al- 

 most inexpressible massiveness and grandeur. 



Von liaumer, on his visit in 1S33, found Windsor far exceeding his expec- 

 tations, and nialdng a greater impression on him than all the other castles be 

 had ever seen, put together. " This is high praise," says the Literary \Vorld, 

 " from a native of Germany, where feudalism has left so many stately monu- 

 ments of its tVowning glory. 



Hitherto, there has been published no fitting record of this grand national 

 repair of the proudest structure that England possesses. King George IV., 

 with the iulentiou of consummating the truly regal labour, and, in strict 

 princely state, coiumanded Sir Jeffry Wyatville to puljlish an account of his 

 great work; the missive, in the handwriting of the sovereign, is in the pos- 

 session of Sir Jcffry's executors, as is also a conlirmation of the command, 

 from Queen Victoria. Sir Jctfry had made much progress in his task; he 

 having expended X3000 upon drawings.* In the Pictnrescpie Animal, the 

 author relates, that George IV. promised to send a coiiy of Sir Jeffry's work 

 to every sovereign in Europe; but, with the exception of this patronage. Sir 

 Jeffry, it is heUcvcd, although working at the Royal command, did not expect 

 assistance of any kind. On one occasion, when suriirise was expressed at 

 such a condition. Sir Jcffiy replied, in the spirit and pride of art ; " The task 

 is mine; I am prejiaring my own monument." 



Notwitliotandiiig that Wmdsor Castle is the chef d'muvre of Sir Jeffry 

 Wyatville, and, for ages to come, will stand as the best record of his skilful 

 taste, he had wholly huilt, or improved, many other edifices in different parts 

 of the kingdom. He has left some of bis works in thirty-five, out of the forty, 

 English counties, and four, out of tbe twelve, Welsh. From a list of .above 

 100 of these buildings, the following, with the names of their owners, are 

 appended to tbe memoir already quoted: — 



Badmiiit(ui House, Gloucestershire, Duke of Beaufort. — Drawing-room and 

 library. 



Woburn Abbey, Bedfordshire, Duke of Bedford. — Temple of the Graces. 



.\t Endsleigh, Devonshire, Duke of Bedford. — A spacious and commodious 

 seat, in the cottage style. 



Cliatsworth House, Derbyshire, Duke of Devonshire. Some magnificent 

 new buildings, also alterations and restorations of the old mansion, in the 

 Italian style. These have just been completed. 



Longlcat House, Wiltshire, Marquis of Bath. — New conservatory, stables, 

 offices, staircase, and alterations of the hall, &c. 



Asliridge, Hertfordshire, Earl of Bridgewater.^The completion of the 

 house, begun by James Wyatt, R..\. ; the liridgewatcr column in the park, 

 and lodges. 



Bretbey, Derbyshire, Earl of Chesterfield. — Parts of tlie house. 



Gopsall, Statfordshii'e, Earl Howe. — A new lodge, &c. 



Belton House, Lincolnshire, Earl Brownlow. — New grecn-liouse, and alte- 

 rations to the mansion. 



Wollaton Hall, Nottingbamsbire, the Lord Middletou. — Alterations to the 

 interior, and new lodges to that fine Italian house. 



Sidney College, Cambridge. — New gate-hou^c, and fronts to the whole 

 college. 



Besides the above, which are generally called show places, Sir Jeffry has 

 designed and executed tlie following Hejc houses : 



Lillcshall, Shropshire, Earl Gower. 



fiolden Grove, Caermartbenshire, Eaid of Cawdor. , 



Nonsuch Park, Surrey, Samuel Farmer, Esq. 



Dinton, Wiltshire, William Wiudham, Esq. 



Denford, Berkshire, M'ilbam llallett, Esq. 



Stubton, Lincolusbire, Sur Robert Heron, Bart. 



llilbielil Lodge, Herefordshire, The Honourable G. Villiers. 



Trebursye, Cornwall, The Honourable ^\ iUi;nu Elliot. 



Banner Cross, Yorkshire, General Murray. 



Wimborn, Dorsetshire, William Castlenuin, Esq. 



Claverton, Somersetshire, John \ ivian, Esq. 



Hastings, Sussex, Compt de Vaiides, &c. &c. 



By the introduction of Queen Adelaide, Sir Jefl'ry designed a castle for Al- 

 tenstein, for her brother tbe reigning Duke of Saxe Meiningeu ; as also a jia- 

 lace, with extcuaive stables, and a riding house for Meiningen ; for which 

 works tbe Dul^e prcsenterl hiiu the grand cross of the Saxon Ernestine order, 

 as a mark of his approbation. In the summer of last year he designed the 

 stables at Windsor Ca>tlc. This ilesinii, though of almost quaker like plain- 

 ness, evinces the same strong faculty for arrangement under dilticult circuin- 

 stanees, which characterized all his former woiks. As late as November last, 

 he designeil lodges fortlii; Sheffield and Derby entrances toChatsworth : the 

 latter of which is full of boldness audpriginaUfy, and as vigorous as any design 

 he ever produced, although his last work, except an Alcove for the gardens, 

 which is as jilayful as the work of a young hand. 



•\th. 



Mr. \\'ea.]e has received instructions to publish this splendid work forth- 



