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THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



[AURVST, 



inannractures— the woollen, the worsted, tlie linen, and the rtitlery, l)c ides 

 extensive manufactures of iron, leather, pottery, Itc. ; and it h is also the 

 "rest seaport for our trade with the north of K'urope. Hull, and the first corn 

 market in the north of Kngland. AV'akoi'icId. Cy the lailways now coni|)leted, 

 the niainifaclLinng population will have their granary, Lincolnsh re, and thdr 

 sheep farm, Leicestershire, almost at their doors. All raw malerials for 

 manufactures will be more accessilile ; and all the goods tnaniilaetured will 

 he nearer to their home or foreign markets. For health or recreation, its 

 inhal'it.ints will he able in two or three hours to reach either the sliorcs of the 

 sea or the romantic- valleys of Derbyshire, or many of the most interesting- 

 objects ami places of resort in our own county. The agriculturists will .also 

 l)c able to procure more easily those necessary .articles, manure, lime, building 

 materials, and implements, and to bring their produce more cheaply and ex- 

 peditiously to market. And all of e>ery class whom business or iaste call to 

 the metropolis vvill be able, in the short .space of ten hours, and ere long 

 ■|)erhaps in light hours, to glide from the heart of Yorkshire to the banks of 

 the " r<iyal-to»cred Thames." — Leeds Mercury. 



Openhi/r nf the York and North Midlivid Raihvaij.— This li'ie, the length of 

 ■which, frorn York to its junction with the North Midland Haihvay near Al- 

 tofts, is 23i miles, (e.xclusive of the short branches to JMcthloy, and of two 

 branches to bring it upon the level of the Leeds and Selby Sailway,) has 

 been opened in distinct portions at three several times. The portion from 

 York to the Leeds and Selby Railway, near South Milford. being a distance 

 of LSI miles, was opened on the 29th of May, 1?.39. A second portion, of 

 about three miles in length, from Milford to Burton Salmon, was opened on 

 the ilth of May, in the present year. And the third portion, .about seven 

 miles in length, completing the connexion between York and the North Mid- 

 land Railway, near Altofts. was opened on Tuesday. .Tune 30. when a party 

 of directors and friends came from York, and joinetl the immense train from 

 Leeds, iiy which the North J'lidland was formally opened. The York and 

 North Midland Railway, together with I he Le.-ds and Selby. and Hull and 

 Selby R-dlways. completes the communication between York and Hull : and 

 with the North Midland Railway, completes the communication from York 

 to Leeds. .'-Sheffield, and London. The York and North Mirlland Railuay 

 has the advantage of running on almost a dead level through its entire 

 length, with no heavy works, except a tunnel of two hundred yards long at 

 Fairbiirn, and two fine bridges over the rivers Aire and Caldi'r. One of these 

 bridges was erected with unprecedented despatch, only si.x weeks having 

 elapsed between laying the foundation of the last pier and conipleling the 

 bridge. The line has been as economical in the construction as almost any 

 railway in the country, and promises to be productive to the shareholders. 

 It gives great advantages to the city of York, which Is thus made very easy 

 of access to all the populous parts of the county, and is placed on the line of 

 railway from the English to the .Scotch metropolis. The engineer of this line 

 was George Stephenson. Esq.— The York and North Midland Kailw.-iy. though 

 completed as far as regards the communication between York and London, is 

 not quite complete as far as regards the communication by thai line with 

 .Leeds. It joins the Norih Midland Railway at two points, namely, near Al- 

 tofts for carriages to and from the south, and at Melhley lor carriages to and 

 from Leerls: the la;ier branch, from one to two miles in length, is not quite 

 finished, but will be so in a few weeks, after which passengers between Leeds 

 and York will, we understand, be conveyed by the North Midland and York 

 and North Midland lines. — Leeds Merciiri/. 



Opening of the Halt and Selby Ra:iway.—7hh railway, which is 30:j miles in 

 length, was formally opened by the directors and their friends, on Wednesday, 

 July 1, preparatory to its being opened to the public on the following day. 

 It had been previously arranged that the opening should be signal i.^ed by a 

 grand procession. Lord Weulock (as lord lieutenant of the East Riding), 

 Lord 'Whamclilic. Ihe chairm-an of the board of directors of the Manchester 

 and .Sheflield Railway. Sir Thomas Cliiiord Constable, high sheriff of ihe 

 county, the members of the borough of Hull, and of o:her places ; the Mayor, 

 Recorder, and Sheriff of Hull; the Mayor of Beverley, the Chairman of the 

 Hull Duck C mpany. Chamber of Commerce, Trinity House, and other cor- 

 porations and institutions, were to go in procession through the town to the 

 railway station. But all these inten'.ions were abandoned in consequence of 

 the heavy rain that fell during the morning ; and the directors, shareiiolders, 

 and their friends, instiad of starting at ten o'clock, remained at the station 

 till noon. Indeed, it was twenty minutes past twelve when they started, in 

 five trains, (comprising 40 carriages and ab,jUt 1,000 passengers.) the first of 

 whicli reached .Selby at a quarter past two. The Hull and Selby aod Lectls 

 and Selby linos run into each other at the crossing of the road from Selby to 

 Bawtry ; and we understand that passengers from Hull, for Leeds or York, 

 go through in the same carnages. The numerous party remaineil tliere, in- 

 specting the terminus, the station. SiC, till halt'-past four, when they started 

 on the return trip. They reached Hesslct'liti', about five miles from the Hull 

 station, at half-past five, at the rate of twenty-five miles an hour ; but be- 

 tween Hesfle and Hull a slight hitch occurred to the engine of the first tram, 

 which delayed it and those in the rear I'ora short time. However, the whole 

 distance was perlbrmed in less than an hour and three-quarters. Groat 

 crowds were collected at Hull, Selby, ami other populous places on the line. 

 All went off well; the railway po ice exerted themselves to keep order; and 

 not one accident, causing the slightest personal injury, occurred during the 

 whole day. The directors and their friends dined together on their return to 

 Hull in the evening. The effect of this opening is beneficial on the shares, 

 whiidi, it is said, have consequently risen to par. — Leeds InlelUgeiicer. _ 



Eastern Coit.ittes Railway — opening from Hhorediteh to Brentwood. — About 

 twelve o'clock on Wednesday, July 1st, the Directors, accomnanied by 

 the engineer, manager, secretary, &c., left the station at .ShoreJitch, and 

 proceeded down the line to Brentwood, pixqiaratory to the opening to the 

 lublic in the afternooa ; the journey, including stoppages, was performed iu 

 ■.") minutes, and on their return in 35 minutes. At two o'clock the line was 

 opened to Ihe public, aitd a train, heavily laden with passengers desirous of 

 availing themselves of the earliest moment to make Ihe trip, left the station 

 at thtit hour ; and other trains, which left in the course of the afternoon, 



were all lull. The extended opening created a great sensation in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Shoreditch, Bethnal Green. Sec. and it is estimated that upwards 

 nf 30.000 persons were collecteil on the occasion ; every window, with a view 

 of the line, was crowded, and in some instances the roofs of the houses were 

 removed to admit of a sight. — Esse.x Standard. 



The London and Blaekwall Railway. — This line was opened to the public on 

 Monday, the 6.h ult. A description of the railway was given in the Journal 

 for June last. 



The Gla.igow and Paisley Joint Railway, extending to 7 miles, was opened 

 by the Directors on Monday, the 13th ult. 



The Maryport and Carlisle Railieay. — The first portion of this line from Car- 

 lisle has been oper.cd. The road is a single line of rails exceiJting at the 

 ends, and the work has been throughout completed in a most substantial and 

 satisfactory manner. There are no heavy embankments on the line, but the 

 cuttings have been severe, and in one or two places several feet of freestone 

 rock are gone through, which must have been both difficult and expensive. 

 The line passes down the beautiful vale of the Ellen, and crosses the river of 

 that name three or four times. The terminus at present is at Arkleby Coal 

 Pit, near Oughtcrside, a distance of about seven miles from Maryport. 



Lancaster and Preston Junction Railway. — On Saturday, Ilth ult., the above 

 railway, which joins the North Union Line at Preston, and thus forms a 

 coniinuous line from London to the county to'.vn, was opened to the public 

 for the conveyance of passengers, &c. 



Preston and Wyre Raiheny — opening^ throughout. — This railway, which is 

 about 19-J miles iri length, arid places tlie rising to-, n anil port of Fleetwood 

 on Wyre'in connexion with Preston, the manufacturing districts, and the 

 metropolis, was finally opened on Wednesday, 15th ult., by the Directors and 

 proprietors. 



The Great Western Railway— furiiier opening^. — On Monday. 20th ult., the 

 line of the Great Western Railway was further opened from Steventon to the 

 Farringdon Ro.ad. a distance of sixty -three miles from London. — The Great 

 Western Railway works at tlic Old Bridge, Bath, are proceeding with extra- 

 ordinary vigour.'and greatly excite the interest of the inhabitants and pas- 

 sengers. The arches tor the oblique bridge are in part erected, and every 

 day supplies fresh proofs of the exertions of the conlr: ctors and tlie progress 

 of the undertaking. It is expected that the Railw-ay will be open -as far as 

 Bridgewa'er early in IS-ll. if not during the present year, a distance of 150 

 miles from London, which will then be accomplishel by mail trains in four 

 ho-ois and a ball. The Railway will, it is confidently expected, be extended 

 to Swindon. TO miles from London, in September, and the road from Batli 

 to Bristol (12 miles) will be perfected at the same time ; the entire distance 

 between London and Bristol, by the assistance of coaches in the intermediate 

 road, may be then perlbrmed in .six hours. — Bristol Times. 



Mi'.nchester and Birmingham Railumy.—A viaduct over the valley of the 

 river Dane, of dimensions nearly as gigantic as the one over the valleys on 

 each side of the river Mersey, in this town, is about to be contracted for on 

 the line of the Manchester and Birmingham Railway, between Wimslow and 

 Crewe. It will have 24 a-.ches of 03 feet span each, at an elev.ation of about 

 80 feet, and will be upwards of 1,700 feet in length. There will be but little 

 difference between the one here and th.it over the Dane, except that the for- 

 mer has 2() arches, and the latter 24, with an altitude of several feet less. 

 We suppose the cost will be much the same ; the one here being, wo believe, 

 £80,000 —Sloclcport Advertiser. 



MISCZI^LAKTSA. 



^ 



The Electrotype. — This important discovery of multiplying copperplate 

 engravings, medals, &c., by precipitating copper from its solutions through, 

 the agency of galvanism, is fast progressing iu this country. Joscjih Saxton 

 and Mr. I'eale of the Pliiladelphia Mint, and Messrs. Chilton, Mapes, and 

 Connor of this city, have made many improvements on the EngUsh process. 

 Dr. Chilton has caused copper to be precipitated on non-metallic bodies even, 

 by covering the paper -with nitrate of silver, and thus obtaining a copperplate 

 engraving from a mere print on paper. The saeans of England will see that 

 we are not behind them in science. — Xew York Morning Herald. 



Electrotype. — At a recent meeting of the Academy, M. .\rago exhibited 

 to the members an impression of a copperplate, taken by .M. Jacobi, by means 

 of a galvanic current. But in England this process is already and extensively 

 in practical use. We have now before us a copy from E. Finden's engraving 

 of Dr. James, Bishop of Calcutta, and a copy from an electrotype plate of the 

 same, published by Mr. Palmer, of Newgate Street, and it ajipears to us im- 

 possible to distinguish the one from the other ; but as both are for sale, the 

 curious may examme and decide for themselves. — .ilhemeiim. 



Brass Mouldings patented by Cuerton. — These mouldings are a great 

 improvement upon those made by the ordinai-y method of casting in brass 

 and then filing and polishing them witli considerable labour, which, after all, 

 are never turned out true. By the patent method the moulding is tirst made 

 in wood, a thin plate of sheet brass is then drawn over the surface by ma- 

 chinery, -which is made to fit it very accurately. The patentees are enabled 

 to offer their mouldings at a very low figure iu comparison with the former 

 prices for brass mouldings. P.atterns may be seen at Messrs. Btmnet & 

 Corpe's, in Lombard Street. 



Dampier's Patent Geometric Balance. — We much regret that want of 

 space has hitherto prevented us giving this machine the attention it is 

 fairly entitled to. Of the many improvements in the means of weighing 



