34 



MR. LYELL ON THE PROOFS OF A GRADUAL RISING OF 



NameB. 

 TelUna Baltica. Var. h. 

 PL II. figs. 3. & 4. 



2. Cardium edule. 

 Pl.II. fig. 6. 



Var. 



3. Mytilus edulis. 



4. Littorina littorea. {Tur- 

 bo littoreus, Linn.) 



5. Littorina rudis. 

 rudis.) 



{Turbo 



6. Littorina crassior. {Tur- 

 bo crassior). 



7. Paludina ulva} PI. II. 

 fig. b. a.b. c. 



Observations. 

 This variety of T. baltica was found in stiff blue clay 

 between Smedby and Kongsor (see page 10), as also at 

 Ulfva, near Upsala (see page 14). It is larger, thicker, 

 and covered with a strong green epidermis ; but there is 

 a passage between it and the preceding variety. 



This Cardium is generally of a small size in the brack- 

 ish waters of the Baltic, and often more elongated trans- 

 versely than individuals of the same species in the ocean. 

 This transverse form is seen in the fossils found at Solna 

 and other places near Stockholm mentioned in the me- 

 moir ; and Mr. Gray tells me that the same variety has 

 been observed elsewhere in brackish waters. But indivi- 

 duals of the more ordinary form, though of a dwarfish 

 size, are also found living in the Baltic, and fossil in the 

 localities above mentioned. 



The variety of this shell, which occurs fossil at Solna, 

 Brankyrka, Sodertelje, Ulfva, &c., is small, about half an 

 inch long, like that now inhabiting the brackish waters 

 of the Baltic. It is almost always found in a state of de- 

 composition, and converted into a violet-coloured marl. 



Found fossil at Solna, Brankyrka, Sodertelje, Sker- 

 plinge, and other places bordering the Baltic. I found va- 

 rieties of different ages, but never any which approached 

 the larger size which the same species often attains on 

 the borders of the ocean. 



A young specimen of this occurred fossil with the for- 

 mer at Brankyrka ; also in the violet-coloured marl from 

 Nadendal in Finland, given me by Colonel Hallstrom 

 (see page 22). 



I found specimens of this at Solna. 



A great number of small univalves, of which I have 

 given figures, are found fossil with littoral shells at Solna, 

 Brankyrka, and Sodertelje, resembling those which occur 

 generally in the sands of the shores of the Baltic, as well 

 as on those of the ocean between Uddevalla and Gothen- 

 burg. The three principal varieties which are figured are 



