AND METEOROLOGY OF DUKHUN. ' 187 



fall of rain in the same months in consecutive years. In 1826, July was the most 

 rainy month, and August the driest. In 1827, June had the most rain, and July the 

 least. In 1828, July was the most rainy, and, unlike the two preceding years, June 

 the least so. In 1829 and 1830, June had the most rain, and September less than 

 any monsoon month for many years previously. In five years' observations in Dukhun, 

 the greatest quantity of rain fell in the months of June and July. October, the month 

 in which the monsoon breaks up, is the next most rainy, but the rain falls in a few 

 heavy squalls, and the greatest part of the month is quite fair and bright. September, 

 August, and May follow in the order of their aggregate supply of water. In those 

 five years no rain whatever fell in February, twice only in December, and only once 

 in January, March, and April respectively. The mean annual fall was 23j inches, 

 while the mean fall for twelve years in Bombay, only 80 or 90 miles to the westward, 

 was 82 inches. The clouds supplying the monsoon torrents would appear to have a 

 low elevation, as I have frequently seen through breaks, as they were passing rapidly 

 from the west to the east, a superior stratum, apparently stationary, or moving slowly 

 in a contrary direction, and gilded by the sun's rays. The greatest fall of rain in any 

 one day was 2*58 inches, on the 6th of July 1826 ; and in the whole five years there 

 were only six other instances of the diurnal fall having exceeded 2 inches, namely, 

 on the 15th of January, 2*17 inches; on the 29th of June, 2*57 inches; on the 26th 

 of September 1827, 2*54 inches; on the 30th of August 1828, 2-24 inches; on the 

 24th of June 1830, 2*31 inches; and 25th of July, 2*4 1 inches. 



At Hurnee, on the coast of the southern Konkun, on the 15th of June 1829, there 

 is a record of 8*133 inches of rain in the 24 hours. In the year 1828, in Bombay, 

 there is an instance of a similar diurnal fall of rain on the 24th of June, viz. 8*67 

 inches ; and in July of the same year, on the 12th and 18th, there fell respectively 

 7*40 and 7'45 inches of rain. 



The mean annual fall of rain for all England, from many years' observations, is 

 32*2 inches ; but the means of difl:erent counties vary from 67 in Cumberland to 19 

 in Essex. 



The direction of the wind was carefully recorded three times daily for the years 

 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, and 1830. The great features in these observations are the 

 prevalence of winds from the west and westerly quarters, east and easterly points, 

 and the extreme rareness of winds from the north and south, and the points ap- 

 proximating to them, and these features appear to be constant in the several years. 

 In 5229 observations, the wind blew from the west or points adjoining 2409 times ; 

 and in this number the south-west (305) and north-west winds (122) amount only to 

 427, including the record of south-west winds (159) in May, June, and July 1826, 

 which in truth were so westerly, that in the succeeding years in the same months 

 they were classed as westerly winds, their inclination in general being more to the 

 west than to the south of west-south-west, thus leaving 2141 observations of the wind 

 almost exclusively from the west. The records of the easterly winds, including south. 



2 b2 



