ELEPHANTS. 



Wall- 

 case 43. 



Table- 

 case 24. 



molars at the back. The molars themselves show a distinct 

 advance, the crown of each consisting of three transverse ridges, 

 each ridge composed primarily of two main cusps which may, 

 however, show small traces of sub-division into secondary cusps. 

 The mandible (figs. 9 & 13) differs from that of Moeritherium in 

 the much greater prolongation of the spout-like anterior portion; 

 this now projects a considerable distance in front of the skull 

 and is prolonged still further forward by the single remaining 

 (second) pair of incisor teeth, which meet in the middle line and 

 form a sort of shovel-shaped extension ; the edges are worn both 



Fig. 10. 



Posterior lower molars (m 2 , m 3 ) of (A) Moeritherium and (B) Palaomastodon,. 

 showing the increase in the number of ridges of Palaomastodon. f nat_ 

 size. 



on the upper and lower surface, so that these teeth were pro- 

 bably used for grubbing about in the ground to procure food, 

 and the upper surface must have been further worn by working 

 against the lower surface of the trunk or elongated upper lip. 



