44 ELEPHANTS. 



According to Mr. Lydekker the distinctive features of these 

 local races are : 



I. In the Addo Bush, or East Cape, Elephant (Elephas 

 africanus capensis) the ears are rather small, somewhat square 

 in shape, with rounded corners, and a small, sharply pointed 

 angular lappet at the lower angle. The forehead falls away 

 towards the temples, so as to appear highly arched. 



II. The West Cape Elephant (E. a. toxotis) has the ears much 

 larger (4 ft. 5 in. in a female 8 ft. 8 in. high), longer, and 

 semi-oval in shape; although, as in the preceding race, sharply 

 inflected at the lappet. 



III. In the Matabeleland race (E. a. selousi) the ear is much 

 less elliptical than in the West Cape Elephant, and approaches 

 more to that of the Camerun race, but agrees with that of the 

 former in that the lappet underhangs the jaw and chin. 



IV. In the West African Elephant (E. a. cyclotis), typically 

 from South Cameruns, the ears are very large, but of quite 

 different shape, the contour being oval, and the lappet in the 

 form of half -ellipse. The skin has a mosaic-like appearance, 

 and its colour is paler grey than in most other races. The 

 Congo Elephant, which comes very close to this type, has long 

 and slender tusks. 



V. The Masai Elephant (E. a knochenhaueri) , typically from 

 German East Africa, has small triangular ears, with the lappet 

 angulated and pointed. The exhibited specimen (which stands 

 11 ft. 4 in. in height, with ears measuring 4 ft. 2J in. by 3ft. 

 5 in.) may belong to this race. 



VI. In the Aberdare Elephant (E. a. peeli), typically from 

 the Aberdare Mountains, British East Africa, the ears are pear- 

 shaped, with the lappet very long, although somewhat rounded 

 at the tip. 



VII. The Lake Rudolf Elephant (E. a. cavendishi) is nearly 

 allied to the last, but has broader ears, in which the lappet is 

 shorter. 



VIII. In the Abyssinian, or Sudan, Elephant (E. a. oxyotis) 

 the ears form an elongated triangle, with the upper border 

 rounded and the lappet very sharply pointed and angular. This 

 elephant attains very large dimensions. 



