HYMENOPTERA. 45 



compound cocoons of gregarious moths. Attention is particularly 

 called to one of Anaphe panda from S. Africa (263) in which there 

 is a crowd of caterpillars, and by its side a similar nest (265) in 

 which the caterpillars have spun their cocoons (figs. 45, 46). When 

 the moths come out they escape by the opening at the top. 

 (Further particulars about this nest will be found in Table- 

 case 40.) 



In the same case is a somewhat similar nest from Madagascar 

 formed by Hipsoides bipars. In this instance each moth escapes by 

 an opening made by itself (269). 



The Rhopalocera are divided into five principal families, the Table- 

 characters by which these may be recognised are explained by a case 42 ' 

 series of labels, drawings and specimens set out in a tabular form in 

 Table-case 42. 



Order HYMENOPTEEA. 

 Wall-cases 11-16, Table-cases 44-48. 



The Saw-flies, Ichneumons, Ants, Wasps and Bees belong to this 

 Order. 



A small series of specimens will be found in drawers 1-8 of a 

 cabinet on the west side of the gallery. 



They have complete metamorphosis. The perfect insect has the 

 head free, with slender attachment to the prothorax. The thorax is 

 compact, the prothorax small, the mesothorax large. They have four 

 wings with few veins ; the hind pair united to the front pair by a 

 series of hooks (except in some minute species). The basal segment 

 of the abdomen is in varying degrees more closely united to the 

 thorax than to the following segments, and in the majority the 

 communication between the first and second segments is by a narrow 

 neck or waist as in the hornet. The tarsi have five joints, except in 

 some minute parasitic species. 



They are classed in two great divisions : . 

 I. HYMENOPTERA TEREBRANTIA, in which the legs have a 

 double trochanter. 



II. HYMENOPTERA ACULEATA in which the legs have a single 

 trochanter. 



These are further divided into fourteen principal families. The Table- 

 characters by which these may be recognised are explained by ca se 44. 

 specimens, drawings and labels arranged in a tabular form in 

 Table-case 44. 



