186 THE FLORA. 



Petals 3, the lower one boat-shaped, and often tipped with a crest. Sta- 

 mens united bj the filaments into a split sheath, or into 2 sets, cohering 

 more or less with the claws of the petals. Fruit a small 2-celled, 2-seeded 

 capsule, flattened on the sides and notched on the top. Seeds with an 

 appendage at one end. — Low, bitter herbs (sometimes shrubs), with simple 

 entire leaves, sometimes bearing underground flowers. {Fig. 437, a.) 



* Leaves all alternate and scattered a 



* Leaves whorled, at least the lower ones e 



a Flowers purple, or reddish, or white b 



a Flowers yellow or yellowish green d 



b Flowers solitary or in racemes, purple Nos. 1-3 



b Flowers in spikes which are oblong or slender.. . .c 



c Leaves lanceolate, large, pointed at each end.... 4 



c Leaves linear, 1 to 2'^ wide 5-7 



c Leaves awl-shaped or bristle-shaped.. ..8-10 

 d Spikes solitary, large, thick. Biennial. .. .11, 12 

 d Spikes numerous, corymbous, small. Biennial. .. .13, 14 



e Spikes acute, slender 15, 16 



e Spikes obtuse, thick 17, 18 



1 F. paucifo'lia Showy M. Fls. 2 or 3, large (root fls. small). Lvs. ovate. (Fi^. 438.) 



2 P. grandiflo'ra. Fls. racemed, crestless. Lvs. lance-ovate. S. 



3 P. polyg'ama. Flowers racemed, crested. Lvs. linear-oblong. {Fig. 437.) 



4 P. Sen'ega. Seneca Snake-root. Fls. white, in slender spikes. Stem If. high. 



5 P. sanguin'ea. Bloody M. Spikes oblong, obtuse, dense. Wings sessile, 



6 P. fastigia^ta. Roofed M. Spikes roundish, loose-flowered. Wings clawed. 



7 P. Nuttal'lii. NuttalVs M. Spikes roundish, acute, dense. Wings elliptic. 



8 P. incarna'ta. Flesh- colored M. Lvs. few, subulate. Pet. much longer than calyx. 



9 P. seta'cea. Nalced M. Leaves very minute. Petals longer than calyx. S. 



10 P. Chapman^ii. Chapmau^s M. Lvs. subulate. Calyx long as petals. S. 



11 P. lu'tea. Yellow M. Tall (8-120, with orange-yellow flowers. M. S. 



12 P. na'na. Dwarf M. Low (3-5''), with greenish-yellow flowers. S. 



13 P. cymo'sa. Cyme-flowered M. Lvs. mostly cauline. Seed not bracted. S. 



14 P. ramo'sa. Branching M. Lvs. mostly radical. Seed bracted. S. 



15 P. verticilla'ta. Whorled M. Lvs. linear. Wings roundish. Fls. greenish. W. 



16 P. Boykin'ii. Bcykin's M. Lvs. lance-obovate. Wings round-obovate. S. 



17 P. crucia'ta. Cross M. Spikes obtuse, thick, sessile. Wings pointed. 



18 P. brevifo'lia. Short leaved M. Spikes obtuse, loose, stalked. AViiigs acute. 



Order XLYI. LEGUMINOSJ^. Leguminous Plants. 



Plants with alternate, mostly compound stipulate leaves, with 



i-o sepah ; 5 j^^tals, more or less papilionaceous, sometimes regular; 



