APPENDAGES. 



89 



prickles, as if in self defence. See the Thorn-bush (Fig. 99), 

 where the long straight thorns come from the axils of the 

 leaves, and are woody. The 

 terrible thorns of the Honey 

 Locust (Fig. 100) are branched. 

 Those of tlie common Locnst 

 are in the place of stipules. 

 Those last mentioned, and all 

 others which originate with 

 the leaves (as in Berberis, 

 Thistle, &c.), are more prop- 

 erly called spmes, 



57. As for the Rose and 

 Bramble, they are armed with 

 j)rieMes, which are horny in 



substance, connected with the Thorns.— i^/<7. 99. Cratsegns parvifolia 



bark onlv, not with the wood. ^'^''''''' ^^^^'^^'y)- Fig. 100. Honey Lo- 



*" cast (brunched tliorns). 



(See Fig. 101.) ^ ^ 



58. Glands are little wart-like bodies which secrete the 

 peculiar fluids of the plant, sometimes imbedded in the leaf 

 or the rind of the fruit, as in the Lemon, where it is filled 

 with a fragrant volatile oil ; sometimes raised on a hair 

 (Figs. 102, 103), as in Sundew, exuding a clammy liquid*. 



59. Stings are piercing hairs, having a bag at the base 

 filled with an acrid fluid. "When touched the tip breaks ofi", 

 the hair penetrates the skin, and the poison is injected into 

 the wound. (See Fig. 106.) 



56. Wliat is the habit of the thorns of the Thorn-bush ? of the Honey 

 Locust ? of the common Locust ? What of the habit of spines ? 



57. What of prickles? 



58. Describe glands, the two kinds. 



59. What is the structure and action of stings? 



