102 OBJECT LESSONS IN BOTANY. 



germinates, grows, and bears leaves only ; and in its second 

 year it blossoms, bears fruit, and dies. Sucli are the Beet 

 and Radish. 



213. A perennial plant survives several or many years. 

 There are herhaoeoxis perennials and woody perennials. The 

 herbaceous perennials, oy 'perennial herls^ are such as survi^'e 

 the winter only by their roots or their parts which grow 

 underground. These in Spring send up leaves, flowers, and 

 and often stems, all of which perish in Autumn, leaving only 

 the parts underground alive as before. Such are the Hop, 

 Asiers, Yiolets. 



214. Woody perennials survive the winter by tlieir stems 

 as well as roots, and usually grow several years before flow- 

 ering, and thence flower annually during their existence. 

 Accoiding to their size, such plants are trees, shrubs, under- 

 shrubs. A tree is the largest among plants, having a perma- 

 nent, woody stem, usually unbranched helow^ and dividing 

 into branches above. The Oaks, Elms, and Pines are famil 

 iar examples. 



215. A bhruh is smaller than a tree, usually growing in 

 clusters from one underground mass of roots. The Lilacs, 

 Roses, Alders, are shrubs. Small shrubs, about of our own 

 stature, as the Currants, Brambles, we call bushes. Yery 

 low shrubs, as the Blueberries, Box, &c., are under shrubs. 



313. Describe a perennial plant. Of what two sorts ? Describe a peren 

 iiial herb. 



215. A tree, a shrub, bush, undershrub, — how distinguished ? To which 

 of the above-mentioned sorts does the Cabbage belong ? To which the Hol- 

 lyhock ? the Balsamine ? Four-o'clock ? To which the Tulip ? Golden-rod ? 

 Lily? Pink? Quince? &c. 



