MANUAL OF THE NILAGIRI DLSTRICT, 11 



CHAPTER II. 

 GENERAL DESCRIPTION— 



Length and Breadth— Boundaries — Area — Divisiona.— Stations — Ghdts and 

 Hill Passes — Roads — Bungalows — Chuttrums. 



The length of the district from east to west, i.e,, from a point CHAP. II. 

 near Rang-asami's Peak to the Pandi river in Wainad, is 40 miles. n^ZZ^r 

 Its breadth from north to south, i.e., from the Moyar river to the Description. 

 Coimbatore frontier, near Melkimda, is 29 miles. The plateau, Len thand 

 between its extreme north-east and south-west points, is in breadth, 

 length approximately 42 miles. Its breadth, in the centre, from 

 north to south, is 15 miles ; but its average breadth is only 

 about 10 miles. 



The district is bounded on the south-east, east, and north- Boundaries, 

 east by the Coimbatore District, namely, from the south-eastern 

 extremity of the Kiinda range, near Melkunda Hill, to the Mysore 

 frontier and the Moyar river, in Lat. 11° 35', Long. 76" 52' j on the 

 north by the Mysore territory and the Moyar river ; on the west 

 and south by the Malabar District, the line running from the 

 Mysore frontier near Tippukadu on the Moyar, along that river . 

 to a point below Neduwattam, ^ and thence along a line known as 

 *' Richardson's line " to a hill called Aratapara. It then follows 

 the course of a stream running into the Pandi, and that river 

 itself, until it falls over the Western Ghdts, near Kark^r, 

 thence up the Yellamale Spur to the Nilagiri Peak, and along the 

 western and southern crests of the Kunda range to the Coimba- 

 tore frontier. 



The total ^ area, exclusive of the Ouchterlony Valley, has been Area, 

 hitherto shown in ofl&cial reports as 749 square miles, or 479,360 



1 From nidu (long) and vattam, a circle, a tanJ:, a valley ; probably the latter 

 meaning applies here ; the word is also applied to a circle of hamlets or small dis- 

 trict. — Wilson's Glossary. The ordinary spelling is retained to avoid confusion. 



2 The areas of the three amshoms of Sonth-East Wainad transferred to the 

 Nilagiris, are estimated as follows : — 



SQ. MS. 



Nambalakdd ... 140 



Cheramkdd 37 



Munnandd 62 



Thus the total area of the district, as now constituted, is 988 square miles. 



By the transfer of these throe amshoms the tri- junction point of Malabar 

 Mysore, and Nilagiris is shifted from the junction of the Kakkanholla and Mysore 

 streams to a point about Lat. 11° 40' North, and Long. 76° 30' East, at the junction 

 of the Dodholla and Maregathe streams, theuce the boundary runs southwards 



