MANUAL OF THE NILAQIKT DISTRICT. 285 



has since then passed through many hands. In 1860 the Lawrence CHAP. XIL 

 Asylum was established there, and there continued till its removal r^^t 

 to Lovedale in 1871, when it became the property of Government, History, 

 and is now used for the Government Offices, to which is attached 

 the new Council Chamber. The building appears to have been 

 tolerably advanced to 1822, a European servant being in charge. 

 In September 1822 Mr. Sullivan applied to Government for 

 permission to enclose 500 ballas of waste land, having, with the 

 consent of Government, procured a professional gardener and 

 agriculturist with a view to making '^ experiments in hoi'ticulture 

 and agriculture under his superintendence." " The experi- 

 ments,'' he adds, " may eventually prove useful to the public, and 

 the expense of making them will be my own." This gardener's 

 name was Johnstone. Mr. Sullivan had also another assistant, an 

 African named Jones, an excellent gardener and seedsman. 

 Johnstone eventually took up the business of a market-gardener 

 on his own account, made a good deal of money, and returned 

 to England ; whilst Jones carried on a similar business near 

 the Mdlemand reservoir until his death. The land asked for 

 and obtained by Mr. Sullivan was the valley to the south of 

 Stonehouse, on parts of which the fruit trees planted by this 

 true coloniser of the Nilagiris may still be seen, whilst others 

 were planted by him, or by his aid, at the houses known as 

 Lushington Hall, Shoreham, the Club, at Kaity and at Bellikal, 

 and many other places. The presence of European grains and 

 fruits on the hills, as already noticed, stimulated these pioneers to 

 action. 



It was in this and the following year that Captain Ward, Captain 



originally one of Colonel Colin Mackenzie's assistants, sarveved ^'^''^'^ 



Survey* 

 the Hills and completed the valuable memoir which will be found in 



the appendix, though it was not submitted to Government till July 

 1826. The following extract, written probably towards the end 

 of 1822, is interesting as showing the progress made by the 

 settlers on the Hills up to that date : — 



"Since these regions have been visited by gentlemen," he writes, 

 " several bungalows have been built in different pleasant situations, as 

 at Dimhutty, and here is a very good kitchen garden, as also at Jacke- 

 nery in a lower situation. A few temporary ones have been erected 

 for the convenience of travellers at Kodavomoody, Naiijauaad, Keelur 

 and Yellanhullj, and another is now in some progress at Whotakary 

 in the MuUanaad, with a spacious garden, laid out with taste on the 

 shoulder of a low ridge, which promises in time to outstep those above- 

 mentioned. One great disadvantage attending building here is the 

 ■want of materials. Inhere is a variety of timber, but it appears to be 

 of very indifferent kind, nor is it possible to burn firm bricks; the clay 

 being of a bad quality, does not adhere together for any time." 



