310 MANUAL OF THE NILAGIRI DISTRICT. 



CHAP. XII. was Mr. James Wilkiuson Breeks, who retained the office till his 



_ death on the 7th June 1872. He succeeded in securing the 



History, confidence of Government and the loving respect of all classes 



within his jurisdiction. The Memorial Schools which bear his name 



were built in great measure by public subscriptions as a testimony 

 of this regard, whilst in St. Stephen's Churchyard is his tomb, 

 erected by the members of his Service. 



The Ouchter- During the commissionership of his successor, Mr. J. R. 



l^YeJto^the Cockerell, on the 15th July 1873, the tract known as the Ouchter- 



district. lony Valley was added to the district, and on the 31st March 



1877 three amshoms of the south-eastern division of Wainad. 



Industries. The transfer of the Indian Empire to the direct rule of the 



Crown, and the gradual extension of the provincial powers of the 

 Madras Government, have resulted in the rapid progress of this 

 district in common with the rest of the Presidency. 



The great industries of coffee, tea, and cinchona cultivation have 

 resulted from the liberation of private enterprise from former 

 restrictions, the adoption of more considerate land rules, and, 

 as regards cinchona, the fostering care of Government. The 

 extension of the cultivation of cereals and other articles of food 

 by natives and others has been equally rapid. Meanwhile public 

 buildings and institutions have sprung into existence. Churches, 

 libraries, and schools have been built, and newspapers established. 

 Two important towns have been constituted Municipalities, and 



Prospects of the district a Local Fund Circle. In a word, though much 



the district, remains to bed one to place the prosperity of the Nilagiris on a 

 sure footing, the progress of the past gives a good hope that this 

 land has a bright future before it, and a place in the history of 

 English enterprise and civilization in South India, which may, in 

 the times to come, if our race is true to its traditions, be looked 

 back upon with pride by future generations both of Englishmen 

 and Natives. 



