MANUAL OF THE NILAOIRI DISTRICT. 555 



bringing with him also 6 C. calisaija plants.* The survival CH. XXX. 



of these caZi6'a//a plants was fortunate, as only one of the cuttings 



of the plants of this kind brought by Mr. Markham was alive. 



The seeds were despatched by post. An interesting account of 



this journey will be found in Mr. Spruce's Report, No. 43, Blue 



Book, Vol. I, which is of special value, as he was an excellent 



naturalist. 



Mr. Pritchett, to whom the search for '' Grey barks " had been —Mr. Prit- 

 committed, arrived at Huanuco on the 28th May, a town in the chett's seareS- 

 midst of the region where these trees abound. He returned to barks." 

 tbe coast with plants in Wardian cases and a collection of seeds 

 towards the end of August. The plants and seeds were 

 C. micrantha, G. nitida, and 0. Peruviana. The plants in War- 

 dian cases arrived in England in good order, but they perished 

 before the cases reached Ootacamand. The seeds, however, 

 germinated freely contrary to expectation. 



Mr. Spruce had been unable to proceed to the Crown bark _Mr. Cross 

 (0. condandnea)'^ region. This duty was entrusted to Mr. Cross procures 

 on his return from England. He started from Guayaquil for the seeds. 

 Loxa forests in the autumn of 1861, procured and despatched in 

 December 1861 to India 100,000 C. condaminea seeds, also a 

 small quantity of crispa seed, both varieties of G. officinalis of 

 Linn^us. The packets arrived at Ootacamand in good order 

 on the 4th March 1862. 



The valuable species known as the Pitayo or Cai-thagena barks — Pitayo 

 [C. lancifolia and G. Pitayends) were not introduced into India ^^^^^■ 

 until much later. A collection of seed had been made by Mr. Cross 

 in 1863, but it lost its vitality. In 1868 this collector proceeded 

 to the district of Popayan in New Granada, and there obtained 

 a supply of seed which arrived on the Nilagiris towards the 

 end of the year. They germinated freely. In the autumn of the 

 following year Mr. Cross forwarded some plants of these species 

 to India. 



Previous to Mr. Markham's arrival in October 1860 Mr. Selection of 

 Mclvor had selected the wooded ravine above the Government ^^^,^^ ?" *^® 

 gardens on the Doddabetta range, with an elevation of between ° 

 7,600 and 7,900 feet above sea lev^el. Mr. Markham considered 

 the site very suitable for varieties of chinchonas growing at high 

 elevations in South America, such as G. cnlisaya (shrubby 

 variety), G. nitida, 0. condaminea, and C. lancifolia; but for 

 the species requiring a warmer and moister climate, such as 

 G. s II cci rubra, G. calisaija, G. micrantha, and C. Peruviana, he, 

 in communication with other officers of Government, selected a 



1 Blue Book, Vol. I, page 159. 



2 C. C/ialmnrijuera (Pavon). For proper botanical uaiiies of these species see 

 page 254, Vol. I, Blue Book. 



