OF THE NtLAGTRT DISTRICT. li 



some. There is a growth of rattans and canes on tlie liills, biit not 

 of good kind. 



0. There are no mannfaptiix-cs on the hills and mnch less^ of trade. Manufactiirea 

 10. The soil of the cultivated lands is very fertile, and may be „ . ^ 

 accounted as being prevalently loam, in soiWi places rather light and produce, 

 inclining to gravel. A few spots of ground contiguous to the villages 

 are manured on account of growing poppy plants and wheat. 



The principfil produce of the mountains is opium, poppy seeds, 

 wheat, mustard and garlic, and beside these there are the following 

 articles of produce, viz., ventheum (seeds used for culina^ry 

 pui'poses), blacic peas (a kind of pulse called Mysore dhall), 

 gaunji (a grain resembling wheat), vussomboo or country gentian^ 

 ghoe, honey, and bees' wax. The only kinds of dry grain that they 

 gi'ow on the mountains are two sorts of shaume, which article is 

 used as the food of all classes of the inhabitants. With respect to 

 cattle there are immense flocks of buffaloes, veiy large, and btjrdering 

 much upon the wild kind ; these are chiefly kept by the Thothavurs 

 as observed above, but the Buddagurs and others also have a few of 

 their own about the villages. It is the milk of these animals that 

 they get in abundance, there being but very few cows (in comparison 

 to the above), wliicb are kept by the most opulent, and although 

 they are the breed of tke highlands, yet they suffer severely from 

 the cold, frost, and dews, if kept in the nights exposed as the 

 buffaloes. The bullocks are used in ploughing the fields, much after 

 the manner iu the low countries. There are no sheep or goats bred; 

 on the hills, and very little of poultry. 



Ganapathi Agrahara, WILLIAM KEYS, 



24:111 June 1812. Assistant Revenue Surveyor. 



N.B. — The highland tract of country about Davaroyaputnum on 

 the north and below the mountains, containing a superficial extent 

 of 140 square miles, has an unequal wavy aspect, is covered with 

 thick wood, and contains not more than eight villages, all which 

 are small, and have each about it a little space of ground cultivated. 

 The road leading to the Wynaud country runs thi-ough this part. 

 It is plain that it had been more largely cultivated some years back, 

 and had likewise some paddy lands ; but the depredations of wild 

 elephants of late and the diminution of hands have almost laid it 

 desolate. There is a thick forest of teakwood trees on the west of 

 Davaroyaputnum, which extends to a considerable distance even in the 

 Wynaud counti-y ; and on the east of Davaroyaputnum the jungle is 

 interspersed with sandalwood trees. The soil here is fruitful, and 

 the climate is mostly dry and distinguished for unhealthiness. 



The country on the south of the mountains is diversified with hills, 

 mostly high and disposed in ridges, and has likewise a wild aspect. 

 The air about the plain country is warm and healthy than otherwise, 

 but about the hilly parts of Gopenaury and Annacutty is observed to 

 be inhospitable. 



(Signed) WILLIAM KEYS 



