DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



VENTILATION. 



Fresh air is as essential as good food for the health of the cow and for the 

 highest milk yield. A cow requires over 3.500 cubic feet of fresh air per hour, but 

 the question of cubic space in the barn has not much-io do with ventilation. The 

 important point is to provide for a constant and ample renewal of the air in the 

 barn. It is not necessary to install an expensive and complicated system of ventila- 

 tion. In the mild climate of our Coast districts ventilation by means of the windows 

 is quite practicable and inexpensive. : .-r climates, where doors and windows 



are kept shut, the Rutherford system or some similar system can be cheaply installed. 

 The Rutherford system is simple and gives good satisfaction. The flue area per 

 cow should be about 50 square inches. One or two large foul-air flues about 2 feet 

 square are better than many small ones. The large flues give a better draught. 

 They should be smooth on the inside to prevent friction, and give better results if 

 they go straight to the roof without turns. 



Sanitary one-story dairy barn built on to old barn by Messrs. Shannon Bros., Cloverdale, B.C. 

 irn need not be expensive to be sanitary. 



MATERIAL FOB FLOORS. 



Wood floors are the warmest, but are not durable or sanitary. Under the most 

 favourable conditions a wood floor will last from six to ten years. A well-laid 

 cement floor is almost permanent and absolutely sanitary, and costs little more than 

 wood. Concrete, however, is a good conductor of heat, and therefore is cold for the 

 animals to lie on. This objection may be lessened by laying the concrete for the 

 cow-stall on hollow tile and having it higher than the ground outside to keep it dry 

 underneath. Another very good arrangement is to place 2-inch planks directly on 

 the part on which the animals lie. 



To prevent the cows slipping, concrete floors should always be left rather rough. 



ARRANGEMENT OF STALLS. 



There are reasons in favour of the cows facing both in and out. but the most 

 is to be said in favour of two rows of cows facing in. with the feed-passage in the 



