64 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



[February, 



Suspension Bridge at Pesth,—T\iQ Pesth Suspension Bridge, which is 



erected over the Danube at Pesth, was commenced in iH40, acconlint? to the designs and 

 underthe direction of William Tierney Clark, civil engineer, and haa just been compIet;d 

 at a coetof £650.000. This bridge, which for magnitude of design and beauty ot propor- 

 tions stands first among suspension bridges, has a clear waterway of l.'.'MI feet, the 

 centre span or opening being 670 feet The height of the suspension towers from the 

 foundation is 2m feet, being founded in 50 feet of water. The sectional area of the sus- 

 pendirg chains is 5'JO square inches of wrought iron, and the total weight of the sa^ie, 

 1.300 tOHS. This is the first permanent bridge since the time of the Romans which has 

 been erected over the Danube below Vienna, it having been considered impossible to fix 

 the foundations In so rapid a river subject to such extensive floods, and exposed to the 

 enormous force of the ice in the winter season. It now. however, stands aa another 

 monument of the skill and perseverance of our countrymen. The bridge was opened 

 for the first time, not to an ordinary public, but tn a retreating army, on the .ith ot 

 January, 1K4'*. by which the stability of the structure was put to the most severe test, 

 which cannot be better described than by referring to the lettei of a correspondent, who 

 writes-" First came the Hungarians In full retreat and in the greatest disorder, hotly 

 pursued by the victorious Imperialists ; squadrons of cavalry and artillery In full gallop, 

 bucked by thousands of infantry-ln fact, the whole pbtform was one mass of moving 

 soldiers : and during the first two days, 60,000 Imperial trooiis, with 2/0 pieces of cannon 

 passed over the bridge." This fact cannot but be of importance to the scientihc world, 

 since it proves that suspension bridges, when properly constructed and trussed according 

 to the design of Mr. Clark, may be erected in the most exposed places, while their coat 

 iu comparison with stone bridges is insignificant. 



New Railways Opened in the Year 1848.— The ageregate length of new 

 railways opened in England during the year IS^H was 750 miles, consisting of branches 

 and portions of main lines belonging to the following railways :— Bristol and Exeter, 

 5 miles ; Blackburn, Bolton, and West Yorkshire. 9 ; Chester and Holyhead, HO ; East 

 Anglian, 21 ; East Lancashire. 20 ; East Lincolnshire, 48 ; East and West Yorkshire, 16; 

 Kastern Counties, .^0 ; Eastern Union,3; Great Northern, 69; Great Western. 31; 

 Lancashire and Yorkshire. 84^ ; Leeds and Thirsk, I't , Leeds and Dewsbury. 20 ; Liver- 

 pool, Crosby, and Southport, 14. London and Brighton. 10: London and South- 

 Western. 24^: London end North-Western. " ; Newmarket, 18; North-Western, 6 ; 

 Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire. 57; Midland 57; North Staffordshire, 29; 

 Shrewsbury and Chester. 28; South Devon, 27; York. Newcastle, and Berwick,"; York 

 and North Midland, 24^ miles.— The aggregate length of new railways opened in Scot- 

 land during the same period was 299 miles, belonging to the following railways :— Aber- 

 rteen, 17^; Caledonian, 84; Dumfries and Carlisle, 24; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 9^; 

 Edinburgh and Northern, 40 : Glasgow and Ayr, ;ifii ; Gla-igow. Barrbead. and Neilston, 

 8i; North British. 16; Scottish Central, 46 ; and the Scottish Midland, 3;i.— In Ireland 

 the aggregate length of new railways opened in 1^48 was 158 miles, belonging to the fol- 

 lowing railways :— Belfast and Ballymena, .'^; Belfast and County Down. 4^ ; Great 

 Southern and Western, 44; Irish South- Eastern, lOJ; Midland Great Western, 14; 

 Ulster, 11 I Waterford and Kilkenny, 11 ; and Waterford and Limerick, 25.-It would 

 appear, therefore, that the aggregate length of new lines opened for iraiBc in the United 

 Kingdom during the past year was 1,207 miles. 



Lime- Ash Floors.— T\\\^ description of floor has heen in use formany 

 years in several parts of England, and is very durable; we hove seen floors of it in Dor- 

 setshire and Devonshire that have been made for upwards of forty or tiftv years, and 

 were then in a good state. They are made in the following manner :— The ground is 

 first levelled, and o\\ which is laid a mixture of lime ashes, with twice the quantity of fine 

 grit sand, free from large stones or earthy matter. The lime and sand are well incorpo- 

 rated, and then allowed to remain In a heap from Id to 12 days. The mixture is evenly 

 spread over the surface of the ground about 2 to 2i inches deep, and the surface 

 trowelled over in the same way as trowelled stucco is done, and then allowed gradually to 

 dry. Care must be taken that the surface is not damaged before it is perfectly dry. and 

 it would be preferable if the sand were washed. The coat is about l^d. per foot super- 

 ficial. 



LIST OP WEM^ PATENTS. 



GRANTED IN ENGLAND FROM DECEMBER 21, 1848» TO JANUARY 25, 1849, 



Six Months allowed for Enrolment^ unless otherwise expressed. 



William Baker, of Edgbaston, near Birmingham, civil engineer, and John Ramsbottom, 

 of LongslRlit, near Manchester, engineer, for improvements in the construction of rail- 

 way turn-tables, which latter improvements are applicable to certain shafts or axles 

 driven by steam or other motive power. — Sealed Dec. 21, IH4H. 



William Riddle, of White Friar-streel. London, gentleman, for improvments in the 

 construction of ever-pointed pencils, writing and drawing instruments, and in Inkstands 

 or inkholders. — Dec. 21 



Charies Low, of Roseberry-place, Dalston, Middlesex, gentleman, for improvements in 

 smelting copper ore. — Dec. 28. 



George Fergusson Wilson, of Belmont, Vauxhall, Surrey, gentleman, and Charles 

 Humfrey, of Manor-street, Old Kent-road, Surrey, merchant, for improvements in the 

 production of light by burning oleic acid in lamps, and in the construction of lamps, and 

 the manufacture or preparation of oleic acid for that purpose. — Dec. 28. 



William Dingle Chowne, of Connaughi-place West, doctor of medicine, for improve- 

 ments in ventilating rooms and apartments. — Dec. 28 



Moses Poole, of the Patent Office, London, gentleman, for Improvements in the ma- 

 nufacture of heels for boots and shoes, ot swivels, of bag fastenings, of revolving; furni- 

 ture, and of the connection of pipes for gas and other fluids. (A communication.) — 

 Dec. 28. 



John Mitchell, chemist. Henry Alderson, civil engineer, and Thomas Warriner Farmer, 

 of Lyons-wharf, Upper Fore-street, Lambeth, for improvements in smelting copper. — 

 Dec. 28. 



Robert Jobson, of HoUy-hall works, near Dudley, Staffordshire, engineer, for improve- 

 ments in the manufacture of stoves. — Dec. 28. 



Israel Kinsman, of Ludgate-hill. merchant, for Improvements in the construction of 

 rotary engines to be worked by steam, air. or other elastic fluid.— Dec. 28. 



William Edward Newton, of Chaiicery-lane, civil engineer, for certain improvements in 

 Btfam. engines. (A communication.) — Dec. 28. 



William Gilmour Wilson, of Port Dundas, Glasgow, engineer, for Improvements In the 

 formation of moulds, and cores ot moulds, for casting iron and other substances. — 

 Dfc. .'iO. 



William Knapton, of the city of York, iron founder, for certain Improvements in the 

 mode of manufacturing gasometers or gas-holdfrs. — Jhu. ^. 1849. 



William Thomas, of Cbeapslde, London, merchant, lor improvements in the maufac- 

 ture of window blinds. (A communication.)— Jan. 4. 



David Yoolow Stewart, of Montrose, Scotland, iron-founder, for improvements in the 

 ninnufacture of moulds and cores for casting iron and other substances. — Jan. 4 



Henry Francis, of Chelsea, engineer, for Improvements In sawing and cutting wood. — 

 Jan. 4. 



Kobert Munn, of Starch-Head Mill, near Rochdale, Lancaster, cotton. spinner, for cer- 

 tain improvements in looms, and apparatus connected with looms, for weaving various 

 descriptions of textile fabrics.— Jan. 4. 



William Crofton Moat, of Upper Berkeley-street. Middlesex, surgeon, for Improve- 

 ments In engines to be work«d by steam, air, or gas.- Jan. 4. 



John Coope Haddan, of Bloomsbury-aquare, civil engineer, for an Improvement or Im- 

 provments in railway wheels.— Jan. 5. 



Miles Wrigley, of Ashton-under-Lyne, architect, for certain improvements in the ma- 

 nufacture of yeast or barm.— Jan. 11. 



William Edward Newtnn, of Chancery-Une, civil engineer, for a certain improvement 

 or Improvements in the construction of wheels. (A communication.)— Jan. II. 



James Castley, of Harpenden. Hertfordshire, manufacturing chrmlat, for improvements 

 in the manufacture of varnishes from resinous substances.— Jan. 1 1 . 



Robert Urwin, of Ashford, Kent, engineer, for certain improvements in steam-engines, 

 which may. In whole or in part, be applicable to pumps and other machines not worked 

 by steam power. — Jan. 11. 



Obed Blake, of the Thames Plate Glass Company, residing at 13. Southampton-street, 

 Strand, gentleman, fur certain improvements la vtintilating ; or ventilators, for ships, 

 vehicles, houses, or other buildintis. — Jan. 11. 



Francis Hobler, of Bucklersbury, ciiy of London, gentleman, for Improvements in the 

 construction of tue cylinders or barrels of capstans and windlasses. — Jan. Jl. 



Michael Loam, of Treskerley, Cirnwalt, engineer, for improvements in the manufac- 

 ture of fusees. — .Fan. II. 



Christopher Nickels, of the Albiiny-road, Surrey, gentleman, for improvements in pre- 

 paring and manufacturing india-rubber (caoutchouc). — Jan. 11. 



William Rowe. of New-wharf, Whitefriars, city of London, carpenter and joiner, for 

 certain improvements in the mode ol uniting or combining jiipes, or lengths of pipes, 

 tubes, or channels formed of glass, earthenware, cr other similar material.— Jan. U 



William Walker, of Manchester, agent, for certain improvements in machinery or ap- 

 paratus for cleaninii roads or ways, which improvements are also applicable to other 

 similar purposes. — Jan. U. 



Illchard Liming, of Clichy la Garonne, near Paris. France, chrmist, for improvements 

 in the modes of obtaining or manutacturing sulphur ar.d sulphuric acid. — Jan. 13. N.B. 

 —This patent being opposed by caveat, lodged at the Gre.it Seal Patent OffiL-e. wa** not 

 sealed till Jan. l.'ith, 1849; but bears date Sept. 4th. 184-^. the day it would Inive been 

 sealed and dated had no opposition been entered, (By order of th:; Lord Chancellor.) 



William Bctts, cf Smithtield Bars, London, distiller, for a nert' maiK.latlure of capsules, 

 and of a material to be employed therein, arid for other purposes. - Jan, 13. 



George Williams, of Tipton, Staflfjrd, forge manager, for a certain improvement, or 

 certain improvements in preparing puddling furnaces, used in the manufacuire of iron.— 

 Jan. 13. 



Conrad Haverkam Greenhowe, of the city of London, civil engineer, forter.ain improve- 

 ments in atmosplieric railways.— Jan. li. 



Richard Dugda'e, of Brompton, Middlesex, engineer, for iniprovemenis In hardening 

 anicles composed of iron. — -lan. 13. 



Anthony Barberis, of Leicester squara, engineer, for improvements in spinning silk, 

 and in the construction ot swifts, and in the arrangeraent of upparHtua for winding silk 

 and other titbrous subtances.— Jan 13. 



Jean Baptiste Francois Miizeline Aine, of Havre. France, engineer, for improvements in 

 8te;tm-engine8, and in the machinery for propelling vessels. — Jan. 16. 



Wi.liam Martin, of St. Pierre les Calais, France, machinist, for ceitain improvements in 

 machinery for tiguring textile fabrics, parts of which improvements ire applicable to phiy- 

 ing certain musical instruments, and aiso to printing, and other like purpo^es— Jan. Ifi. 



Peter Augustine Gorlefroy. late of Shepton Mallett, Somersetshire, now of 31, Wilsan- 

 street, Fiiisbury, chemical colour nianufaclurer, tor certain improvements in drtfsslug and 

 finishing woven fabrics.— Jan. \6. 



Edward Buchler. of the city of London, merchant, for improvements in the manufac- 

 ture of boots and shoes ; also applicable toother fabtics.—Jan. 16. 



Carey McClellan, of March Mount, Londonderry, Ireland, for an improved corn-mi I. 

 Jan. 16. 



James Hamilton, of London, civil engineer, for certain improvements in cutting wood.— 

 Jan. 18 



John Francis B >ttom, of Nottingham Park, lace dresser, and John Dearman Dunni- 

 clitr. of Hysnn Green. Nottingham, lace manufacturer, tor improvements in dressing or 

 geiting up fabrics of cotton or silk, and of cotton and silk combined.— Jan. IS. 



Francis Al on Calvert, of Manchrster, machinist, for certain improvements in machinery 

 for cleani.ig and preparng cotton, wool, and other fibrous substances.— Jan. 18. 



Thomas Newcomb, of Bemiondsey, machinist, fjr certain improvements in furnaces.— 

 Jan. 18. 



William Boggett, of St. Mar. in's lane, Middlesex, manufacturer, for improvements in 

 methods and machinery for obtaining and applying motive power. -Jan. 2U. 



Henry Bernoulli Bariow, of Manchester. consultinK engineer, for improvements In the 

 manulaciure of cut pil.d fabrics, and iu machinery or apparatus applicable thereto. (A 

 communication.) — Jan. 20. 



Samuel Brown, the younger, of Lambeth. Surrey, engineer, for 'mproved apparatus for 

 measuring and registering the flow of liquids, and of substances in a running slate, whivh 

 a|,paratu8 «re in part also applicable to nioiive purposes. — Jan. 2fi. 



Henry Needham, of Vine-street, Piccadilly, Westminster, gunmaker, for certain im- 

 provements in fire-arms.— Jan. 2U. 



Thomas Robinson, of Leeds. Hax-dresser, for Improvements in mcrhincry .'or breaking, 

 scutching, cutting, heckling, dressing, combing, carding, drawing, lovinic. Rnd spinniiiif 

 flex, hemp, tow, wool, silk, and other fibrous substances, aid iu unitiug ubrous substan- 

 ces. — Jan. 23. 



Chiries de Bergue. of Arthur-street west, in the city of London, engineer, for improve- 

 ments in steam-engines, in pumps, and In springs lor railway and other purposes.— 

 Jan. '2\K 



Kdward Slaughter, of the Avonslde Iron Works, Bristol, engineer, for Improvements in 

 marine steam-engines. —Jan. 23. 



Refs Reece, of London, chemist, for improvements in treating peat, and obtaining pro- 

 ducts theretrom.— J.in, 23. 



Charles Henri Paris, of P;iris, for improvements in preventing the oxidating of iron. 

 {A communication.)- Jan. 23. 



William Henry Marluw, ot Derby, civil engineer, for Improvements in the construction 

 of permanent ways tor railways.- Jan. 23. 



Kichmd Johnson, of Biackbuin, Lancaster, gentleman, for certain improvements in 

 the manufacture of mel'ed grain, and in vinous termentation ; also improvements io 

 brewing, and In the machinery or apparatus connected with the above or similar pro- 

 cesses. — Jan. 23. 



Wakefield Piin, of Kingston upon Hull, engine and boiler maker, for certain improve- 

 ments in propelling ships and vessels — Jan 25. 



Robert Shaw, of Portlaw, Waterford, cotton spinner, and Samael Fletcher Cottam, of 

 Manchester, mJchinist, for certain improvements in machinery for preparing, spinnioy, 

 and doubling cotton, wool, flux, .silk, and similar fibrous materials — Jan. 25. 



John Talbot Tyler, of the firm of Ashmead an i Tyler. Mount street, Grosvenor-square, 

 hatters, for cerLaiu improvements \u bats, caps, and bat cases. — Jan. 25. 



