250 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL, 



£AcouaT, 



being an end elevation of the rollers, the upper part representing 

 the liydraiilic apparatus, being in s-ectiun; and fig. 2, a vertical 

 section of the hydraulic apparatus and the framing, taken through 

 the centre line of tlie rollei's. A, the framing, constructed in the 

 manner usually adopted in ordinary rolling-mills; B, the bearings 

 of the lower roller, stationary upon the framing, as usual ; but tliose 

 E, of the upper roller C, are moveable, by sliding vertically in the 

 grooves D; and for the purpose of placing the bearings E, within 

 their respective grooves, portions of the frame A, in front of the 

 grooves, are made moveable, as sliown at a; and when tlie bearings 

 E, are placed within the grooves, these pieces a, are secured in 

 their places. Upon the upper part of the framing A, is placed the 

 head containing the liydraulic apparatus; and this consists of the 

 cylindrical chamber F, to contain the water or other fluid em- 

 ployed. Into this chamber passes the solid ram or piston II; the 

 rod I, of which passes downward loosely tlirough the screw K, to 

 the bearing E, of the upper roller, against the upper side of which 

 the end of it bears. The ram H, passes into the chamber E, in a 

 fluid-tight mannei-, by means of the paclving and the packing-ring 

 or plate L, which is secured by screw-bolts N. The regulating 

 valve, when opened, allows a stream of the fluid to pass from the 

 chamber E, to the discharge-pipe O, by which it is carried oif. 

 The quantity of the fluid discharged by this valve will depend 

 upon the extent to which it may be opened; and this can be regu- 

 lated to the greatest nicety by means of the screw and wheel- 

 handle P. The purpose of the valve is to regulate the flow of 

 fluid from the chamber E; and thereby, by allowing the upper 

 roller to recede from the lower one, to shape the bar passing be- 

 tween the rollers of the taper form required. As the smaller in 

 quantity the stream of fluid which flows from the chamber E, the 

 less will be the taper of the bar rolled; the taper being greater 

 when the flow is larger in quantity. As the fluid employed in the 

 chamber is water, or some other of practical incompressibilitj', the 

 rise of the piston H, into the chamber E, will depend upon the 

 quantity of fluid discharged, and consequently, the receding of 

 the upper roller from the lower. Q, is another valve, the exit 

 from which flows into the discharge-pipe O. This valve is re- 

 tained in its seat by means of a powerful spring, and is only in- 

 tended to act under great pressure, to prevent injury to the appa- 

 ratus; — it is, in fact, a safety-valve. 



After a taper bar has been rolled, the upper roller again ap- 

 proaches the lower one, resuming its former situation; and to 

 allow the piston to descend with it, it is requisite a quantity of 

 water should be passed into the chamber, equal to the quantity ex- 

 pelled through the valve X; and this is accomplished through the 

 valve R, from the feed-pipe S. At the back of the valve N, is a 

 slight helical spring, for the purpose of closing the valve against 

 its seat — immediately upon the flow of fluid through it ceasing. 

 This takes place upon the rolled bar leaving the rollers; the valve 

 not being attached to the screw, allowing it. The use of the screw 

 will be explained hereafter. 



In rolling taper bars by this apparatus, the workman regulates 

 the flow of fluid from the chamber F, by means of the valve and 

 screw, and which by a little experience, he is enabled to do with 

 facility and with great accuracy; the bars in passing between the 

 rollers assume the taper form, by reason of the upper roller re- 

 ceding from the lower one, the passing of the piston II, into the 

 chamber F, admitting of this elevation, and the extent of that 

 elevation being regulated by the discharge of fluid from it past 

 the valve N; the bar being rolled, it ])asses from between the 

 rollers, the upper roller again approaching the lower one to its 

 original situation. The flow of fluid'from the chamber F, is sus- 

 pended, the valve N, closes by means of the spring, and a supply 

 of fluid is adniitted to the chamber, by the valve R, pre])aratory to 

 another bar being ]>assed between the rollers. The rollers B, and 

 C, are of the ordinary construction. The patentee describes a 

 modification of the above-described mode of efi"ecting the same 

 object: in place of employing the hydraulic apparatus described, 

 he employs an eccentric, or heart-shaped cam, fixed upon a revolv- 

 ing horizontal shaft; to effect the rise of the upper roller, a rod 

 somewhat similar to the rod I, already described, bears against the 

 upper side of the bearing of tlie upper roller, and the other end 

 against the periphery of the cam — the movement of the cam al- 

 lowing the upper roller to rise. When it is required to roll a bar 

 whicli shall be taper for only a portion of its length, the remaining 

 portion being parallel, the screw K, is brought into operation, 

 whicli is to be screwed up or down, as required, until it assumes 

 such a situation that, by the time a length of the bar, equal to the 

 taper part requii-ed, shall have passed between the rollers, the 

 upper side of the bearing of the upper roller comes against the 

 under side of the screw; thus preventing all further separation of 



the rollers. The remainder of the bar will consequently be parallel. 



The patentee claims: First — The application to rolling ma- 

 chinery generally, of apparatus which will allow the bearings of 

 one of the compressing rollers to rise gradually in the framing 

 during the operation of rolling, and by this means admitting of 

 ta])er forms of bars being produced witli facility equal to parallel 

 bars. 



Secondly — The arrangement, construction, and adaptation of the 

 hydraulic apparatus described to machinery, for rolling iron, or 

 other metals, l>y which the compressing rollers are caused to sepa- 

 rate gradually, for the purpose of rolling, and forming bars of 

 taper form, &c. 



Thirdly — The modification of the apparatus consisting of an ec- 

 centric, or heart-shaped cam, which, levolving, is employed. to 

 regulate the gradual separation of the rollers described. 



Foui'thly — The adjusting screws in connection with the other 

 apparatus, for the purpose of rolling and forcing the bars of met;il 

 taper for a portion of their length, and parallel for the remaining 

 portion. 



CORRUGATED IRON BEAMS 



John Henderson Pokter, of 2, Adelaide-place, London-bridge, 

 in the city of London, engineer, for '■'■an improved mode of apph/ing 

 corrugiited iron in the formtition of fire-proof floors^ roofs^ and other 

 like structures." — Granted December 2, 1848; Enrolled June 2, 

 1819. 



This invention relates to the construction of fire-proof floors, 

 roofs, and similar structures, with two or more plates of corru- 

 gated iron, placed one over the other, — the corrugations of one 

 plate being so situated with reference to the corrugations of the 

 other, that, when the plates are riveted or bolted together, they 

 will form a series of united tubular ribs; which ribs are to be used 

 either in a horizontal, arched, or inclined position, as joists, beams, 

 ribs, rafters, or other like supports. 



Fig. 1. 



Fig. 2. 



Figs. 1, and 2, represent end views of two difl^erent forms of 

 corrugated plates, which may be used for the purposes above- 

 mentioned, — the plates being united by rivets at «, a. The form 

 of corrugation may be varied; but that preferred by the patentee 

 is shown at fig.'S. 



Fig. 3 represents a section of corrugated plates forming a united 

 series of tubular horizontal beams or joists, and applied to the for- 

 mation of a level boarded and ceiled floor. For this purpose, the 

 corrugations or grooves in tlie upper side of the top plate mav be 

 filled with concrete b; the flooring boards c, are nailed to fillets 

 of wood d, which are laid across the upper parts or ridges of 

 the corrugated plate, and secured at internals by bolts e, and nuts 

 /; and, in order to form the ceiling, fillets of wood g, are secured 

 by bolts /t, and nuts i, to the under side of the lower plate, at 

 suitaole intervals; and to these are nailed the laths /, which receive 

 the plaster Ic, in the ordinary way. Instead of bolts the plates 

 may be united by rivets. 



BRIDGE GIRDERS 



John G.\nnNEB, of Wokingham, Berkshire, engineer, for "/m- 

 pruvcmcnts in girders for bridges and other structures." — Granted 

 December 0, 1848; Enrolled June 9, 1819. 



The improvement relates to girders, beams, bars, or bearings, 

 employed in engineering, building, and architectural structures, 

 for bridges, viaducts, aqueducts, railways, archways, dock-gates, 

 roofings, and floorings; and consists in making the same of cast- 

 iron, with a strengthening bar or bars of wrought-iron embodied 

 or dovetailed into the same. 



Fig. 1 is a side view of part of a girder; fig. 2 shows the under 

 side of the same; fig. 3 is a section on the line a, b, of fig. 1 ; and 



