1844.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



21 



directing attention this way, and we have, accordingly, not only made 

 these few nmarks, but in furtherance of the subject, published else- 

 where the lectures by Professor Brande, on agricultural chemistry. 



BEVELLING INSTRUMENT FOR JOINERS. 



The Silver Isis Medal was presented to Mr. Thomas Quarm, 

 32, Wood Street, Princes Road, Lambeth, for a Bevelling Instru- 

 ment/or Joiners, (Reported in the Transactions o/ the Society of 

 Jirts, London.) 



Mr. Quarm in his extensive practice in the finer parts of joinery, 

 oft-times required a tool to answer the many purposes to which the 

 one here explained may be applied. It will be found a valuable ac- 

 quisition where any two angles when applied together are to form 

 right angles. In a shop door the margins below the middle rail are 

 at all times different from those above, which are required to form 

 the sash. This causes the shoulder of the rail to be at a bevel, to 

 meet the stile in the angle on the upper and lower edges of the rail, 

 the angles on the reverse side of the door always varying to some 

 extent ; therefore, the angle of the shoulder would require to be dif- 

 ferent, as the case may require. By fixing the blade to the given 

 angle, and by applying the reverse leg of the tool to the other piece, 

 the line to cut to would be immediately given, so that, when applied 

 together, they would be at right angles to each other as required, and, 

 in the same way, the angles of the other side of the door would be 

 given, therefore working with it with as much certainty as though the 

 shoulders were square. Again, as all mitre squares hitherto con- 

 structed are subject to the change of atmosphere, and never correct, 

 it would be a very unhandy tool if the blade were made of any length, 

 answering only to one angle, if constructed with one leg only, how- 

 ever inaccurate the tool might be, the error would be increased two- 

 fold when applied together. Both pieces would be fitted to the 

 one leg in the present tool by moving the blade round to 45"^, being so 

 far as it will go; the fitting of one piece to one leg, and the other 

 piece to the other leg, would, with certainty, form right angles when 

 applied together; for, whatever might be the deficiency on the one 

 side, would be made up on the other, if any. Again, by moving the 

 blade in a straight line with the one leg, it will form right angles with 

 the other, and may be used as a square in case of necessity. It will 

 be found a very useful appendage to the drawing-board, to draw any 

 given line to a certain angle required, without the assistance of a 

 sector or scale; also as a bevel in isometrical and other perspective. 

 The graduation beyond 45° is not continued, as any greater angle may 

 be obtained on the reverse leg by going from right to left, instead of 

 from left to right. 

 Description. — Fig. 1 shows a front view, and Fig. 2 a side view 



of the instrument, on quarter the 

 original size, by the aid of which 

 any two angular pieces of fram- 

 ing required to form a right 

 angle may be accurately put to- 

 gether. A is the stock, composed 

 of brass or gun-metal, to prevent 

 the action of the atmosphere on 

 it, so as to preserve its shape 

 accurately ; B, the blade, turning 

 on the centre-pin C, altogether 

 about 24 in. in length ; D, a set 

 screw, working in a groove E E, to 

 allow of the blade being fixed at 

 any given angle. 



Fixed mitre-bevels, when made with one leg only, frequently vary 

 from the angle of 45°, or half a right angle, so that when two pieces 

 which have been set out by such a tool are applied together, their in- 

 correctness is increased two-fold; whereas, in Mr. Quarra's tool, that 

 difficulty is obviated by the use of the short end of the blade ; for 

 when the long end thereof is fixed at about 45°, whatever mav be the 

 variation in the angle set out by the longer portion of the blade, the 

 two pieces when applied togctlier will form a right angle. It will 

 also be found accurate in setting out the shoulders of the diminished 

 rail of sash-doors, and will likewise answer for a square, a common 

 bevel, and a true mitre-bevel. 



NEW ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH, " ST. GEORGE," AT LAMBETH. 



This building, which is situated in Westminster bridge road, opposite the 

 Blind Asylum and Betlilehem Hospital, is rapidly approaching completion. 

 The foundation stone was laid in April, 1840, on which occasion the church 

 was dedicated to St. George, the tutelar saint of England. It is the largest 

 ecclesiastical edifice devoted to the Roman Catholic worship that has been 

 constructed since the Reformation, when Henry VIII. destroyed and reduced 

 the majority of the Catholic establishments. lU external dimensions are 

 250 ft. long by 84 ft. broad. The height of the tower at the west end at 

 present is 60 ft., but when completed its extreme elevation will he 330 ft. above 

 the ground level. The style of architecture throughout the liiilding is the 

 decorated Gothic. The tower is most substantially built with C:;en stone 

 dressings, its wails averaging nine feet in thickness. It contains a helfry 

 with room for a peal of eight bells. On each side of the tower are duable 

 belfry windows, decorated with mitres, parapets, pinnacles, &c., and when 

 funds shall admit, it is intended to ornament the walls with 100 statues of 

 saints and martyrs. The tower will be surmounted by a steeple, built after 

 the pattern of the magnificent spire of Salisbury Cathedral, and will be ter- 

 minated by a large cross. The interior height of the churcli, from floor to 

 ceiUng, is 57 ft. The length of the nave in the clear is 100 ft., by 72 ft. 

 broad; the chancel is 40 ft. long, by 20 ft broad. Over the entrance to the 

 chancel is a richly carved oak screen, and a rood loft in the form of a cross, 

 on eacli side of which will be placed statues of the blessed virgin and St. John. 

 From either side of the rood loft ascends a spiral staircase, terminating exter- 

 nally in two turrets decorated with crockets, figures, and other ornamental 

 work. Each turret is elevated 40 ft. above the ceiling. A carved stone pul- 

 pit will be placed at a short distance from the chancel screen. Adjoining the 

 chancel, on each side, are two small chapels for altars, over which are to be 

 placed stained glass windows. The chancel window is very large, measuring 

 30 ft. I)y 18 ft. ; the mullions are of stone, with rich foliage ; the interstices 

 will be filled with stained glass of various colours, the subject is the root of 

 Jesse, or genealogy of our Lord. It is the gift of the Earl of Shrewsbury, 

 and will cost i"500. Underneath will be placed the principal altar, which will 

 be decorated with statues of saints and bishops. Another large window is 

 placed iu the tower opposite the chancel window, and is considered a fine 

 specimen of the decorated style of architecture. The church contains in all 

 28 windows. 



The roof is constructed of carved stained timber, which will be stencilled 

 in various colours and devices. The mode in which the roof has been built is 

 a modification of the manner anciently observed in the building of large 

 edifices. Instead of covering the rafters of the ceiling with lath and plaster, 

 to form a basis on which to construct the decorative work, as is usually done 

 in modern buildings, the rafters themselves subserve ornamental purposes, by 

 which means considerable expense is avoided, and beauty is combined with 

 utility. The roof is supported by two rows of fluted stone pillars, consisting 

 of eight in each row. The pillars are 18 ft. in height, and will be finished 

 by capitals elaborately wrought in fine stone, carved in rich foliage, and con- 

 nected one with anotlier by small intercolumniations, in the form of arches, 

 rising from the capitals to the rafters. The floor of the nave and aisles will 

 be covered with red and blue Staffordshire tiles, each tile measuring six 

 inches in the square. The chancel and side chapels are to be paved with en- 

 caustic tiles east iu different shapes and of various colours. At the south- 

 west corner of the south aisle will be placed the large and richly ornamented 

 baptismal font carved in Caen stone. The interior of the church is not ob- 

 structed by galleries ; the only projections are the organ-loft and two small 

 galleries for the choir over the two side doorways at the east end. No pews 

 or closed seats will be allowed, but open benches will be placed down the 

 aisles, constructed with low backs, so as to afford an unobstructed view of 

 the interior. The seats will yield ample accommodation for 7,000 persons. 

 The bare cost of erecting the building will be jE20,000, but it is expected 

 that a sum of £40,000 will be necessary to complete all the contemplated 

 embelUshments and improvements, including the tower and spire. 



At the east end of the church is a large sacristy, and adjoining at the north 

 east corner are cloisters, which connect the edifice with a presbytery, con- 

 taining a spacious dining-room, and affording accommodation for several 

 priests. Abutting on this is a convent for the Sisters of Mercy, and a school 

 for 300 children. The convent is fitted up with kitchens, refectory, dormi- 

 tories, a small chapel with a belfry, and will furnish an abode for 13 Sisters 

 of Mercy ; whose charity and kind oftices will be distributed indiscriminately 

 among the members of all religious deaou^iaatious who may need asiistance. 



