48 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



[Jan. 27, 



competition, for success in which, interest could no longer be looked to, but 

 thcv must depend on their own merits. They might rely upon it, that they 

 must not be below the age, nay, they must not be merely equal to the age, 

 but they must be in advance of the age, if they wished to maintam that po- 

 sition which, as architects, they ought to hold in the public estimation. Mr. 

 Donaldson then proceeded to read several of the questions, whicli all related 

 to nractical points with which it is requisite candidates should be acquainted, 

 as the nature of the different cements, the mode of constructing sewers, 

 shoring bouses, &c. 

 The meeting then adjourned to Monday, February 6. 



THE ROYAL SCOTTISH SOCIETY OF ARTS. 



Jamary 8.— Geo. Bdchanan, Esq., F.R.S.E., Vice-President in the chair. 



The following communications were made : — 



1 0(1 the Comparative Value of different kinds of Parrot Coal for yielding 

 Gas &c. By Andrew Fyfe, M.D., F.K.S.E. In this paper the author laid 

 before the Society the results of experiments which he had undertaken, with 

 the view of ascertaining the comparative illuminating power of gas from dif- 

 ferent kinds of parrot coal ; and also, whether gas is altered in its quality by 

 its transit through the street pipes. The coals used were those from Lesma- 

 hagow, Monkland, Knightswood, and Skaterig, in the west of Scotland ; lor- 

 lyburn and Wemyss, in Fifeshire; and those from the Marquis of Lothian s, 

 from Dryden and Arniston, in the neighliourhood of Edinburgh— being, m 

 all ten varieties. Taking the average of the different trials, the comparative 

 illuminating power of the gases, as ascertained by the usual tests, was as fol- 

 jows .—For equal consumpts of gas— Skaterig, 1 ; Knightswood, 1 ; Marquis 

 of Lothian's (B), 1-76 ; Torryburn, 1-8 ; Marquis of Lothian's (A), 1-9 ; Les- 

 mahagow (F), 2 ; Lesmahagow (D), 2-48 ; Monkland, 25 ; Arniston, 2-9 ; 

 Wemyss, 3. The coals above-mentioned were found to yield different 

 quantities of gas, and, taking this into consideration, along with the 

 difference in the illuminating power, the comparative value of the coals 

 for yielding gas, without having any reference to the other products, 

 such as the ammoniacal liquor, the naphtha, &c., was— Knightswood, 1 ; 

 Skaterig, M2; Marquis of Lothian's (B), 1-8; Marquis of Lothian's (A), 

 2-1 • Lesmahagow (F), 2-2 ; Torryburn, 2-2; Monkland, 2-8; Wemyss, 3-4; 

 Arniston, 3-4 ; Lesmahagow (D), 3-5. The second object of inquiry was 

 to ascertain whether the gas is affected in its quality by passing through 

 the pipes to the place of consumption. For this purpose the illuminating 

 power of gas in different towns was tried at the manufactory, and at the 

 greatest distance to which it was conveyed. At the Edinburgh works the 

 gas was found, by a particular test, to indicate an illuminating power, as 

 13-16 ; at the distance of a mile it was 14. In other trials, the distance 

 from the works being three miles, the results were as 13-5 and 12-5 ; in 

 others, as 14 and 14. Similar results were obtained in other towns. In one 

 place, 'at the distance of six miles from the manufactory, they were as 14-75 

 and 14-25. From these and other experiments. Dr. Fyfe concluded, that if 

 there is any diminution in the illuminating power of gas when carried to a 

 distance from the gas-works, it is so very trifling as to be altogether unworthy 



of notice. ,. r t,- 



2. Description and Drawing of an Improved Apparatus for Levelling small 

 Tlieodolites. By Mr. Johk Sang, land-surveyor, Kirkaldy. The apparatus 

 exhibited is an elegant addition to the theodolite, and renders the instrument 

 much more easily and quickly adjusted to the level, one baud being only 

 needed in place of two, and, when once brought to the level in one direction, 

 requiring no second adjustment, from the disturbing influence of the other 

 screws at ri^ht angles, which render the usual method so tedious and trouble- 

 some. The°apparatus was not only invented, but constructed in so perfect a 

 manner by Mr. Sang, that it eUcited praise from opticians who were present. 

 Referred to a committee. 



3. Model and Description of an Improved Double-acting Cross-cut Saw. 

 By Mr. Robert Dick, wood- forester, Scone. 



LIST OP WE'W PATENTS. 



(From Messrs. Robertson's List.) 



CHANTED IN ENGLAND PROM DECEMBER 28, 1843, TO JANUARY 23, 1844. 



Six Months allowed for Enrolment, unless otherwise expressed. 



Richard Archibald Brooman, of the Patent Office, 166, Fleet Street, Lon- 

 don, gent., for " Improvements in figure weaving machinery. (A communi- 

 cation.) — Sealed December 28. 



Thomas Murray Gladstone, of Swan Garden Iron Works, Wolverhanapton, 

 iron master, for '• Improvements in machines for cutting or shearing iron or 

 other metals, which improvements are applicable to other like purposes. 

 Dec. 28. 



George Benjamin Thorneycroft, of Wolverhampton, iron master, for " A 

 machine for rolling, squeezing, or compressing puddled balls qf iron, and also 

 for crushing or grinding other substances." Dec. 28. 



Robert Noyes Elven, of Southampton Street, Camberwell, shoemaker, for 

 Improvements iji the manrnfacture qf boots, shoes, galoshei, and clog», which 



improvements are applicable to the manufacture of leather hose and buckets." 

 Dec. 28. 



Henry Lowcock, of Westerland, Devon, yeoman, for " Improvemetils m 

 ploughs." Dec. 28. 



Edward Budd, of Swansea, Glamorgan, copper merchant, and William 

 Morgan of the same place, refiner of copper, for " Improvements in treating 

 or reducing of copper ores, and in the construction of furnaces for treating 

 such ores, part of which improvements are applicable to other ores." Dec. 28. 

 George Gwynne, of Regent Street, gent., and George Fergusson Wilson, of 

 Belmont, Vauxhall, gent., for " improvements in the manufacture of caudles, 

 and in treating fatly and oily matters, to obtain products for the manufac- 

 ture of candles and other uses." Dec. 28. 



James Champion, of Salford, Lancaster, machinist, and Thomas Marsden, 

 of the same place, machine-maker, for " improvements in drawing and spin- 

 ning cotton and other fibrous substances." Dec. 28. 



Alexander Denoon, of Adams Court, Broad Street, London, merchant, for 

 " improvements in the mode of making carbonate of soda." Jan. 1. 



Alexander Denoon, of Adams Court, Broad Street, London, merchant, for 

 " improvements in the mode of making muriate of ammonia." Jan. 1. 



William Longmaid, of Plymouth, Devon, accountant, for " an improvement 

 in the manufacture of copper, tin, zinc, and peroxide of iron." Jan. 1. 



John Hinks, George Wells, and Joseph Finnemore, all of Birmingham, 

 Warwick, metallic penmakers, for "improvements in the manufacture of 

 metallic pens, andin machines for manufacturing metallic pens." Jan. 4. 



William Wright, of Duke Street, St. James's, Middlesex, surgeon, for " im- 

 provements in rendering leather skins or hides impervious to wet, more flexible, 

 and more durable." Jan. 11. 



Laurence Hill, jun., of Glasgow, civil engineer, for " improvements m ma- 

 chinery for manufacturing shoes for horses and animals." (A communication.) 



—Jan. II. , ,.,,,. 



William Hale, of Woolwich, Kent, engineer, for " improvementsmrockets. 



* Robert Foulerton, of the Jamaica coffee-house, Cornhill, London, master 

 mariner, for " improved machinery for moving vessels, and other floating ap- 

 paratus." Jan. 13. , .^ ^, r 



Anthony Movillon de Glimes, of Panton Street, Haymarket, gentlemen, for 

 " improvements in apparatus for propelling vessels on water, and also in ma- 

 chinery capable of communicating manual power to work the same, which 

 machinery is also applicable to raising heavy bodies, and exerting power for 

 various other purposes." Jan 13. 



Henry Bessemer, of Baxter House, St. Pancras, engineer, for " a new pig- 

 ment or paint, and the method of preparing the same, part of which method 

 is also applicable to the preparing aiul treating of oils, turpentine, varnishes, 

 and gold size, when employed to fix metallic powders, and metal leaf, or as a 

 means of protecting the same." Jan. 13. 



James Lindley, of Cranbourne Street, Middlesex, gent., for " improvements 

 in coffins." Jan. 16. ,„,.„• i 



Thomas Aspinwall, of Bishopsgate Church-yard, Esq., for " an improved 

 cannon, formed either of wrought iron, or steel, or wrought iron and steel 

 combined, and also instruments and machinery used in making, and method of 

 making the said cannon." Jan. 16. .... 



Charles Cameron, of Liverpool, chemist, for " improvemetSti m eiftinguish- 

 ing fires in buildings." Jan. 16. . . 



Benjamin Cheverton, of Pratt Street, Camden Town, sculptor in ivory, 

 for " improvements in machinery for cutting wood and other materials. 



Jan. 16. . ., , , ,, • 



WiUiam Edward Newton, of Chancery Lane, rava engineer, for improve- 

 ments in machinery or apparatus for facilitating the tracing and copying of 

 designs, drawings, and etchings ofaU kinds, either of the original size or upon 

 an enlarged or reduced scale." (A communication.)— Jan. 16. 



William Watson, jun., of Leeds, manufacturing chemist, for " improve, 

 ments in the manufacture ef sulphate, muriate, and other salts of ammonia. 



WilUam Nichol, of Edinburgh, printer, for "improvements in lithographic, 

 and other printing presses." Jan. 16. , 



John Fielding Empson, of Birmingham, manufacturer, for " improvements 

 in the construction and manufacture of buttons, and other fastenings for 



dress." Jan. 16. , ,., r ■ r„. 



WilUam Basford, of Burslem, Stafford, brick and tile manufacturer, for 

 " improvements in the mode of manufacturing bricks, tiles, quarries, and 

 certain other articles made or composed of brick, earth, and of burning and 

 firing the same, and certain articles of pottery and earthenware. Jan. <!J. 



Claude Francois Jules Petit, of Regent Street, merchant, for " improve, 

 ments in fastenings for gloves." (A communication.)— Jan. -3. 



Samuel Wright, of Shelton, in the Staffordshu-e Potteries, for " a manu- 

 facture of ornamental tiles, bricks, and quarries for floor pavements, ana 

 other purposes. (Being an extension of former letters patent for the term ot 

 seven years, from the 26th instant.) , „ . 



Thomas Nash, of Paul's Cray, Kent, paper manufacturer, for improve- 

 ments in the machinery for the manufacture of paper.' Jan. 23. 



Henry Davies, of Norbury, Stafford, engineer, for " improvemeiits in the 

 construction of vessels for conveying goods or passengers on wateri also certain 

 improved arrangements of machinery fo recommunicatmg motion to mchv^ 

 I sek." Jan. 25. 



