1S44.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



153 



CHIMNEY FLUE3, 



William Denlet, of Hans Place, Sloane Street, Middlesex, -Bricklayer, 

 for " Improvements in the construction of fire places, flues and chimnles. '—Granted 

 September 21, 1843; enrolled March 21, 1S44. 



This invention consists first in an improved method or methods of sup- 

 plying air to the fire place, to support combustion and draft, and also in 

 the construction of a hollow breast plate for the fire place, which hollow 

 breast plate is placed above or at the upper part of the fire place, and is sup- 

 plied with cold air, which air becomes warmed therein and is then allowed to 

 issue into the flue, and thereby assist or increase the draft up the chimney, 

 and prevent it from smoking; and secondly, in constructing flues or chim- 

 neys, or flues of a series of earthenware tubes or pipes, either round, ovular, 

 or of any other convenient form, and set in brickwork in a peculiar manner; 

 these tubes or pipes the patentee prefers to make of Stourhndge clay or 

 other suitable material, glazed inside to prevent as much as possible the ad- 

 hesion of soot ; and thirdly, in the peculiar construction of downward flues 

 leading from each chimney and fire place to the basement story of a house, 

 whereby the chimney can be swept, and the dust and ashes from the fire 

 place removed, without the necessity of entering the room. 



FiB. I. 



Fig. 2. 



Fig. 1, is a sectional elevation of four fire places constructed according to 

 th's invention ; a a n a, are the fuur fire places, and b b b b, the ascending 

 flues tor smoke ; c c c, the descending flues for soot and ashes, all ot which 

 are connected together, and empty themselves of soot, &,c. into the bo.\ d ; 

 e e, is an air pipe which passes underneath the flour of the basement story, 

 and communicates with the atmosphere; this air pipe is provided with 

 branch pipes, shown in dotted lines, for supplying the fires with air. Fig. 2, 

 shows a transverse section of one of the fire places ; /, is a perloratcd plate, 

 which the inventor terms a hollow breast plate, and communicates with the 

 air pipe t, the object being to increase the draft, by a current of air passing 

 through the perforated plate, situate just at the entrance of the chimney ; 

 g, is a branch pipe fixed to the end of the branch pipe leailing from tlie air 

 pipe for regulating the supply of air, which it will be seen is admitted under- 

 neath, and at ihe back of the fire grate, as well as in front in the ordinary 

 manner. 



When it is required to sweep the chimney it will be necessary to turn the 

 register plate so as to cover the fire place, when a communication will be 



formed between the ascending and descending flues, and the operation of 

 sweeping the chimney commenced at the top and swept downwards, driving 

 the soot into the box d. The inventor claims first the construction of chim- 

 nies or soot flues and downward flues, as above described, ofan ovular, cylin- 

 drical, or other conveniently shaped earthenware tubes set in brickwork. 

 Secondly, the employment of a hollow breast plate above the fire place, and 

 supplying it with air, as above described ; and also the peculiar method of 

 supplying air to the fire for combustion, and to the soot flue or chimney for 

 increasing or assisting the draft. 



DRYING OF BRICKS AND TILES. 



John Ainsue, of Redheugh, near Dalkeith, North Britain, Farmer, for 

 " A new or improved mode of drying tiles, bricks, retorts, and such like work 

 made from clan "nd other plastic siiis^awces."— Granted September 30, 1843 ; 

 enrolled March 30, 1844. 



The object of this invention is to dry tiles, bricks, &c., made from clay, 

 during the winter and unseasonable parts of the year, by means of artificial 

 heat and a current of air, which removes Ihe vapour from the tiles and bricks 

 as it accumulates, thereby preventing the evaporation being checked. The 

 bricks, &cc. to be dried ate placed upon carriages provided with shelves ; these 

 carriages, which may be placed upon a railroad, are then run into a closed 

 shed or chamber, heated by means of flues passing underneath the floor, or 

 by steam, or the circulation of hot water, or the admission of heated air 

 through small apertures, to about 80° Fahr. The close chamber being heated 

 by any convenient means as above. Cold air may be admitted at certain 

 apertures so as to regulate the temperature of the room , and in order to re- 

 move the vapour as it rises from the tiles, &c., an artificial current may be 

 formed by means of a fanner, worked by steam or horse power, or other me- 

 chanical means, as will be well understood. The patentee prefers the current 

 of air to be worked about six feet per second ; but this, together with the 

 temperature, may be increased, taking care that it be not too high, so as to 

 crack the clay when drying. 



IMPROVEIMENTS IN FURNACES. 



John George Boomer, of Manchester, Engineer, for "Improvements in 

 grates, furnaces and boilers, and also in manufacturing or working iron or other 

 metals, and in machinery connected therewith."— Grmled October 5, 1843 ; 

 enrolled April 4, 1841. 



The first improvements consist in making moveable fire bars, which tra- 

 verse from front to back of the furnace, carrying the coals along with them, 

 and which are supplied by means of a hopper situated in front of the fur- 

 nace. At each side and parallel with the ash pit there is a pair of screws, 

 one of which is placed a few inches above the other ; these screws are made 

 of cast iron and answer the purpose of bearings for the furnace bars, the 

 ends of the bars resting within the threads of the screws, which threads are 

 cut at the commencement of the screws regular and true, but on approaching 

 the farther or opposite end they are made irregular, commonly called 

 " drunken threaded," so that on giving a rotary motion to the screws, the 

 furnace bars will he simultaneously and steadily carried along, from front 

 towards the back or farther end of the furnace, until they come to that part 

 of the thread in the screws which is made drunken, when they will have an 

 undulatory motion, and which will have the efi-ect of preventing the clinkers 

 accumulating, and free the embers Irom ashes. At the ends of the screws 

 there is a cam which presses the bars as they arrive at the end of the screws 

 from the upper pair of screws to the lower pair, which latter carry the fire 

 bars in an opposite direction, or from back of the furnace to ihe front, at 

 which place they are elevated again and placed upon the end of the upper 

 screws. The second improvement is for a metallic packing, consisting ot 

 a number of conical rings of brass and tin, or other suitaljle metal, which 

 packings are calculated to resist a l.igh pressure. The third part of these 

 improvements relates to a screw cutting machine for forming the screws 

 suitable for the purpose above described. The fourth part relates to a furnace 

 similar to that above described for convening iron into steel and smelting 

 metals The fifth part relates to the application of the description of furnace 

 above described to blast furnaces, and also to puddling hearths. And sixthly, 

 relates to a mode of rolling saw blades, which consists in forming the piece 

 ot steel from which the blades are to be made into a hoop, and then passing 

 it between rollers and rGHing it to the required thickness without taking it 

 from the rollers. 



ARTinCIAL FUEL. 



FERniv\ND Ch.\rles Warlich, of Eccleston Street, Middlesex, gentleman, 

 for -'Improvements in the manufacture o//«e(."-Granted October 5, 1843; 

 enrolled April 4, 1844. 



The object of this invention is firstly, the submittins fuel composed Q 



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