212 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS' JOURNAL. 



[1844. 



Atmospheric and Locomotive systeais, and concliules liis report with the fol- 

 lowing conclusions lo which the inveitigatioa has led him. 



1st. That the Atmospheric system is not an economical mode of transmitting power, 

 and inferior in this respect Ueih to locomotive engines and stationary engines with rupes. 



2nd. That it is not calculated practically to acquire and maintain higher velocities than 

 are comprised in the present working of locomotive engines. 



3rd. Ihat it would no:, in the majority of instances, produce economy in the original 

 construction of railways, and in many would most materially augment their cost. 



4th. That on some short railways, where the traffic is Iart,-e, admitting of trains of mode- 

 rate weieht but requiring high velocities and frequent departures, ami where the face of 

 the country is such as to preclude the use of gradients suitable for locomotive engines, the 

 AtmoepherJc system would prove the most eligible. 



5th. That on short lines of railway, say four or live miles in length, in the vicinity of 

 large towns, where frequent and rapid communication is required between the termini 

 alone, the Atmospheric system might be advantageously applied. 



tith. That on short lines, such as the Blackwall Railway, where the traffic is chiefly de- 

 rived from intermediate points, requiring frequent stoppages between the termini, the 

 Atmospheric system is inapplicable ; beiug much interior to the plan of disconnecting 

 the carriages from a rope, for the accommodation of the intermediate tniffic. 



"th. That on long lines of railway the requisites of a large traffic cannot be attained by 

 so inflexible a system as the Atmospheric, in which the efficient operation of the whole 

 depends so completely on the perfect performance of each individual section of the ma- 

 chinery. 



The report concludes with an appendix by Mr. Bidder, on the application 

 of the atmospheric principle to the Blackwall Railway, for which we cannot 

 now find space; there are also attached to the report no less than 86 indi- 

 cator diagrams, showing the pressure upon the air pump piston, and the state 

 of exhaustion in the valve pipe. 



This report we strongly recommend to all those who may take a lively 

 interest in the working of railways. 



The "Meteor."— Messrs. Miller, Ravenhill, & Co., have been attain suc- 

 cessJul, by bringing forward another iron steamer built by tiiem fur the Gravesend and 

 Blackwall station ; she is propelled by a pair of 40 h. p. beam engines, taken out of an old 

 Gravesend steamer : although the new vessel, is of larger dimensions than the old one; 

 the speed with the same engines very far exceed the old vessel : this shows what judicious 

 management will do in the construction of iron boats. The speed of the ".Meteor" is 

 very triflingly inferior to the renowncJ Margate " Prince of Wales," reported upon by us in 

 last month's " Journal." 



The New Royal Exchange. — The last Report submitted to the Gresham 

 Committee, states that the following additional Decorations are directed to he made : — A 

 statue of Queen Victoria, to be placed in the centre of the merchants' area; a statue of 

 Elizabeth at tlie south-east, and of Charles the Second, which st od in the centre of the 

 area of the late Exchange, to be placed at the north-east corner of the merchants' ;irea ; 

 and the statue of Sir Thomas Gresham, to be in the great niche over the east entrance, 

 and the Royal arms above the doorway at the west entrance, by which arrangement the 

 statues of tiie three sovereigns in whose reign the edifice has been erected will approprl- 

 ately decorate the exterior; a tesselated or mosaic pavement for the merchants's area, 

 instead of the pavement contemplated by the contract ; and an embellishment in the ceil- 

 ing of the ambulatory, by a series of consecutiva painting or paintings in wax on the forty- 

 six compartments thereof. The additional sums necessary to carr>' out the great object of 

 affording appropriate end highly-finished works uf sculpture for the embellishEient of the 

 building were voted by the Joint Gresham Committee. 



Tjie Iron Duke. — M'e have previously noticed thft extriiorJir.ary speed of 

 this splendid steamer, and we have now to r^-eord the result of her first Kingstown 

 voyage, which we should hope would satisfy the most sceptical and prejudiced that she is 

 unrivalled The most curious circumstance connected with her passage tc and from Ire- 

 land is the fact, that both occupied precisely the same time, proving, as her voyage to 

 Douglas had previously done, that her velocity is uniform under different circumstances. 

 We give some details, whieh have been kindly handed to us by Mr. J. C. Shaw, who ac- 

 companied her. and we doubt not that but nautical men will appreciate them as affording 

 data for comparisons \vith other vessels. To those who are not nautical, we beg to state, 

 that the distance from Clarene Piur, Liverpool, to Kingstown outer pier, is 114 nautical, 

 or 130 statute miles : — 



Clarence Pier to Rock Light 



Rock Rifht to N. W. Light-ship . 



N. W. Light-ship to Great Omishead . 



Great Ormshead to Point Lynas . 



Point Lynas to Skerries 



Skerries to the Kish Light . 



Kish Light to Kini;stown 



Total passage . . 8 44 .. 8 44 

 She derived no aid from wind, inasmuch as she made a " head wind" both going and re- 

 turning. The above passages are considerably the shortest ever made between the two 

 places; and we ought to be prou'l of a vessel which is entirely indebted to Liverpool 

 talent for her success. She was built by Mr. T. Wilsou. Her engines are from the cele- 

 brated works of Fawcet & Co., they have wrought iron standards for the framing instead 

 of cast iron. — Liverpool Paper. 



LIST OF KTEW PATENTS. 



(From Messrs. Robertson^s List.) 



GR.\NTED IN ENGLAND FROM APRIL 27, TO MAY 23, 1844. 



Six Months allowed for Enrolment, unless otherivise expressed. 

 Pierre Armand Lecomte de Fontainemoreau, of Skinner's Place, Size Lane, merchant, 

 for *' A new mode of constructing barometers and other pneumatic instruments." (Being 

 a communication.) — Sealed April 27. 



John Dixon, of Wolverhampton, iron master, for "Improvements in heating air fer 

 blast furnaces, and for other uses." — April 27. 



'^Arthur Wall, of Bistern Place, Poplar, surgeon, for *' certain Improvements in the 

 manufacture of steel, copper, and other metals." — April 27. 



Josiah Clarke, and Samuel Fletcher, of Hulme, Lancaster, machine makers, for "C3r- 

 lain Improvements in wheels to be used in slubbing or bobbin frames, and in roving or 

 jack frames, and for other purposes, and also in the engine by which such wheels are or 

 may be cast," — April 27. 



Isaiah Davies, of Birmingham, engineer, for " certain Improvements in ste^m engines, 

 part of which improvements are ap:'iical>le to impelling wheel carriaces," — April 27. 



Edward Cobbold, of Melford, Suffolk, master of arts, clerk, lor " Impav.-ments in the 

 preparation of peat, rendering ii applicable to several useful purposes, particularly for 

 fuel."— April 27. 



William Clarke, of Nottingham, lace manufacturer, for " Improvements in machinery 

 for manufacturing ornamented bobbin net, or twist lace."— April 30. 



William Jeffries, of Little Sussex Place, Hyde Pari; Gardens, for "Improvements in 

 sweeping chimneys, and in apparatus to prevent chimneys from smoking."— April 6\K 



Robert Gordon, of He.iton Foundry, Stockport, millwright and engineer, for '* Improve- 

 ments in grinding wlieat and other grain, and in dressing flour or meal, which improve- 

 ments in gnnding are also applicable to grinding cements and other substances."— April 

 3(1. 



William Fairbairn and John Hetheington, of Manchester, engineers, for "certain im- 

 provements in stationary ste'^m boilers, and in the furnaces and flues connected there- 

 with. "—April 3'). 



Jacob Samuda, of SouLhwark iron works, engineer, and Joseph D'Aguilar Samuda, of 

 the same place, engineer, for "certain Improvements in the manulacture and arrange- 

 ment of parts and apparatus for the construction and working of atmospheric railways,'* 

 —April 30. 



John Melville, of Upper Harley Street, esquire, for " Improvements in the constniation 

 and modes of wurking railroatis.'* — April ^0. 



James Kayman, of Mount Street, Lambeth, corndealer, for "An improved construction 

 and arrangement of certain parts of omnibuses and other vehicles." — April 3(J, 



Robert Corden, of Nottin^'ham, tobacco manufacturer, and Sidney Smith, of the satna 

 place, engineer, for " Improved economical apparatus for making gas for illuminations." 

 —April .iO. 



Jolin Constable, of Lime Street, London, merchant, for " certain Improvements in the 

 manufacture ol sugar." (Beine a ci^mmunicaiion.) — April 30. 



William Colborne Cambridge, of Market Lavington, Wilts, agricultural machine maker, 

 fur " certain Improvements, first, in machinery for rolling or crushing ground ; second, 

 for cutting and thrashing agricultural products j and third, an improved adaptation of 

 horse power to threshing machinery, which may also be applied to other purposes." — 

 April 30. 



Charles Watterson, of the firm of Macguire, Watterson, and Co., Manchester, soap 

 manufacturer, for " certain Improvements in the manufacture of soap." — Way 8. 



Joseph Wright, of Gough Street, Gray's Inn Lane, coach builder, for "certain Im- 

 provements in railway and other carriages." (Being a communication.)— ftlay H. 



James Grant, of Vine Street, Westminster, gas-litter, for " Improvements in the means 

 of ventilating buildings and other places where a change of air is required."- May 8. 



William Vose Pickett, of Tottenham, esquire, for " certain methods for preparing in 

 metal, or other substances, the parts and features of architectural tonstruction and de- 

 coration, and for applying the same in the construction and arrangement of houses and 

 other buildings." — -May S. 



John Loach, of Birmingham, manufacturer, for " A certain improvement in corkscrews, 

 which improvement is also appliLMble to cocks or taps, and valves." — iday 8. 



Alfred Toy, and Edward Hanson, of Castle Street, Hoiborn, lamp manufacturers, for 

 " Improvements in consuming tallow and other lalty matters in lamps."— May 8. 



Thomas Grimsley, of Oxford, SL-ulptor, for "A new method of constructing a self-sup- 

 porting bre-proo" roof, and other parts of buildings, with bricks and tiles formed from an 

 improved machine." — May 14. 



John Browne, of New Bond Street, esquire, for " Improvements in apparatus for pro- 

 tecting the human face, or part of the human face, from the inclemency of the weather, 

 part of which improvements is applicable to protect birds in cages." — May 14. 



Edward Hill, of Hart's Hdl. M'oicester, iron manufacturer, for *' Improvements in the 

 manufacture of railway and other axles, shafts," and bars." — May 14. 



William Walker, jun., of Brown Street, Manchester, hydraulic engineer, for " Improve- 

 ments in warming and ventilating apartments and buildings." — May 14. 



William Palmer, of Sutton Street, Clerkenwell, manufacturer, for " Improvements in 

 the manufacture of wicks tor candles and for lamps, and in the manufacture of candles." 

 May lo. 



Charltfs Hancock, of Grosvenor Place, Middlesex, esquire, for ■' certain Improvements 

 in cork and other stoppers, and a new composition or substance which may be used as a 

 substitute for, itnd in preference to cork, and a method or methods of manufacturing the 

 said new composition or substance into bungs, stoppers, and other useful articles." — May 

 15. 



Hesketii Hughes, of Chiswetl Street, Middlesex, gentleman, for " An improved machine 

 for crimpling, fluting, and quilling musHn and other fabrics." — May 15. 



Peter Armand le Compte de Fontainemoreau, of Skinner's Place, Sise Lane, London, 

 for '* A new and improved mode or method of paving and covering roads and other ways 

 or surfaces." (Being a communication., — May 16. 



Kenry Holmss, of Derby, cutler, for "Improvements in the manufacture of bricksi 

 tiles, and other plastic substances." — May 15. 



John iM'Intosh, of Glasgow, gentleman, for "certain Improvements in revolving en- 

 gines, and an improved method of producing motive power, and of propell'ng vessels," — 

 May 17. 



James Pilbrow, of Tottenham, civil engineer, for " certain Improvements in the ma- 

 chinery for, or a new method of propelling carriages on railways and common roads, and 

 vessels on riveis and canals, &c." — May 17. 



Thomas Martin, of Withybush, Haverfordwest, Pembroke, for "certain Improvements 

 in the construction of slated roofs, flats or floors, tanks or cisterns, or reservoirs for water, 

 and in pipes , tubes, or channels of the same material, for the conveyance of water," — May 



James Petrie, of Rochdale, Lancaster, engineer, for "certain Improvements in steam 

 engines." — May 22. 



James Perkins Chatten, of Saint Martin's Court, gentleman, for " Improvements in the 

 manufacture of dearl eyes for the purpose of setting up the rigging of ships and other sail- 

 ing vessels." — May 22. 



James Bremner, of Pulteney Town, Caithness, civil engineer, for " certain arrange- 

 ments for constructing harbours, piers, and buildings in water, for cleansing harbours, and 

 for raising sunken vessels." — May 22. 



George Gwynne, of Princes Street, Cavendish Square, gentleman, and George Fergusson 

 Wilson, of Belmont, Vauxhali, gentleman, for " Improvements in treating certain fatty or 

 oily matters and in the manufacture of candles and soap." — May 22. 



Joseph Meeirs, of Ludgate Hill, for '" certain Improvements in weanug, and in weaving 

 machines." — May 22. 



John Henrj' Moor, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, gentleman, for "certain Improvements In 

 the construction of carriages generally." — May 23. 



William Johnson, of Bury, Lancaster, agent, for "Improvements in machinery or ap- 

 paratus for preparing cotton, wool, flax, and other fibrous substances." — May 23. 



Richard Wilson.of Newcastle, builder, for " Improvements in the manufacture of tiles." 

 —May 23. 



John Wiikie, of Glasgow, mechanic, for *' Improvements in machinery or apparatus for 

 working wood into the various forms requ'red for making doors, window-shutters, window- 

 sashes, mouldings, flooring, and other purposes." — May 23. 



John Taylor, of Duke Street, Adelphi, gentleman, for " certain new mechanical com- 

 binations, by means of which economy of power and of fuel are obtained in the use of the 

 steam engine." — lHay 23. 



William Archibald, cooper, of New Mills, Ashbourne, Derby, gentleman, for " certain 

 Improvements in machinery for spinning cotton wool, and other tibrous substances."— 

 May 23. 



