284 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



[July, 



will probably be found on that route twenty years hence : that|is, the nuro 

 interest on the cost of the canals would pay for free travel and transporta- 

 tion on a railway. 

 Neiv York, May, 1844. 



REGISTER OF NEW PATENTS. 



(Under this head we propose giving abstracts of the specificatious of alt the most im- 

 portant patents as they are enrolled. If any additional information be required as to any 

 patent, the same may be obtained by applying to Wr, LAXTON at the Office of this 

 JOURNAL.) 



COATING METALS WITH PAPER, &C. 



Benjamin Cook, jun.. of Birmingham, for " /lis imeiilion of certain improve- 

 ments in coating or covering tlie surfaces of metals of various forms, and ofapjjitj- 

 ing the same to a variety of useful purposes."— Gianlei December 18. 1843 ; 

 Enrolled June 18, 1844. 



This invention consists in applying Ihe same principles descrilied in a 

 former patent, dated May 23, 1842, to other purposes than those then con- 

 templaied, which consisted in covering the post or pillars of bedsteads made 

 of metallic tubes, with paper, papier mache, pasteboard, or such like material, 

 and japanning or painting the same. For this purpose the inventor takes a 

 thin sheet of metal of the form, or nearly so, of the article to be produced, 

 and then covering it with several layers of paper, or paper pulp, as adopted 

 in making articles of papier mache, the articles are afterwards japanned or 

 painted- 



IMPROVEMENTS IN CALCINING METALS. 



Edwakd Bcnn, of Hafod Copper Works, near the town of Swansea, in the 

 county of Glamorgan, copper merchant, and William Morgan, of the same 

 place, refiner of copper, for '• Improvements in tlie treating and reducing oj cop- 

 per ores, and in the construction of furnaces for licating such ores, part of which 

 improvements arc applicable to other ores."— Granted Dec. 28th, 1843 ; Enrolled 

 June 28th, 1844. 



These improvements consist in Ihe use or application of heated air to the 

 furnaces employed in roasting, melting, and calcining ores, and also in the 

 peculiar construction of furnaces for effecting the same. 



The mode of introducing heated air into the melting and other furnaces 

 employed in the smelting of copper ore will be seen by the annexed wood en- 

 graving, Fig. 1, which shows.a longitudinal section of a melting furnace, in 



Fig. 2. 



Fig. 1. 



r " ?T "Inf.'." 



which a is the fireplace, h shows one of the air flues, there being several of 

 them, separated from the fire and from each other by fire bricks. These Hues 

 commence at the back of the fireplace, and run in a vertical direction at the 

 hack of the fire and over the top, parallel to each other until they come to, 

 or near the centre of the fireplace as at V, at which place they branch ofif to 

 the right and left, ami down each side (jf the furnace, and communicate with 

 each end of a flue formed in the bridge, c, this flue is provided with a number 

 of outlets or openings at the top, of about 5 inches in length and one inch 

 wide, and also a number of similar openings at the inside of the bridge lead- 

 ing into the furnace and just above the melted ore, the flues at the top of the 

 bridge being for the jiurpose of supplying heated air to complete the combus- 

 tion of the gases evolved from the fuel previously to entering the furnace ; the 

 second set of holes which are made in the inside of Ihe bridge are for the 

 purpose of allowing a current of heated air to pass over the surface of the 

 melted mass under process, whereby a more perfect oxidization of the ore is 

 obtained, which may be regulated according to the rjuantity and length of 

 time the air is admitted, the supply being varied by a sliding door. 



Another part of this invention has reference to a peculiar mode of -con- 

 structing calcining furnaces, and consists of making a double furnace, both 

 of which are heated by one fire; Fig, 2 is also a longitudinal or sectional 

 elevation, which, together with the following description, will be sufficient to 

 illustrate its principle ; a is the fireplace, and 6 b' the air flues, arranged in a 

 similar manner to those above described ; c c is the upper or calcining fur- 

 nace, which is divided from lhc lower by a fire brick partition supported upon 

 arches, this partition has 3G holes through it, each being about 7 inches 

 square ; on each side of the furnace there are 12 sliding valves, each of whicli 

 is made to covet oi stop three of the holes. The charge of copper ore to be 



■suiijected to the process of calcination is placed upon the partition in the 

 upper compartment, and subjected to the heat of Ihe fire, which passes over 

 the ore and down a flue or flues at the opposite end of the furnace, and 

 through the lower compartment in the direction of the ijridge, atwhicb place 

 it escapes through two flues leading to the chimney. When the charge is in 

 a fit stale it can be run into the lower compartment by withdrawing the 

 valves, and another charge put upon the floor of Ihe upper compartment, and 

 in Ibis manner the process can be continued until the lower compartment i.s 

 nearly full, after which the metal can be tapped and run into wafer or moulds 

 m.ide in sand as will he understood. 



The last part of the invention relates to a mode of constructing furnaces 

 with iron bottoms ; in carrying out this piirt of the invention, the patentee 

 commences by forming an excavation the extreme size of the furnace and 

 several feet deep : a wall is then built within the excavation and to a proper 

 height, a number of cast iron plates are laid upon the wall and are joined 

 together, the joints being made either by using clay, or by the ai)plication of 

 a thin strip of metal laid upon the joint formed by two plates coining toge- 

 ther. In order to form the bed of the furnace the cast iron bottom is to be 

 covered with sand to a depth of abnut 15 inches, this sand is then to be sub- 

 jected to the heat of the furnace and melteil, and then left to cool, after that 

 there is another thickness of sand of about 5 inches laid upon the olher which 

 is subjected to the same process, which completes the formation of the bed 

 of the furnace, with the exception that it will be desirable to give it a small 

 charge of copper ore in order to season it. And in order to keep the iron 

 plates cool the inventor causes a very strong current of cold air to be con- 

 tinually passing underneath and in contact with the iron plates. 



The claims are— 1st, the application of air, heated before it enters the fur- 

 nace, where ore is being roasted or calcined, by causing the air to pass in 

 contact with the furnace or flues. 2nd, the calcining of copper or other ore 

 in reverberafory furnaces, arranged in such manner as to be heated by flues 

 formed in the bridge or other part of the furnace. 3rd, Ihe mode of con- 

 structing calcining furnaces divided into two compartments, the upper one 

 being heated by Ihe fire, and the lower one by heated ore passing from the 

 upper to the lower compartment. Lastly, the mode of constructing the bot- 

 toms of ore furnaces in such a manner that] they may be kept cool by air or 

 other fluid. 



INPROVED SHEARS. 



Thomas Murrey Gladstone, of Swan Garden Iron Works, Wolverhampton, 

 Iron master, for " certain Improvements in machines for cutting or shearing iron 

 and other metals, which improvements are applicable to olher like purposes." — 

 Granted Dec. 28, 1843 ; Enrolled June 28, 1844. 



This invenlion consists principally in the peculiar construction of the shears, 

 as will be seen by the accompanying drawings and the following description ; 

 fi". 1 bein" an end view of a double cutting machine, and fig, 2 an elevation of 



Fig. 1. 



one side thereof; a is the foundation plate, and b a standard cast upon it, c 

 and d are also two standards, dovetailed into the foundation plate and secured 

 to the same by means of bolts, e is the shear, the form of which will he seen 

 in fig. 2 partly shown in dotted lines ; this shear moves upon an axis /', which 

 axis is sujiported by the standards h and rf ; g is a projecting arm of the shear, 

 to the end of which is attached one end of a connecting rod h, the opposite 

 end being attached to some moving power ; e is a piece of metal attached to 

 the shear and forms part thereof; k and / are two steel cutters, the former 

 being fixed to the piece ;, and the latter to the standard c. 



In cutting or shearing a plate of iion, the plate is inserted at the front of 

 the machine, and the strip of metal cut ofl', instead of curling up as usual, is 

 kept down and straight by that part of the shear marked i coming upon it ; 



