1844.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



285 



and when the same is cut ofl" it falls between the stamlavds c and li, and upon 

 an inclined plane ra. 



Pig- 2. 



There is also another pair of stoel cutlers one of which )s attiichcil to that 

 part of the shear marked o in tig. 2, the other cutter Ijeing fixed to the inner 

 face of the standard b ; these cutters are intended to cut up the strips of 

 metal into pieces of any desired length, which may he regulated hy the 

 sliding stop p, which is made to fit upon a bar /)', fixed to the side of the 

 machine, the strips of metal to be cut up being inserted into the machine 

 crosswayt. 



A NEW PIGMENT OR PAINT. 



Henry Bessemer, of Baxter House, St. Pancras, London, Engineer, for 

 " ^^ new pigmtnt ur paint, and the method of preparing the same, pari nj which 

 method is also applicable to the preparing and treating of oils, turpentine, varnish, 

 and gold size, when employed to fix mctallie poieders and metal leaf, or as a means 

 ofprotcctinglthc iamc."— Granted Jan. 13, 1844 ; Enrolled July 12, 1844. 



This invention, which relates to a new pigment or paint, consists of certain 

 mixtures of metallic powder (known by the name of bronze powder,) with 

 gum, &c. ; the treatment, as described in the specification, is as follows; — 

 Having provided 8 lb. of gum copal, the same is to be put into a copper vessel 

 and placed over a fire, the heat of which is to be of such intensity as to fuse 

 the same in about 20 minutes, in the mean time boil in another vessel about 

 2^ gals, of drying linseed oil, and when the gum is in a state of fusion the oil 

 must be added in small quantities, keeping the w hole well stirred during the 

 time of pouring it in ; this mixture is then to be boiled for an hour, during 

 which time the impurities as they rise to the surface are to be occasionally 

 taken oil', the operation having proceeded thus far, the mixture is to be left 

 to cool down to about 50° Fah , after which 25 gals, of turpentine heated to 

 150° is to be added gradually, the whole being well mixed togelher; after 

 which one gallon dry measure of slaked lime must be added, and the whole 

 well incorporated together, when it may be allowed to stand for 3 or 4 

 days. The mi.xture may then be drawn of! (the lime forming a sediment at 

 the bottom) ; when the same is sufhciently cleared, it will be ready to mi.x 

 with the bronze powder, which should be of a very fine and brillimt quality ; 

 for which the inventor claims the new pigment or paint, when made of bright 

 metallic powder mixed with purified gums, oils, &c., in such manner as to 

 form a painting fluid ; also, the method of preparing a fluid for the purpcise 

 of mixing with a bronze powder in such manner as to form a pigment, toge- 

 ther with the method of preparing and treating oils, turpentine, varnish, &c., 

 for the purpose described. 



FIRE PROOF ROOF. 



Thomas GriMslev, of Oxford, Sculptor, for " a new method of constructing 

 a self •supporting fire-proof rooj and other parts of buildings, with bricks and tiles 

 formed from an improved machine."— Granted May 14, 1814; Enrolled July 13, 

 1844. 



This invention consists in the construction of roofs and other parts of 

 buildings, in such manner as to render the same self-supporting, and also fire 

 proof, and consists in constructing or erecting upon the side wallo, at a con- 

 venient distance from each oiher, arches composed of blocks of bricks, which 

 blocks are made in moulds of a form suitable for the purpose for which they 

 are intended, each block or brick being made with a tennon or projection at 

 one end, and a mortice or groove at the oilier, in such manner as to fit within 

 and bind each other logeiher, and thereby forma self-supporting roof; 

 the construction of which is as follows, fig. 1, shows a section ot a portion ol 

 one of the side walls with the roof and one of the arches, a is the side wall, 

 b oneof the brick blocks made with a corbel head or other device, from which 

 the ai«l» springs ; on the top of this block, which is firmly gemented withip 



the side wall, there is a tennon or projection shown in dotted lines, which fits 

 into a mortice or recess formed in the under side of the second block c, another 

 block d is fitted upon the second block in like manner to the other ; beliind 

 this block there [is a block r, which forms part of the cornice, and is made 

 with a projection on the under side which fits into a recess maile in (he side 

 wall a, the block which is of larger dimensions than the others, and forms 

 the gutter, is also fitted to them in the same manner as above described, and 



Fig. 4. 



Fig. 3. 



Fig. 1. 



SO on with the remainder of the blocks, all of which are firmly cemented to- 

 gether; upon the ends of each of the blocks e and d, there is a tennon which 

 fit into grooves formed in the adjoining block, so that the whole forms one 

 solid and compact mass. Fig. 2 shows a sectional plan of one ol tlie Ijlocks 

 forming the arch, g being a groove formed on each side cd' the block for re- 

 ceiving the tiles, an enlarged view of which is shown at fig. 3, and the mode 

 of fitting together at fig. 4, which is a side view of a portion of the wall and 

 roof, a being the end, and b the next or adjoining arch, as described in fig. 1, 

 one-half of each tile is made with a tennon or projection, which fits into a 

 groove formed in the other half of the tile adjoining it, as will be seen by 

 inspection. It will be evident that a roof couotructed as above may be covered 

 with any description of tile or covering, and when the same is to be under- 

 drawn, the blocks as shown at fig. 2, may have anotlier groove as shown in 

 dotted lines for the purpose of receiving the ends of the timbers to which the 

 laths are nailed. 



The specification also shows a mode of constructing ornamental chimney 

 pot, &c., upon the same principle, and lastly, in a mode of forming the clay 

 tor the blocks, which consists of a rectangular or oblong box with moveable 

 sides ; a frame is made to fit the exterior of the bo.x, having a certain number 

 of wires extending or slretched across it. eich side of the Ijox having slots 

 cut in it to receive the wires. Thus when the box has been filled and tightly 

 rammed with clay, the same may be divided into blocks by forcing the wires 

 attached to the external frame through the clay, the sides of the box may 

 then be removed, and the blocks of clay taken out for drying as is well un- 

 derstood. 



FIRE EXTINGUISHER. 



Ch.\rles Cameron, of Liverpool, Chemist, fur *' Improvements in citinguish* 

 ing fires in buildings."— Gr;\nteti Jan. 16, 1844; Enrolled July 16, 1844. 



This invention consists in the application of an incombustible substance in 

 combination with water for the purpose above stated, the substances employed 

 by the inventor are whiting or chalk, or, in place of these, aluminous clay 

 such as white clay, blue clay, or red clay may be employed. In carrying out 

 this invention, the patentee proposes that every fire engine should be provided 

 with a tub or vessel capable of holding 100 gallons of water ; this vessel is to 

 be divided, by means of a perforated metal plate or other suitable partition, 

 into two compartments, a small one and a large one. 



In case of fire, the Inventor proceeds as follows : the engine having arrived 

 anil being provided with a quantity of the incombustible substance before 

 mentioned, which may be in a dry or damp state, but previously pulverized, 

 the same is to be put into the large compartment of the vessel, which is to be 

 placed at one end of the engine, and tu which compartment is tg be connected 



