1845.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



163 



Ton«. ClTt. Qr. Lb. Tom. Cwt. Qr. Lb. 



Outward consumptloD per hour ., 1 1 3 11) 18 U 22 



Homeward ditto .. .. 13 8 I 1 27 



Rate per horje per hour Out 8'7, Home 92 Out 7' 1, Home 8' 



Laylng and liKbting Urea of engine boilen 14 10 8 



Cooking and cabin department .. & 10 12 



Comumption of Coals, i^-c. by the " Tagta," for voyages from Southampton 

 to Constantinople. 



NEW PROJECTED RAILWAYS. 



The Decisions of the Board of TRyvuK. 



(Continued from Page 132, ^pil Journal.) 



RAILWAYS IN ENGLAND. 



id Peter- 



Against the — 



Dartforrl and Riimforfl, 



KaBtcrn Counries— Cambridge and Bury 



St. Kdmund's Extension, 

 West London Knightsbridge Extension, 

 Ashton, Stalybridge. and Liverpool 



Junction— Guidebridge Extension, 

 Kentish Coast Railway, 

 HuddersOeld and Manchester, 

 Hanvich Railway, 

 Harwich and Colchester, 

 IpsvWch and Harwich ; 

 Liverpool and Manchester (Rainforth 



and Liverpool Branch), 

 Chester and Preston BrooU, 

 Eastern Counties (Thames Junction and 



North Woolwich. 

 Great North of England (Clarence and 



Hartlepool Junction) Extension and 



Branches, 

 Grand Junction (Friar's Park to Dudley 



Branch), 

 London and Gravesend, via Nortli Wool- 

 wich, 



In favour of the — 

 £a«teni Couiiiies— Brandon 



borough Deviation, 

 West London— Thames Extension, 

 Newcastle and Darlington — and Brand- 

 ling Junction Extensions, 

 Ashton, Stalybridge, and Liverpool 



Junction — Anrwick Extension, 

 Manchester South Junction and Al- 



trinch&m, 

 Manchester and Birmingham— Mac- 

 destield Extension and Junction Line 

 with the Sheffield and Manchester, 

 Midland Railway— Dar field to Wars- 

 borough, 

 Midland Railway— Dar field to Elscar, 

 Midland Railway— Cherit to Horbury, 

 Midland Rail way- KenshawtoWakenelii, 

 Midland Railway— Am bergate to Crtch, 

 London and Brighton — Horsham 



Branch, 

 Harwich Railway and Pier, 

 Richmond (Yorkshire) Railway, 

 Hull and Bridlington Branch, 

 Middlesborough and Redcar; 

 Birkenhead, Manchester, and Cheshire 



Junction, 

 Chester and Birkenhead Extension, 

 Blackburn and Preston (Alterations, 



Extensions, and Branch, 

 Coventry, Bedworth, and Nuneaton, 

 Eastern Counties (Finsbury Extension), 

 Huddersfield and Sheffield Junction, 

 Lancaster and Carlisle (Deviation in 



parish of Kendal), 

 Lancaster and Carlisle (Branch to New- 

 castle and Carlisle Railway), 

 Lancaster and Carlisle (Scotforth to 



aiyne), 

 Newcastle-upon-Tyne and North Shields 



(Tynemouth Extension and New-quay 



Branch), 

 North Union Extension to the river 



Bibble, 

 Sheffield and Rotherham (Branch to the 



Sheffield and Manchester Railway), 

 Norwich and Brandon (Extension into 



Norwich), 

 York and North Midland (Bridlington 



Branch), 



And rccommeridhifT the postponement until a future perioc^of the — 

 Colchester Junction, 

 Harrogate and Rlpon Junction, 

 Leeds and Thirsk, 



York and North Midland and Harrogate. 

 Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston, 

 Southport and Euxton, 

 Preston Brook and Runcorn Juuctloa, 

 Epping, 

 Grand Junction (Potteries Branrh). 



DALHOUSIE, 



C. W. PASLEY, G. R. PORTER, 



D. O'BRIEN, S. LAING. 



Falt, of an Antient CiiriiCH.— An acciilont has liappenod to St. Julian's 



Church, King-street, by the foiling in of the entire of tlie eastern wall, burying In the 

 " d*:bris'* the communion table and one or two pews contignous thereto. The church has 

 about it many traces of extreme antiquity, the low round lower and heavy arch betoken- 

 ing early Saxou architecture.—' Norwich Mercury.' 



MZSCEliLANEA. 



The Rattler and tub Alect-o.— In ilie trials which were iiisliUitctl by the 



Admiralty between tlU-'se vessels, to test tUe qualities of the screw propeller ship Rattlev 

 and tbu paddle-wheel ship Alecto, the superiority of the Rattler has been fully shown. 

 In one or the trials which took place on ihe ;(Oth of March, during a perfect calm, from 

 the Little Nore to Yarmouth Roads, 80 milus, the Rattler beat the Alecto I'^i minutes, 

 although the Rattler, in consequence of a short supply of steam, was compelled to work 

 the second grade of expansion throughout the day, and the engines only '2'6^ to 24 strokes 

 per minute. On arriving at Yarmouth Roads they started again, both vessels hailing all 

 sailN set to a moderate breeze. Tliey continued running until otl Cromer Light, when the 

 Rattler in 34 miles beat the Alecto by \'6 minutes. From the bad appearance of the 

 weather it was deemed prouer tu anchor fur the night, during which It blew a complete 

 gale from the N.N.W., and continued throughout the day, atl'urdlng the very opportunity 

 they were sent oul tu stiek for trying the Rattler's jiowers In a head sea. In getting 

 under way, th*; vessel i>ltL-hing heavily, snapped her cable and lost her anchor. This race 

 was one of about AO miles, and the Rattler passed the Spurn Light 40 minutes before her 

 competitor. On one occasion the Rattler lost steam, which allowed the Alecto to get 

 alongside of her. Tkis was at 10 o'clock a.m., and it was from that time to her anchoring 

 that the 40 minutes were gained ; although prior to that, when the sea was roughest, the 

 Rattler gained more than half a mite on the Alvcto in the first hour, the latter having had 

 the start of the former. The 60 miles were occomplished In seven hours and a half, tide 

 principally SRainst tliera. The very lowest pressure exhibited " when the screw was out 

 of the water" (as the opponents of the principle term it) was 'M lb. ranging up to 601b. on 

 Sailer's balance. Subeequent trials took place with still greater advantage to the powers 

 of the screw ; but the most conclusive results as to its superiority were proved when the 

 vessels being fastened to each other, with their heads in opposite directions, the Rattler 

 towed the Alecto, in spite of all her attempts to ruu away estern, at the rate ot two mllei 

 and a half an hour.—' Evening paper.' 



Hr.R Majf.stv's River Yacht " Fairy."— This fine little vessel went down 

 the river on a tilth experimental trip on the llith ult., under the charge of Commander 

 Smith, with the crew of the Black Eagle, and the marines of the William and Mary yacht. 

 Mr. Lloyd chief engineer at Woolwich dockyard, and Mr. Penn, who constructed the en- 

 gines of the vessel, proceeded in her at the same time, to ascertain the speed and working 

 of the engines. On this occasion the speed was found to exceed any of the former trials, 

 being 13*308 nautical miles, or nearly one fourth of a knot more than she had previously 

 attained. The vessel proceeded to sea, and Is reported to have stood remarkably stiff in 

 the water when otl' Whitstable, although there was a strong sea running, and the wind 

 blowing a breeze. The trial gave great satisfaction, and atlorded good earnest of the capa- 

 bilities of this handsome vessel for the use of Her Majesty, reflecting great credit on all 

 engaged in her construction. The Fairy luis been taken into the East India Dock, at 

 Blackwall, to be atted for Her Slajesti's use, and will be ready in a faw weeks. 



Nkw Iron .Stkamkr.— The Faugh-d-Ballagh, a new iron steam-vessel, 

 built for the Drogheda Steam Packet Company, by Messrs. Catrd & Co., the eminent en- 

 gineers of Greenock, arrived in our river last week, after a voyage of eleven hours, from 

 Drogheda. The * Faugh-a-Ballagh' is of 060 tons burthen ; her length over all is la.") feet, 

 length of keel 170 feet, breadth of beam 26 feet, and depth of hold \b^ feet. She is fur- 

 ni'bed with a pair of engine, each of 100 h. p., fitted up with malleable Iron framings, on 

 a new and greatly improved construction. The ornamental appendages of the vessel are 

 of an exceedingly chaste description. — ' Liverpool Mercury.* 



The" Princeton's" New Gun. — An immense cannon, intendedfor the Ame- 

 rican navy, is just being finished at the foundry of Messrs. Fawcett and Co., in this town. 

 It is of malleable iron, of a superior quality, manufactured for the purpose at the Mersey 

 Ironworks. The weight of metal previously to being borwd was upwards of U tons, and 

 the gun will be about 8 tons when finished. The length is Li feet, and bore 12 inches; 

 outside diameter of the widest part, 27^ inches, the iron varying in thickness from 3$ 

 inches at the mouth to 7} inches at the opposite extremity. The exterior is beautifully 

 finished, bearing a polish similar to engine work, which has cost considerable time and 

 labour. This ponderous piece of ordnance will, on its completion, be placed on board the 

 American frigate Princeton, wliich is expected here shortly to receive it, and mounted on 

 the same carriage which supported the huge cannon that burst some time back when 

 several persons lost their lives. It is the largest ever made in this country, aud will rank 

 as one amongst many other eltorts of mechanical skill and ingenuity in iron work which 

 have emanated from Messrs. Fawcett and Co.'s establishment. Before its delivery, the 

 gun will be tested with a double charge of gunpowder (4.) lb.) and two balls made for the 

 purpose. — *' Liverpool Mercury." 



Changfs in Electric Conductor Wires. — M. Peltier in a letter to M. 

 Arago, given in the * Comptes Rendus,' states that about twelve years ago, being desirous 

 of tracing the arrangement of the molecules of lead in the reduction of the acetate, he 

 employed a slip of zinc, placed in the centre of a broad spiral of thick pure copper wire j 

 the two upper emerging extremities were soldered, to form a voltaic couple. At the end 

 of six mouths or a year, the immersed portion of the copper wire, originally very ductile, 

 became so brittle that it broke with the least effort ; the external portion nearly preserved 

 its ductility, at least it retained it longer. The brittle wire presented a doll granular 

 fracture, which indicated not only a different molecular arrangement, but also that it had 

 formed an alloy by cementation with one of the elements of the solution. This same fact 

 of the fragility of the wires subsequently occurred again on the occasion of his establish- 

 ing a fixed electrical apparatus above his house. The apparatus is formed of long copper 

 wires, stretched horizontally, for the purpose of conducting the electricity of the atmo- 

 sphere to the common centre, after having traversed a rheometer. These wires, thus ex- 

 posed to the changes of the seasons, of atmospherical agents, and electric currents, became 

 brittle, which obliged him to renew them at the end of two years. Wires silvered did not 

 last longer; brassmres broke at the end of six months. Sheltered conductors retain 

 their ductility longer, but at last become brittle under the influence of a permanent 

 current. 



Volattlization or Zinc. — A note was received by the Academic dcs Sciences 

 from Dr. Becquerel on the effects of the volatiliaation of zinc in copper foundries. The 

 facts stated by the author are a full confirmation of what had been stated by M. Blandet 

 relative to the injurious action of the white zinc vapour which escapss from the foundries. 

 Amongst other facts. Dr. Becquerel states, that in the shop of a shoemaker, near one of 

 these foundries, every person feels more or less ill on the melting days. The shoemaker's 

 wife has violent tremblings and a severe head-ache, which are carried off during the night 

 by copious perspiration. The young women employed as binders have also suffered 

 severely. 



Electricitv of Steam.— Prof. Zantedeschi having formed a jet of steam, 

 by an opening in a tubular boiler, applied the electrometer to it, and ascertained that at 

 the origin of the jet, the electricity was negative; at a certain distance it was positive, and 

 between the two points was a zone, in which the steam gave no indication of electricity. 



Arsenical Green. — At the Acadanit: dts Scirnccs, Paris, in a letter Irom 

 Dr. Blandet, on the injurious effects resulting to workmen from the arsenical green 

 employed in the manufacture of paper-hangingfl. He recommends the use of peroxide of 

 i -on as a remedy for the colic and other afiections experienced by workmen exposed to 

 the oction of the dust of arsenical preparations. 



Colourless Ink. — At the Royal Society ofEdinljurgh Sir George Mackenzie 

 explalneu '^*' nature of a colouriess fiuid he had invented as a substitute for black ink, it 

 is requisite "^ h^ve a paper properly prepared lor the purpose, when the uaper is nTitten 

 upon with the ^"'d 't will turn either black or blue according to the sort used. 



Cltlkrv.— Cy^ '^i*^ ^'^'^ys happy to see our manufacturers progress with 

 iheage, andtberefo.'e *'3^'« '^*^"* pleased to observe among some speclmena of cutlery 

 made by fli essrs Gllbe '^ ^ Sons, of Sheffield, a decided application of decorative arL to the 

 more important 'quality o/^tfyd and »Tiluabie inatruments. 



