220 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



[July, 



found to tend greatly to the efficiency of a boiler to allow a large space in it 

 as a reservoir for steam. The surface for eliullitiou does not seem to be of 

 much importance in comparison with this point. 



In the application of the foregoing proportions to practice, no reference 

 need he had to the form of the boiler; the same results will be obtained 

 whether the boiler be circular, wagon-shaped, or any other form, if all the 

 other circumstances be made the same. By due management in the process 

 of firing, when these proportions are given to the furnace and flues, the com- 

 bustion-will be found to be such that but little carbon will pass off to be 

 converted into smoke, and the results will show great economy in the con- 

 sumption of fuel. 



THE ANTI-CORN.LAW BAZAAR. 



(Continued from page 192.^ 



The Model Room is one of the most important in the Exposition. It ex- 

 hibits Budding's machine for cutting grass plots, pleasure grounds bowling 

 greens, &c., manufactured by John Ferrabee, Phoenix Iron Works, near 

 Stroud, Gloucestershire. — W. G. Cover's patent removeahle window sash, 

 without taking off the bead. — Fryer's improved patent single, double, and 

 treble washing and wringing machines, — a new invention, that washes, not 

 by rubbing one part against another, (which wears out linen very much,) 

 but by alternate pressure and the force of water through the linen, then over 

 the top of the paddle, dashing down again upon the linen, which has just 

 been pressed, and in the act of expanding. — Fryer's newly invented patent 

 mangle and machine, to wash, wring, and mangle. It will be found that the 

 linen is not only of a better colour, (from this mode of abstracting almost 

 every particle of dirty water,) but it is much less injured than when wrung 

 by the hands, and requires much less drying and folding for the mangle. 



A model of the cast iron framing employed in the extensive London 

 brewery belonging to Messrs. Truman, llanbury, Buxton, and Co., in the 

 support of their large fermenting tuns, as well as some of their vats. The 

 first of these circular frames was erected in the month of September, 1832. 

 On the 25th of October following, the vessel which it bad to support was 

 finished, and, in order to form some idea of the size of this vessel, it may be 

 interesting to know that upwards of eighty persons dined very comfortably 

 at the bottom of it. 



A group of alabaster figures on a marble slab, which is sure to attract at- 

 tention ; in front of it are models of the Eddystone Lighthouse, and Cleo- 

 patra's needles. A case of horse-shoes, constructed on a new principle, by 

 Mr. Rogers, veterinary surgeon ; — a collection of beads used in the African 

 markets for the purchase of slaves ■,—3. collection of shells, ores, &c., from 

 Cornwall, contributed by J. Parryn, Esq., of Devonport ; and several speci- 

 mens of the effects produced on various articles by the great fire of Ham- 

 burgh, are among the miscellanies in the room. The following machines are 

 shown in f«ll work : pillows for lace-making, worked by females ; a very 

 beautiful stocking-frame ; Dyer's patent machine for making and fixing teeth 

 in cards; an engine for striking coins or medals; a warp-lace machine. — 

 Along the table are seen, the model of the front of a ship, constructed for 

 the purpose of developing the principles of the lever applied to the working 

 of the windlass in raising the anchor ; several models of steam engines, ex- 

 hibiting some new and ingenious improvements in construction. — Two sur- 

 face-plates, on which so smooth a surface has been gained, that when one is 

 laid upon the other, the upper plate will hold the under suspended by mere 

 atmospheric pressure. In a case are shown the varied products that can be 

 derived from potatoes and from wheat. A very interesting case exhibits all 

 the stages of manufacture through which two sorts of flax pass from the raw 

 state to the perfect cloth ; and two other cases similarly illustrate the pro- 

 cesses of the wool and cotton manufactures. — There are several beautiful 

 models of ships and steamers. 



The Birmiiigham 5/aH contains some magnificent specimens of glass dishes, 

 of a delicate amber colour, with the ornamental parts plain. These are fully 

 equal to any articles of the same description exhibited at the Parisian exposi- 

 tion. A bronze candelabrum, of exquisite design and finish, also demands 

 attention ; there is a totality in the original conception which we have often 

 found wanting in modern candelabra, particularly those which are constructed 

 in the style of Louis Quatorze, or Louis Quinze. The designer, in this in- 

 stance, has kept steadily in view the great principle of decorative ait, that 

 ornamentation must be connected with adaptation, and that every detail, 

 however minute, must have some reference, not necessarily direct, to the ob- 

 ject and purpose of the article, as well as the original thought developed in 

 the design. Among other articles on this stall, is a very fine sword for an 

 infantry officer, of the pattern ordered in the new regulations ; the temper 

 of the blade could not be surpassed : also three papier mache trays, the 

 8h.apes of which are newly-registered patterns, and the colouring perfectly 

 gorgeous. While observing these objects, we overheard one bye-stander ask 

 another why Birmingham was placed so near the Scotch Stalls ? The answer 

 was, that " Brummagem articles had on this occasion proved Sterling." Not 

 the least interesting part of the exhibition on the Birmingham Stall, is a 

 series of specimens of the beautiful results that have arisen from the recent 

 application of Galvanism, or voltaic electricity, to plating; that is, covering 

 one kind of metal with a thin plate or coating of another kind of met al. 



Electro-plating will no doubt produce a great rcTolution in the applicatiou 

 of the Fine Arts, in increasing the mercantile value of industrial production 

 in England ; the coating which it deposits is imperishable. We have seen 

 silver electrically plated on an iron surface, which could not he cut by the 

 best engraver's tool. It is gratifying to the true friends of humanity, to 

 learn that the process of electro-gilding involves no process injurious to the 

 health ; while that which it is about to supersede, exposed the workmen to 

 the inhalation of the most noxious and deleterious of all gaseous exhalations, 

 the fumes of sublimated mercury. We must omit to notice two beautiful 

 finger plates of glass, cut into a rich design of floral wreaths; the finish of 

 which is far beyond any that could be obtained elsewhere at such muderate 

 expense. At the adjoining stall of Wolverhampton, we found a very fine 

 collection of spurs, bits, and stirrups, manufactured for the South .A-merican 

 market, by Messrs. Moreton and Langley. The Dudley Stall, well stocked, 

 and contains, amongst other valuables, a fender and fire irons of exquisite 

 workmanship, mounted with silver. 



The contributions from Coalbroohdide. — The first object in this splendid 

 collection, occupying almost the entire of the centre of the lower saloon, is 

 the beautiful table that has been constructed for the exhibition of the arti- 

 cles. It is of wood, with richly ornamented legs, having successive rows of 

 ranges for the display of articles, rising one above the otjier like the steps of 

 stairs, the back of each range being formed of plate glass, so as to render the 

 exhibition of the figures more complete and eft'ective. 



Nearly opposite to this is a Bronzed Fountain, seven feet six inches high, 

 and three feet eight inches in diameter at the base. The outline of form 

 combines, in varying proportions, the cylindrical and pyramidal, with figured 

 details. The dominant figures in the design are the crocodile and the water 

 snake, the plications and flexions of the latter being so judiciously managed 

 as at all times to complete the details of general outline in a manner exceed. 

 ingly creditable to the taste and skill of the artist. Xear to this is a po- 

 lished register-stove, set in a beautiful chimney-piece of white marble, with 

 a telegraph back for regulating the draught of the chimney. J'he hearth- 

 plate is peculiarly remarkable for the elegance of the workmanship, and the 

 radiating ash-pan of poUshed steel is one of the most eflfective specimens of 

 ornamentation applied to a domestic article, rarely brought within the range 

 of decorative art, to be seen in tlie whole Bazaar. Five Fancy Tables of cast 

 iron, and two Table Tops of decorated slate (contributed by Messrs. Allen 

 and Co., of Augustus-street, Regent's Park), afford signal proof that new 

 varieties of materials, susceptible of a high grade of decorative art, may be 

 added to our means of domestic comfort and enjoyment. It is not necessary 

 to mention the subjects of the paintings with which these tables are deco- 

 rated ; they are all executed with great spirit and taste. 



The collection of vases at the lower end exhibits a range of inventive 

 thought, both in form and pattern, such as we never expected to see deve- 

 loped. Without making any invidious distinction, we must say that the 

 vases sent by Mr. Rose have not been surpassed, indeed have scarcely been 

 equalled, by any similar products of the fictile art we have seen, whether be- 

 longing to ancient or modern time. And we say this with our examination 

 of the magnificent display at the Louvre, Sevres, and the Parisian Exposition, 

 still vivid in our recollection. We have next to notice the Garden and Hall 

 Chairs. Though made of iron, they have an appearance of elegance and 

 lightness which must commend them to general use. This is not the place 

 to show that the distinction absurdly made between comfort and ornament 

 is utterly without foundation, but we must say that the exhibition of Mr. 

 Darby's contributions has established a truth on which we have often preached 

 elsewhere, that beaut g is as cheap as ugliness, and rather more agreeable. 



Nearly all who have written on the ^Esthetics of art, have found vases the 

 most illustrative subjects of what they have termed the esoretic archetype 

 which existed in the mind of the designer, and which, it is the perfection of 

 art to suggest forcibly, and yet not thrust ostentatiously on the observance 

 of the spectator. This perfection is attained in the Warwick Vase, and in 

 some copies of Grecian Vases, but in one instance we feel that elaborate and 

 and multiplied details have overlaid the original design. On many of the 

 fancy castings we should gladly have dilated at great length, for they are 

 suggestive of artistic thought, and lead at once to the consideration of the 

 great question which lies at the foundation of all the higher departments of 

 art, namely, how far an artist ought to be a creator, and aim at the realiza- 

 tion of bis own idealities, and how far he must be a copyist, and aim at ac- 

 curate reproduction of the works of nature. 



A plan for holding a National Exposition of the products of British indus- 

 try, similar to that which was held last year in Paris, has been submitted to 

 the Council, and is now under consideration. None of the articles exhibited 

 will be sold, but those who send contributions to the Exposition will be al- 

 lowed to distribute cards of address, directing visitors to the shops and es- 

 tablishment in London where articles of a similar character are on sale. A 

 committee will be formed to decide on the admissibility of the articles offered 

 for exhibition, and this body will be divided into sections corresponding with 

 the principal departments of the vast and varied extent of British industry. 

 It will, of course, uot be necessary to have stall-keepeis, as there will be no 

 sales, and as the display of articles is the most efiicient of all advertisements, 

 it is expected that there will be no objection on the part of the exhibitors to 

 defray the expenses of carriage. As Covent Garden Theatre would not afl'ord 

 anything like adequate room for such a display as is here proposed, it would 



