330 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



[October, 



in any convenient manner by means nf timbers i 6 ; r is a cylinJerical piece 

 of metal made to tit the interior of the pump barrel, tlie upper eJge or end of 

 this piece of metal is maJe with an undulating surface consisting of double 

 Inclined planes, there being four in number, as will be clearly seen by the 

 form of the curved line, d d is the piston made to fit tight within the barrel 

 <if the pump by means of parliing at e e, the lower end of the piston is also 

 made with an uneven surface similar to that of c, and is provided with small 



rollers which rest upon the undulating surface c. It will, therefore, be seen 

 that by giving a rotary motion to the piston d the same will rise and fall as 

 the rollers traverse over the surface consisting of double inclined planes as 

 flhcve described, /is the induction pipe and ^ the eduction pipe; A * are 

 pieces of wood attached to the piston for the purpose of giving motion to 

 the same, in a similar manner to the ordinary capstan. Breviously to start- 

 ing this pump it will be found necessary to put a little water wjihin the 

 barrel, which may be done by removing the screw at i. The specification 

 ehews another modification of this process marked by double inclines, which 

 may be applied to ordinary pumps as is desired. 



RAILWAY BUmNG APPARATUS. 



Henry Samuel Rayner, of Ripley, Derbyshire, gentleman, for "certain 

 improvements in the means of preventing accidents to carriages on Railways and 

 common roads.''' — Granted March 18 ; Enrolled Sep. 18. 



This invention for improvements in preventing accidents to carri»ges on 

 railways and common roads consists in a peculiar mode of constructing the 

 buffers which may be applied to carriages in the ordinary manner, or the 

 (Same may be applied to a separate carriage placed between the tender and 

 tbe carriages forming the train. The accompanying engraving shows a Ion- 



I 



isww'&sm-.'.Si'^ B^i 



gitudinal section of the improved buffing apparatus ; n « is a tube com[)06ed 

 of two parts joined together by means of bolts in the ordinary manner ; i> h 

 is also a tube made to slide within the tube a a, perfectly air tight, by means 

 of packing this latter tube is divided into two compartments c and d by means 

 of a diaphrigm c. Within the tube c there is a piston/, the rod of which 

 passes through a stuffing box at g and is permanently fixed to the extreme 

 end of the tube a, which portion of the tube ii filled with compressed air: 

 the compartment c of the tube i 4 is filled with water, and the compartment 

 d filled or blocked up with wood. The action of the apparatus is a> follows : 

 Suppose the end of the tube to be struck at h by any other body coming 

 against it, the effect would be to drive the tube b further into the tube a, and 

 thereby bring into action the " two elastic forces, namely, the water and air," 

 that is to say, the end g of the tube b will meet with the resistance of the 

 compressed air, and the piston/ with that of the water, which is allowed to 

 pass through a number of smaU holes drilled through the piston, the siie and 

 numberof which may be varied according to circumstances. Tlie inventor 

 claims generally the hydro pneumatic butler, and the described method by 



which it is applied on any variation of ils construction or application what- 

 ever. 



IMPROVEMENT ON DYEING. 



Louis Josei-ii M'allerano, of Basing Lane, merchant, "for Improvements 

 in dyeing or staining various kinds of fohiics.'' — (Communication.) Granted 

 Dec. 30, 1844 ; Enrolled June 30, 1845. 



This invention is said to consist in giving shaded stripes of colour for 

 woollen, cotton, silk, and other fabrics, by the employment of a peculiar ar- 

 rangement of machinery which produces the 'effect in a more expeditious, 

 economical, and perfect manner than by the ordinary liand process. This 

 machine ,may also be used for dyeing shaded stripes to form grounds upon 

 fabric intended afterwards to receive a printed pattern. The machinery for 

 effecting the purpose above described will be clearly understood by the follow- 

 ing description reference being had to the drawings in whicli similar letters 

 denote corresponding parts in all the figures. Fig. 1. shows an elevation of 



Fig. 1. 

 I i ^ 



KTITrnf ,r.- 



the machine having one side removed, and fig. 2 a plan view thereof; a a is 

 the fanning of the machine supporling a colour vat 4 4 i, at one end of this 

 vat there is a cooUer c capable of being raised or lowered by mcins of a lever, 

 not shown in the drawing, so as to bring: it in contact with the cloth which 

 is in fig 1 shown by dotted lines ; d d are frames of wood supported by cross 

 bars c e attached in some convenient manner to the sides or end of the vat. 

 These frames support a number of small rollers / and .'' so as to turn freely on 

 tlieiraxis; the peripheries of these rollers and also the roller c are covered 

 with felt or other absorbant material g g are two cloth beams supported by 

 brackets// h at each end of the machine, round which the piece of fabric to 

 he dyed is i>ajssed ; i i are wheels keyed on the axis of the rollers g intended 

 to give motion to the same from some convenient piece of macliinery ; j j are 

 rods placed across the vat for supporting the cloth between the rollers//'. 



Fig. 2. 





feThe (peration of the machine is as follows : the piece of fabric to be dyed 

 is wound on to the cloth beam g', and is passed between the rollers//' which 

 latter, that is to say, the bottom roller is partly immersed in the dyeing liquor. 

 Motion is then imparted to the cloth beam g, the cloth in passing from one 

 beam to another give motion to the series of small rollers//' and thus be- 

 comes charged with the dyeing liquor which as the cloth is wound round the 

 beam g .spreads by means of capillary attraction ; tlie cloth may then be 

 wound back again on to tlie beam if' and so on until the requred depth of 

 tint be obtained. When the cloth is required to have a light even tint over 

 the whole of the surface the roller c is to be raised by means of the levers 

 above referred to, so as to be brought in contact with the surface of the fabric 

 which is to he passed backwards and forwards until the requisite tint or shade 

 is obtained. 



When the cloth is of a thick strong quality, the inventor purixises to have 

 another vat containing dyeing liquor shown at A, fig. 1, in dotted lines below 

 this vat, there are rollers corresponding with the several stripes ; above these 

 rollers, and within the vat, is a cock for the purpose of regulating the flo* 

 of dyeing liquor from the vat into the several rollers; these cocks are so ar- 

 ranged as to be opened or shut simultaneously by means of levers, lo that 

 any required quantity of dyeing liquor can by .this means be allowed to flow 

 on the top side of the cloth or fabric as well as on tlie under side. 



