1845.J 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL 



331 



Tlio ilyeing lii|iior in the vat is heated ty an 

 arransiment of pipes tlirougli which steam is 

 ;illo«eil to \>ass, when the liquor ia re(niire<l to 

 Iw Applied boiling, the inventor proposes to have 

 in jilace of the rollers last described, 

 tthicli will have ihipfTcctof retaining the heat 

 of the limior for a longer time than by the rollers 

 aforesaid. Fig. 3 shous the mode of arrangement 

 when two colours of siripcs arc rc<iuired ; nn 

 represent the frames which may bo made to 

 support any required number of small rollers 

 made similar to those above described. 



William I1f..nrt T.\ldot, of Laycock Abbey, in the county of Wilts, for 

 "Improvements in obtiiinhig motive power, unil in the appUciition of motive poivr 

 to rai7«'rti/j."— Granted March 3 ; Enrolled Sep. 3. 



The first part of this invention consists in the application of carbonic acid 

 gas for obtaining motive (lOwer. Kor this purpose the inventor takes trozeti 

 carbonic acid in a form resembling sno'.v ; this snow is placed within a suit- 

 able vessel, through which is made to pass the wires of a voltaic battery, so 

 that when a voltaic current is made to pass through the Hires, the snow in 

 the immediate vicinity of such wires is melted, and forms a vapour «liieli 

 passes oil' to actuate flic piston of an engine suitably cunsttucted for the 

 purpose. 



Another part of his invention consists in a mode of obtaining motive power 

 by means of electromaguation. A third part consists in a p«'culiar mode of 

 constructing a machine to work somewhat in the manner of an horizontal 

 windmill, and lastly, in a peculiar niodeof constructing the valves for closing 

 the longituninal opening in the traction pipe ; but in order to understand any 

 part of these several improvements it would be necessary to read very care- 

 fully the specifieation, even then considerable difliculty is e-xrerienced in get- 

 ting a kno a ledge of what the inventor means. The fact is, Mr. Talbot liis 

 enrolled a number of ideas which require working out, and which we may 

 venture to say would be no easy matter in some cases to make a m.achine 

 worthy of protecting by a patent. The accompanying figure is the only 

 drawing which accompanies 

 the specification, with the ex- 

 ception of a small plan of a 

 tube, and even these are exe- 

 cuted in a manner which is 

 almost unpardonable. The view 

 we have given slie«s a trans- 

 verse section of a traction pipe; 

 o a are plates of metal sup- 

 ported by Ijent plates Ij b ; c 

 are peices of India rubber or 

 other flexible material, which, 

 when a vacuum is formed in 

 the pipe, are forced by the ex- 

 ternal pressure of air into the 

 position shown, so as to lorm 

 a cussion, but as the arm passes 

 along they assume the |/Osilion shown by dotted lines. There are also cus- 

 aions formed of flexible material at /, but which are anything b\it clearly deli- 

 neated. 



rUVlinC IMPELLER. 



Alex. Gordon, of Fludyer-streef, Westminster, for "mi Impmremenf in 

 obtaining motive power by tlie action or agency of heat, and in the uppUcation of 

 that power to purposes of locomotion and navigation.' ' 



The following is a description of the apparatus for eflccting the purposes 

 above described, whicli will be understood by referring to the drawing, which 

 ahoH's a sectional elevation of the apparatus, which is intended to raise water 

 from one level to another, viz., from A to B, in the following manner: C is 

 a strong oval shapeil vessel inclosing a fire placed witliin the grate D ; E is 

 pipe leading from such vessel to a cylinder V ; G is a pipe through which the 

 water passes from the reservoir A into the cylinders F, and H is a pi]ie 

 through which the water passes from the cylinder F to the reservoir B. The 

 oval vessel C is formed of two parls bolted together, and has an opening at 

 the top and buttom, each opening being provided with a lid or cover, which 

 are to be taken off during the lighting of the fire, but when the fire is burned 

 up the lids or covers are to be luted in a similar manner to that now practised 

 mode of closing gas retorts. 1 is a blowing machine, for supjdying air to the 

 vessel C by means of two pipes which are so arranged that the air may be 

 admitted either above or below the lire ; J is a water wheel for giving motion 

 to the blower and other parts of the apparatus, which will be described in 

 the action of the machi.ie, which is as follows. 



The fire in the grate D having burnt up the bonnets or covers on the end4 

 of the vessel C are, to be luted, fthese covers may if required be provided 

 with weighted levers to act as safely valves,) this being done the water wheel 

 may be moved round a few times so as to force a quantity of air into the 

 Vessel C, should there not be any water fo this purpose the inventor pro- 

 poses to inject a few ounces of water into the fire for the pur|K>se of generat- 

 ing a qu mtity of gas or " fumific" matter to give the first impulse to the 

 machinery. Mr. (i. observes, that for every degree of heat, air e.vpands about 

 one four hundredth and »ighti»th part, so that at a temjieraturc of 480" the 

 bulk of air admitted into the vessel C will be dcubled, in which state it wid 

 pass through the pipe E into the vessel F, an<l will force the water from such 

 vessel up the pipe II inln ilie reservoir B, a portion of the water no raised 

 passes along the trough L to drive the water-wheel, the motion of which after 

 the water is forced from the vesstd F closes a valve at the bottom of the pipP 

 E, and opens a valve at the bottom of the pip M, which latter allows the 



e.tpanded air to pass into the aimosphere, the rarefied airin the vessel C bei.n^ 

 prevented passing into the cylinder F by tlie c'osing of the vaUe aforesaid •- 

 The air liaving e-cuped from the vessel F, I lie same is refilled with water from' 

 the reservoir A. which passes through the pipe G ready for another stroke of 

 the engine, which is performed in the manner above described. The speeifi" 

 cation shows the mode of applying this description of engine to the purpose 

 of propelling bi>ats or vessels and also carriages upon a line of railway, in th*' 

 former case the "fumific" matters pass through pipes, which jiipes pasl» 

 through the sides of the vestel so as to give motion to the ves.sel by the re-" 

 action caused by the fumific matter acting against the water. In the latter' 

 ease the gas or fumific matter ia allowed lo escape through a pipe whicU' 

 passes through the longitudinal slit or opening of a traction pipe, similai' 

 to those now employed in atmospheric railways, but which traction pipe" 

 may be constructed of brick or other material, as its ebject is merely tif 

 prevent as much as possible the lateral expansion which would be the ea»^' 

 if the fumific matters escaped into the open air. The in ventor in sorr^; 

 cases prop( ses to supply the lire with coal dust or pounded resin or othc» 

 combustible matter. 



IMPROVEMENTS IN IRON AND STEEL. 



Joii.N James OsnoFNR, of Macclesfield, Chester, Gentleman, for"//a/»* 

 vcntion of Certain Improvements in the Manifncliire of lion and Steel, end iff 

 Furnaces to be employed Jor such or similar Mtiniifiictnre. (Conmunicitiosv.)— ^' 

 Granted 16lh January ; Enrolled July, 1845. 



The improvement consists, first, in a composition lo be added to pig-iroiV 

 or cast iron, when in a melted stale, consisting of 2 lbs. common salt, 2H»»^ 

 lime, and 15 lbs. iron slag from ihe forge, for an ordinary charge of 3 lo V 

 cw t of pig iron, the ingredients to lie well incorporated, and, Ijy means of atf 

 iron spoon, added, in small quantities at a lime, to the melted mass, amS 

 then stirred up. The iron is then lo be puddled and heated, in the usual way 

 of making bar-iron. For making sheer-steel, a mixture of 2 lbs. commci^ 

 alt, 2 lb. quicklime, and 2 lb. pear! ash, or 41b. c;rbonate of soda, mixed, anil 



