1845.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



2f)l 



remove the soil which has accnnmlated around the walls, to re-ope» tlie 

 original wintiows, to thorouKhly scrape and cltranse the walls of the 

 interior, to substitute open oak sittings for the present irregular puts, 

 and, as far as possible, to restore this part of the cliurch to its former 

 beauty, and render it more becumiug the worship of God." 



St. Siclwlas, Great I'tinnoiith, iVor/o//c.— This church is cue of the 

 largest parachial edifices in the kinKdom. It consists of a chancel with 

 north and south aisles, a nave with norlli and south aisles, and a 

 transept, over the intersection tif which and the nave is erected the 

 tower and spire. Its great peculiarity is, that the nave is considerably 

 smaller than the aisles, both as regard.-i iiei^ht and breadth. The church 

 of Cheux, in Normandy, is somewhat similar. It has suOered dreadfully. 

 Among other things, tlie east wall has been taken down, with about nine 

 feet of the side walls, by which means one of the three windows on each 

 side has been totally destrojt'd, and the east wall re-built in the most 

 ordinary manner, with an ofl'ensive carpenter's window. Some other 

 noble windows have been partially blocked up, and the remaining space 

 tilled by a barbarous imitation in wood of (iothick tracery. The spire has 

 been considerably shortened ; tasteless battlements have been substituted 

 for the ancient parapet; and the whole of the south side and west front 

 (as well as the to\ver,1 covered with most unseemly plaster. It is now 

 proposed thoroughly to restore this church, and to secure the poor remains 

 of the priory (whioh adjoins it,) from its present use as a stable. The 

 architect is I\!r. Hakewill: the estimate is oOUO/. It looks well for the 

 Reeling of the College of Arms, that Kouge Dragon should be one of the 

 secretaries for the restoratiim. 



We have received the following account of St. Michaers, Clifton, Oxon, 

 from a correspondent. The only thing which we tind to object against 

 this restoration, is the panelling, &c., of the altar and the character of the 

 spire. " The whole interior and a great part of the exterior is entirely 

 new, Bnd it is only the massive, low, round pillars which mark its ancient 

 date. The restoration has been carried out at the sole expense of the lord 

 of tiie manor. The front is new, square, and very richly carved. The seats 

 are all open, of oak, with plain square ends, free and unappropriated, 

 excepting two seats which are cushioned and stand in the most convenient 

 place in the nave, and are reserved for the poorest and most infirm 

 people in the parish. The pulpit is of stone, with rich carvings ; the 

 letlern good. There is no risible division between the nave and chancel 

 outside ; within there is erected a handsome oak screen. The chancel 

 has an extremely rich appeaeance. All tlie wiudows are tilled with 

 stained glass. The altar is of stone, and solid, paual.ed and ornamented 

 with carving ; the top is a thick stone slab, ou which stand two 

 handsome gilt candlesticks. On the north of the chancel, stands a very 

 fine canopied tomb, with a recumbent elligy of the refounder*s brother, 

 who died about three years ago, clad as a merchant. There are two 

 rowsof stalls in the chancel, which is paved with encaustick tiles. The 

 church is lighted by two large coronie with wax candles. There is daily 

 service. The porcli on the south is of sione and very spacious. The 

 roof is of a rery high pitch, filled with dark oak. The whole eilect is 

 most religious. The bells, five in number, are hung one over another 

 in a small spire : I have not seen one before like it ; they can only be 

 chimed. There is a floriated east gable cross. There is also a very 

 good new lych-gate of dark stained oak with seats in the interior, very 

 high pitched ; surmounted by a gilded cross, and appropriately carved 

 with texts from the burml service. The poor are proud, as they well may 

 be, of their little chixixh."—Ecdcsiologist. 



IVIISCEIiiXiANSA. 



CoNSUMmoN OF Iron in France. — A great many experiments are being 

 made in Prance in the improvement of working torged iron bars, and cast iron, !n tlie 

 manner in wliich It is generally useri by the trade, which, in \8-\:i, produced to the value 

 of l,:.7l»,17;{/., composed of small round iron bars or rods, split iron, iron wire, cast iron, 

 tin, and cast metal. The quantity of lurge iron used in tlie same period amounted to 

 the value of SO.UH/. The total producuon being annually only 154,073 tons, there 

 would remuin for the trade 'Jl.tifW ions of large iron. The quantits of moulded iron 

 amounts to i>'t,'2:"A tons; besides there were 2,;J4;i tons of cast iron, which were used in 

 the steel forces, from which it will be seen that France cannot produce sufficient iron 

 for her (orges and other lactories, so that, to make up the deficiency, she is obliged to 

 import it from foreign countries, particularly England and Belgium, the German States, 

 SJaYoy, &c. In 18-13, the quantity consumed was 2ji;,*JU tons. The Government is giv. 

 ing every encouragement to the improvement in the making of iron and steel, and the 

 working of the iron mines by the local authorities rendered every facility they can to the 

 ironmasters. The Chambers of Commerce in the different mining districts or depart, 

 menls have also, within the last few years, distributed prizes to those who have not nil 

 produced the greatest quantity of metal, but made improvements in amalgamating or 

 casting it. It will be many years to come before France will be able to meet the demand 

 for iron now making for ;he numerous railways being constructed in nearly every point 

 of the kingdom, as well as lor iron ship-building, and manufactories where steam machi- 

 nery* Is Hsed in the building of residences, &c., where iron is employed as pillars, rafts, 

 and frontage, so that she must import it fr'mi Wales, the north of England, and Scot- 

 land, or else Belgium ; but, as her iron is far inferior to our metal, and nearly as dear, 

 and having an extensive demand for her own consumption, the iron trade of this country 

 is becoming one of the most lucrative enterprises, not only for our own railways now 

 beiug laid down, and will be for three or four years hence, but for exportation. — "Win- 

 ing Journal." 



The Gatge Commission has resumed its sittings after an interval of more 

 than a month. The brond gauge part of the inquiry was entered upon by the uxumin- 

 ation of BIr. Gooch, locomotive superintenrlent of the (Jreat Weslein. IHr. Brunei aud 

 Sir. Saunders, the secretary of the Great Western, will follow. 



Iron Stkamkr. — On .Snturdav a now in-n steamer, intended to ply hoiween 

 this port iinA Dublin, and built for the City of Duldtn, and built for the City' of Dublin 

 Stcum-packet Company, was luuucbed from the buildinjiyard of .Mr. IVter ( ato, Bruns- 

 wick Dock. She it Intended for the cattle trade, and may be considi-Ti-d one of the 

 strnngest vessels cvvr constructed. She has been built entirely of Suiffordshlie iron. Her 

 length is 173 feet, her breadth ■J4 feet, her depth 14 feet, unU Iwr measurement (old) 

 about SO I tons. Her build throughout is very plain and subatanthd ; and ahould her 

 engines be ot suHicient power, which is somewhat donbitul, her »pi>ed It U thought will 

 be above the average rate of cuttle Bt^-amern. Her draught of water, wlien her engines 

 and masts are fitird up. will I.e abtvii eight feet. She was launched In splendid style» 

 about hair past U o'clock; but, unfortunately, owing to the wetness of tlie forenoon, 

 the number of spectators was considerably less than It would otherwuys have been. She 

 was named the Itoscommon, after one of the Irish countleit, from which the principal, 

 materials of her traHic are expected to be brouglit. The steamer sat grueefi.tly upon her 

 native element, and was towed round by a steam-tug to tho Clurence.dock, where her 

 hollers will be put in and her masls supplied. It is thought rhv will be ready for sea lu 

 about a monih. After the launch about 8i> ladles and gentlemen sat down to an elegant 

 dejeuni- in Iho moubllng-room. Mr. Grantham deliverefl an excellent speech ou the 

 occasion, illustrative of the superiority of iron over timber for shipbuilding-. It was 

 remarked. In the course of the proceedings, that there are not hnlf u d. zen wooden 

 steamers in course of enction throu^ihuut nil England, f'o rapidl/ and generally 

 has the use of iron been ndopted ut the several ports, and that Mr. Cato was noiv building 

 four additionul iron steamers, the first of which, intended for the City of Di-bbn Company, 

 and to ply between Dublin and London, will be ready for launching in about a mouth. — 

 ' Liverpool Albion.* 



UoMAN A^TIQUlTl^:s — Tlie remains of a Roman villa, of considerable extent, 

 have been recently discovered near Whealley, Oxi'ordshire, and some excivallons have 

 been made under the direction of Dr. Bruniet, a member of the A rcluL-o logical In.-«titute. 

 All that has yet been marie out is u hypocaust and a bath. Drawings of these liave becri 

 made by Mr. Jewitt, for the Institute. These remains are distant about u mile and a half 

 from the palace of the Bishop of Oxford at Cuddesdcn. 



Tlie various returns continue to prove tlu'ca^erne.ss wi'h ts-Iiich the labour- 

 ing classes accept the boon of the bath and the \vash-house,— and the consequent pro- 

 gress of the good spirit of cleanliness throuKhout the land. D'lring the last season, the 

 Committee of the Houseless Poor voted the sum of 100^ for the titting-up of a washing' 

 and bathing apparatus, lor the inmates of the eastern iisylum ; and, in the short space of 

 nineteen evenings, 9f>7 individuals availed themselves of its advantages. Un the closing 

 of that asylum, the apparatus was placed nt the disposal of an association for promotioe 

 cleanliness amongst the poor; which association commenced its operations by allowing 

 necessitous persons to wash and bathe gratuitously in the buildings. The iiumb'4ro£ 

 those who hnve benehtted by this permiidiuu amounts now, ut the end of iweuty'two 

 weeks, to lM,0-'7. 



KxcAv.XTioNS AT PoMPEii. — The fnllowinj; extract pivini; an account of 

 recent excavations at Pompeii, on the occasion of the Italian Scientific Congn-ss Meeting 

 at Naples, is taken from a letter published in the Athenieum. " The ground now to be 

 opened had already been prepared, that is to say, the outer crust UuA been taken away to 

 the depth of ten or fifteen, or in some cases, twenty feet, leaving a crust of only three or 

 about toiu- feet. Below this lie all the treasures which have been crushed to earth, how- 

 e%*er massive, by the snpi'rincumbent mass of ashes, and this lort er crust is never touched 

 excoiit in the presence of the authorities. It was im anxious moment, 1 assure you, when, 

 the lirst stroke was given to the soil— every eye was set, and every neclt outsirutched in 

 expectation of seeing treasures of Art turned up every moment. Several houses, however, 

 were excavated without anything being discovered— indeed, sometimes they weie aban- 

 doned without being one-half cleared out— the parties engaged appearing to know as if by 

 a kind of instinct which sites were likely to prove pvoductive. Eveninally. many articles 

 of artistic value were brought to light, amongst which I may mention a fountain adorned 

 with mosaics, arul close to it a marble table supported by lions' paws beautilully cut j in 

 bronze, some vases extremely elegant; several and ditferent coins of a small size belong- 

 ing to the reigns ot Gulba and Vespasian, an oil jar, with handles representing two 

 extremely beauiilol human figures embracing the neck of the vase; small tripods sustain- 

 ing candlesticks; in creta many amphorie and vases of ditferent forms; ;ni:l, in marble, 

 hve stiitues of ditferent sizes and subjects, of which one well-draped ligure of a woman haa 

 the peculiarity of representing a skeleton with a flame near, intended perhaps for Canidia 

 on Envy, or as Cav. Avellino suggested .tt the Section the lolloping .-iay, «ne of the 

 Piircu?. These objects of interest wtre placed on the table in the Tcin|de ul Augustus lor 

 the curious scrutiny of the multitude. In this manner were excavated nearly twenty 

 houses ; and, alter a day of intense interest, with the most delighttul weather, we returned 

 towards the evening to Naples." 



Thk GAZF-Trr of|Agusburg mentions the death, at Florence, of iho Nestor 

 of modern archieologogists, as it describes him. James Millengen.— after a short illness, 

 and just when he was preparing to pay a last visit to his native cumtry. For twenty- 

 four years past he has resided principally in Florence. ** It Is to pr;ictic.d nrchienlogy in 

 particniar," says the very laudatory correspondent of the 'Gazette,' "that his lafjours 

 have such great importance— thoujih its science had never before him.a man of experience 

 so rich, (.act so sure, or criticism so correct." Mr. Millingen is best knonii '-ty his work, 

 * Ancient Unedited Monuments of Grecian Art,' begun some twenty years since, and dis- 

 continued for want of pulilic patronnge,— The French pa|)ers mention the ileutli, in thai 

 capital, of Juan-Earia de Maury-Pleville. a member ot the Spanish Academy The 

 'Journal des Debates' gives a list of works chiefly poetical, publislicd.ir written by 

 him, both in Spanish and in French,— with which latter language he had acquired a, 

 perfect familiarity. He has left behind him two unpublished poems— about to be in- 

 cluded in a complete edition of his works uudertaken bv a Spanish boolcseller, and 

 announced before the author's death ; and an inquiry, of great interest, says the Journal, 

 into the principles of versification in all languages — portions of which have olituioed the 

 high commendation of tha Spanish Academy. The Paris papers report the de;<th, at; 

 Algiers, at the df^e of 56, of the Doctor Antouini ; charged with the itispecimn of that 

 French settlement— in whieh he has resided since the conquest. Dr. Anto- ini h.id col- 

 lected an immense body of valuable particulars relalive to the country; which he was 

 preparing to arrange and classify, on his approaching return to France— when he fell a 

 victim to his necessary exposure amid the intolerable heats of the summer months. 



New Park at Baitersta. — The Cummissioners uf Wuuds and I'orests 

 havo given notice of their intention t« apply, during the next Session oi Parliament, for a 

 bill to form a new pnrk at Battersea— on about ;!.'iO acres of lanti, stretching trom the 

 banks of the Thames, between Battersea and Nine Elms, as far as Wandsworth. 



AV'ellington Statue at Glasgow. — The Glasgow i-apers inform us iliat 

 the Wellington statue in that city has been subjected to a further mutilation ; one of iht- 

 bas-reliefs on its pedestals baviog been injured— happily, it is said, to nu very serious 

 extent. 



Melrose Aubey. — In consequence of the uanum d;im:i,L'e (lone to the 



Abbey of Melrose, by tourists, and other vi^itors, in chipping and lU'tacing its beauliuil 

 carvings and stone-woik, and carrying otf the fragments as ru-lics, its n.blr? owner, tht 

 Dulie of Buccleuch, has felt himself torai-elled to exclude the public, for the lulurc, tiom 

 the inspection of the ruins. 



TuRNPiKK-Ko.\ns ani> Railroads. — There are 30.000 miles of turnpike- 

 roads in this country, and there are at present (J.UbO miles of railway. 



A monumetit of very elegant design lias bciM rcccnily erc'c'ed in Saint 

 George's churchyard, Biroiingham, to the memory of the Kite 3Ir. Itickmun, architect. 



