77//i I.O.inr.D \l HM.IKIXli ir.l.liCN.U'll C.IHI.Ii A,.? 



variable sinci- it comprises, in addition to tin- rosislatici- of the copper 

 conductor, etTecli\e resistance due to eddy currents and hysteresis 

 in the loadini; material, l>otli of which \ary witli fre(iuenc>' and current 

 anjplitude. I'lirlhermore, there is \arial)le inductance and resistance 

 in the return circuit outside tlie insulated conduitor wliicli must !"■ 



O.I 



0.Z 0.3 0.4 



SECOND 



0.5 



0.6 



Fig. i — .\rrival Curves, a. .N'on-loatlcd cable, b. Ideal loaded cable, c. Real 

 loaded cable Capproximate) 



taken into account. .Xithougii it is very difficult to compute the 

 e.xact arrival curve of a cable subject to all of these variable factors, 

 an approximate calculation in a specific case like that of the New 

 York-Azores cable shows that the arrival curve has the general shape 

 f)f Curve c of Fig. H. It will \te noticed that although this arrival 

 curve lacks the sharp definite head, characteristic of the ideal loaded 

 cable, it still has a relatively sharp rise and that the lime ref|uired 

 for the impulse to traverse the cable is nf)l greatly difTcrent from 

 that of the ideal loaded cable. 



