604 BELL SYSTEM TECIISICAL JOURNAL 



Group XV is devoted to the semivowels n and m, each recordea 

 with the three vowel sounds oo, long e and a, by the two male speakers, 

 as in the preceding group, droups Xl\' and XV are intimately- 

 related, and as will appear the four semi-vowel sounds are closely 

 related to the vowel diagram. 



When this study was planned, il was thought that the apparatus 

 would be particularly adapted to recording vowel sounds and no great 

 hopes were entertained of applying it to definitive investigation of the 

 consonant sounds. As the work progressed however, it was found that 

 some of the characteristics of the consonant sounds could be recorded 

 and the program was enlarged to include the records of Groups XIV 

 to XVII inclusive. Each of the records of a consonant and vowel 

 combination can be compared with the corresponding record, by the 

 .same speaker, of the pure vowel alone in one of the earlier groups, and 

 certain conclusions as to the nature of the consonant sound can be 

 formed. 



Group XVI includes records of the si.\ stop (or "hard") consonants 

 b, p,d, I; g, k; followed by two transitional consonants dth (as in tliot) 

 Ih (as in thin); each associated with the vowel a, and recorded by the 

 two male speakers. The natural arrangement is in pairs, the related 

 voiced and unvoiced variations being grouped together. 



The last Ciroup (XVII) includes records of eight fricative ("soft" 

 or "sibilant") consonants paired in the same way. These are i;, /; 

 j, ch; z, s; zh (azure), sh\ each associated with a and recorded by the 

 two male speakers. 



The following table lists in groups all the records made. As it is 

 not practicable to engrave and print with this article the whole set of 



lAlil.K 1 



Complete List of Speech Records 



(Iroiip Plates 



I 00 as in pool, liy Kinlit Spcakfrs 1- 8 



1 1 H as in put, liy Ki^ht S]H-.ikiTS 9- 10 



III as in tone, li'y K'^hi Spuakers 17- 24 



IV' a as in /.;/*, by Kighl S|K'akers 25- 32 



V o as in ton, hy Ki^lit Speakers i3- 40 



V'l a as in father, by Kij;lit Speakers 41- 48 



VII iir us in part, !)> KiKht Speakers 49-56 



VIII u as in tap, hy KiKht Speakers 57- 64 



IX f as in ten, \>y Kiglit S|x'akers 65- 72 



X rr as in perl, by Kijjht SfH'akers 73- 80 



XI a as in tape, by Kight Speakers 81- 88 



XII I as in tip, by Kinht Speakers 89- 96 



XIII r as in team, l>\- Kinht S|K-akers 97-104 



XIV SeniiA'owels /, iij; bv two male speakers 105-1 16 



X\' ScniiAoweis H, m by I wo male speakers 1 1 7 1 28 



\\'\ Six Si()(i Cunsiinanls; transitional ilth, th; by two male speakers.. 129 UO 

 X\ll Kiglit l-riralive Consonants, by two male S|>eakers 145 104 



