THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



60 



the blades • c the screw into which a small pinioa takes ; d, the pinion 

 s, inme ;, .; the weight or cylindrical case ; /,/, horizontal beanngs ■, 

 tooth and pinion wheels : /., a longitudinal stop ; i, ; .ndicator. , /, (, a 

 lemicircuirr channel, filled «ith an adhesive compound for the purpose o 



[Feb. 



Fig.l. ^'^•2- 



ascertainiugwhetherthelog reaches the bottom or not, by collecting particles 

 !;fHirtLr rubble therefrom. The action is as follows :-The log, on de- 

 scend ng raS ly through the wa.er, causes the blade 6 to rotate which is 

 transra^Ued^o the tooth and pinion-wheels.g-, and from thence to the hand, 

 or ind™ atorsl i, which revolve until the log has reached the bottom, when 

 U is necessarv in order to keep the hands or indicators in the position last 

 nilTedb'^ie motion of the rotator, to employ the stop, A, which is put 

 in acltn by the pressure of water when the log is being withdrawn, there- 

 by preventing a retrogressive movement of the hands. 



GODDARD'S IMPROVED ANEMOMETER. 

 It consists of a double vane, shaped like a truncated cone, the small ends 

 being fixed to a brass tube about 1 inch in bore; this tube, pene rating the 

 roif, rests on a hollow socket fixed into a table, which supports the instru. 

 "ent ; immediatelv above the table the tube passes through a sohd cylinder 

 ^hosetopis cut .oblique to the axis, thus forming a solid termed a hoof, 

 The tube forming its axis ; so that as the wind shifts its quarters, vane bra 

 tube, and hoof, all revolve together in the plane of the horizon : beside this 

 rotating hoof, a brass piece is placed vertically upon the table, and has a 

 slit in it, so that a slider, containing a pencil, may rise and fall as the thick 

 or narrow part of the hoof comes under the slidmg pencil, the former being 

 ?he case with a north wind, and the latter with a south wind. Therefore it 

 ■will be understood that the pencil is lifted to the top of the scale at north, 

 and depressed to the lower end by a south wind ; the east and west occupy- 

 ing the mean or middle, it will be readily seen that the east and west are m 

 th! same place on the scale; but in order to distinguish them from one 

 another, a pencil (below the former pencil in its lowest excursions) is mde 

 to mark in the eastern semi-circle, and remain inactive on the western. Ihis 



is the dlreclion of the wind-pencil. , • v . • 



To the minute-hand of a clock is attached a hght arm, which, being con- 

 nected with another pencil by means of a beam (similar to that of a steatn- 

 eneine) placed in the same slider, only above the highest limit of the direc- 

 tion-pencil and its auxiliary, alternately raises and depresses it, according as 

 the minute-hand points to 30' or 60'. This is the time-pencil. Ins.de the 

 brass tube an iron rod passes, connected at the upper end with a fan wheel, 

 which the wind turns in proportion to its velocity ; and to its lower end with 

 an endless screw, which, communicating a motion to a few simple wheels, 

 gives a slosv rotating motion to a cylinder, upon which a sheet of paper is 

 fixed ■ upon this cvliuder, and whose axis is vertical, all the pencils describe 

 their evolutions. The office of the two first pencils is to record the direction, 

 and of the last the time and miles of wind; it being previously ascertained 

 how many revolutions of the fan-wheel correspond to a mile or ten miles of 



wind. i 1 1 i 1 



The advantages of this anemometer are stated to be : — 



1. That the scale of time is five times greater within an equal compass of 

 paper than Mr. Osier's. . . , .„„„, 



2. That the register of direction is fully eight times as large, with equal 

 sized sheets, as that of the ordinary construction. 



3. The data registered are more comprehensive than those of \>hevTell'5, 

 Osier's, or Foster's, viz. : — 



1. Miles of wind blown during the day. 



2. Miles of wind blown in each direction. 



3. Miles of wind blown between any given periods. 



4. Hour and minute of the highest gust. 



5. Hours in which most wind has blown. 



6. Times of calms, and length of continuance. 



7. Velocity of wind at any hour. • j „e 



8. Time occupied by the wind going any certain distance at any penod ot 



the day. 



9. Direction of wind at any minute. 



10. Mean direction. 



11. Direction of longest continuance. 



12. Direction of greatest passage of wind. 



INTERN'.\L FITTINGS OF ST. DENIS. 

 In the Annalen Archeologiqv.es for October, appears an able criticism, by 

 the Baron de Guilhermy, of the recent restoration of the Abbey of St. Denis, 

 near Paris. The severity of this paper, from which some extracts are given 

 below, is fullv justified by the obvious incompetence of the architect, and 

 the desecration of an ancient and beautiful edifice by modern make-shift 

 expedients. We can testify from personal observation that the architecture 

 of the Abbey now looks very pretly, but prettiness and the imitative decora- 

 tion now exhibited in St. Denis are worthy only of the gaudy shops in the 

 Palais Royal. 



" The capital vice of the actual decoration of St. Denis is to our eyes the 

 bsence of all serious character. You would fancy you saw the work of a 

 sceptical and mocking age, which, forced to raise up again the ruins of the 

 old church, wished to indemnify itself for this constraint by treating in the 

 most cavalier fashion things of a class altogther grave and respectab e. Here 

 they have plaved at catacombs, and at primitive Christians ; there they have 

 pruned a/ay'from the legends the miracles which God could not have 

 wrought without wounding our reason ; elsewhere they give you, by way of 

 tombs of the martvrs, blocks of stone which only possess the appearance of 

 such and altars re'allv consecrated shelter under their tables those lying re- 

 presentations ; finalW, to crown the derision, two or three square metres of 

 bad red serge, hung to a pole of gilt wood, at the end of the apse, sacrile- 

 gfou Iv parod; that glorious Oriflamme of France, which our fathers in their 

 feligio'us enthusiasm, imagined was sent down from Heaven, and placed by 

 an angel in the hands of the first Christian king. 



"Chapels of the Nave.-Seven chapels border the nave of St. Denis on 

 the north ; the first serves for a lodging to the guardians of the church, and 

 the seventh is occupied by the two mausoleums of Louis Ml. and Henry 11. 

 The five other chapels have been restored to the purposes of worship, and at 

 the present hour the last hand is being actually put to their decoration. Two 

 alone amongst them, those of St. Martin, and the Trinity preserve their an- 

 cient titles • the three others, which bore the names of St. Lawrence, St. 

 Louis, and St. Denis, have lost their old patrons. But an lUustrious martyr 

 We S Laurence, a king like St. Louis, an apostle like St Denis, merited 

 some regard; accordingly they have given them a compensation m the cha- 

 peb ofihe apse, wheil they have in their turn supplanted saints of ale s 

 ?alue The con usion resulting from all these displacements, wnll in no little 

 degree obscure the history of the Abbey, for him who won d wish to study it 

 in the different works lefi bv the Benedictines. It was not withou a mot ve 

 that the monks of St. Denis had settled the titles of their different chapels; 

 the cho'ce of each patron was connected with some remarkable circumstance 



'" .Vlt,'°5eiuVtt ":coS of the lateral chapels of the nave has been 

 treattd as if it were a case of furnishing the halls of a museum. The people 

 who had suppressed the Museum des Petits-Augustins, and -/>.o "O '""g" 

 knew wh.t?o do with the immense quantity of fragments of which this co 1- 

 lecL was composed, entertained the unhappy thought of enriching St 

 Denis with the spoils of a hundred churches. On their side the archilects 

 cave themselves incredible pains to make use of all these rf.*r«. So that 

 fhe eve is evrv where shocked with a disorderly accumulation of sculptures 

 which have neither connection of subject nor community of origin, nor 



''"" Sr1:S."elievi of the sixteenth centnry are fixed in the wall " . . 

 " In order to give this chapel an altar worthy to figure m the midst of a like 

 di'ordet lev have gone and chosen in the magazine of arches, several 

 pointed a ches of the thirteenth century in coloured stone formerly com- 

 prisedln the decoration of the charming apse of the Samte Chapelle a Paris 

 aid on these supports of a new sort is placed a great slab which forms the 

 ^e"ofth:aUar'.' At one stroke the S-te Cl>apelle las be^n eprived of 

 in imnnrtant portion of its ancient ornamentation, and St. Denis has Been 

 enr died with a litiable monument. These arches so disposed form an open 

 snlcc a sot of cage, whose bars emprison a statue reclining on a sheet ; 

 o'ok ;t it w 11 and%'u will recognise the lover of Diana of P-fers, Henry 

 in who here fulfils the functions of a Christ in the sepulchre. • • • • Abov^ 

 biilC of sufficientlv profane composition rises a curious reredos of «ood 

 this altar or suratiemij p . ^_ sculpture proves 



workedwth more patience than art inebiju-u'^' v ' 



Tr lemish origin. Finallv our chapel has been entirely painted hut m place 

 of lotMng ifwith those briUiant colours of azure and go d for which the 

 middle ages had such an affection, they have given it a costume of the sad- 

 rft and pal Ttii,.. Certain columns reproduce, on a gigantic scale those 



