\Hi7.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



cif metal v\illi wliicli it is intended to be coated, and from thence to 

 reels, on which it is to be wound ; lliese having motion communicated 

 to them from some primary moving power, effectually pull it through 

 the different machines, by which it is cleansed as hereinbefore de- 

 scribed. 



Having thus set forth the nature of his invention, and the manner of 

 carrying the same into effect, he wishes it to be understood, that al- 

 tliough he has described it as being peculiarly applicable to iron wire, 

 used for telegr.iphic purposes, he does not confine himself thereto, as 

 It is equ.diy well adapted for steel wire ; and the second part tliereof, 

 preparatory to receiving a coat of other metal, may be applied to 

 various other descriptions of wire. He claims, first, tiie welding iron 

 bars end to end, scarf-wise, and afterwards drawing them through 

 suitable machinery, with regard to the order in which the same is 

 performed ; second, the cleansing the surface of wire by the machinery 

 before described, preparatory to receiving a coating of zinc, tin, or 

 other metal suitable for the prevention of oxidation. 



STEAM BOILERS. 



Geore Lodge, of Leeds, Yorkshire, engineer, for " Tmprovemenls in 

 haling mater, gtnerating steam, and sarn^g- /;«/."— Granted August 

 lU, 1S4(;; Enrolled February 10, 1847.— (Reported in JVtwfe»'s Lvn- 

 don Journal.) 



This invention consists in an improved arrangement of apparatus 

 wherebv the heating of water may be economically effected (an in- 

 creased heating surface being exposed to the action "of the fiame and 

 heated gases), and a large supply of steam may be quickly generated. 

 The apparatus employed for this purpose is shown in figs". 1 and 2, as 

 applied to a furnace in conjunction with an ordin.irv wagon-shaped 

 boiler. It consists of two rectangular vessels or chambers of iron, set 

 parallel to each other, one on either side of the fire-place, and con- 

 nected together in front by a hollow arch, made also of iron. These 

 vessels or chambers are intended to receive the water from the force 

 pump, and, by means of pipes, with which thev are provided, to con- 

 duct the water over a considerable heating surface before it enters the 

 wagon-sbuped boiler. Fig. 1, is a sectional elevation of a furnace. 



fitted according to tb- invention, the front end plates of the clumbers 

 b-fore-mentioned being removed; and fig. 2, is a sectional plan of the 

 improved generating apparatus, taken in the line 1, 2, of fig 1 a „ 



riyZ 



are the t.vo rectangular chambers, through which the water pass's on 

 its way to the boiler. It is obvious that these chambers in.iy be of a 

 cylindrical or other required form, but the construction shown in the 

 drawing is preferred, as ar, extensive heating surface is thereby pre- 

 sented to the fire. 6, is the hollow arch, connecting the two chimbers 

 tagether, and forming a passage for the water from one chamber to 



J8I 



the other; c, is the boiler, resting on the chambers a, a, and connected 

 to the chamber a, by a pipe d; e, is a pipe leading from the supplv- 

 pump to the chamber a ; andy, is a pipe within'the chamber a, and 

 lorming a continuation to the pipe e, for the purpose of conductino- the 

 water, as it is supplied by the forc.-pump, to the opposite end ot^ the 

 chamber at which it enters, as shown bv the arrows in fi». 2. The 

 other chamber a, is similarly provided with a pipe g, forming a con- 

 tinuationof the pipe rf, and having an open end near the back end of 

 that chamber. By this arrangement it will be understood that the 

 water, as it enters at the pipet, will flow along the pipey; to the back 

 end of the chamber a; it will then return to the front, and, bv the 

 continued action of the pump, be made to rise up the hollow arch b, 

 and pass into the chamber a. When it has traversed the length of 

 that chamber, it will enter the pipeg-, and, passing forward, will rise 

 up the pipe d, and flow into the boiler in a lieattd state. 



On referring to the elevation, fig. 1. it will be seen that the boiler is 

 fixed so that the play of the flame around it will be precisely the same 

 as in the ordinary mode of setting such boilers; the heat is therefore 

 as economically employed with regard to its action on the water in 

 the boiler as heretofore. The chambers a, a, (which occupy the 

 place hitherto filled with solid brick-work for supporting the boiler) 

 will therefore, in exposing the water on its passage to the boiler to the 

 action of the fire, cause it to take up a considerable portion of heat 

 that might otherwise be lost ; and as the water is thus submitted to the 

 fire in a comparatively small body, it will become quickly heated, 

 and, entering the boiler in that state, will speedily be converted into 

 steam. 



The patentee claims the improved arrangement, above described, 

 for raising the temperature of water on its passage to the boiler, 

 whereby steam may be more quickly generated than by conveying the 

 water directly from the well or supp.y-cistern to the boiler, and also 

 an economy of fuel will result. 



VALVES FOR SEWERS. 



James Lysander Hale, of Hackney, Middlesex, civil engineer, for 

 " ctrlain impronments in uwtrage and drainage, and apparatus con- 

 nected thtreioith, parts of w/i/ch are applicable to steam-engines." — 

 Granted October 27, 1810 ; Enrolled April 27, 1847. 



The improvements relate to preventing the escape of noxious air, 

 vapouis, steam, gas, &c., Iroin dr..ins, engines, &c., and obviating the 

 corrosion of the hinges us.d in apparatus connected therewith. For 

 this purpose, instead of forming the cuinmon traps for drains of iron, 

 as usual, the inventor makes the frame of brown earthenware or other 

 suitable lasting and non-corroding substance, pl.iced in the usual way 

 at the entrance to the drain. The vaive is constructed of a piece of 

 vulcanized india-rubber, large enough to cover the opening of the trap, 

 aud to give sufficient lap ; the edge is secured to the frame of earthen- 

 ware by rivets, or cement manufactured for similar purposes, by the 

 Kamptulicon Coinfiany. The sheet of vulcanized india-rubber has a 

 metal plate, or a sione, placed on the back, which, by its weight, keeps 

 the face of the valve close to its seat. 



Another trap for sewers is made with a number of bars on the back, 

 instead of the metal plate or stone as above described ; the vulcanized 

 india-rubber is atlixed to the earthen frame as before; the bars are se- 

 cured by cement or rivets, in the direction or length of the part secured, 

 forming tiie hinge; the water, as it issues from the pipe into the 

 sewer, only raises the valve to the extent necessary to admit of the 

 passage of the water escaping; the space between each bar forming 

 u hinge, on which each bar moves, consequently there is no room for 

 the escape of noxious vapours, the valves being always closed down 

 to the surface of the water. The metal for the bars the patentee pre- 

 fers is galvanised, or tinned iron. 



The next improvement is for a ventilator, to be placed on the top 

 of flues leading from places requiring ventilation — consisting of two 

 cylinders o( galvanised sheet iron or zinc, of different diameters ; the 

 smallest is placed on the top of the chimney ; it has several openings 

 in the sides near the upper end; the top is closed by a plate of metal ; 

 the large cylinder is only about half the length of the other, but at the 

 same time sufficient to piotect the openings in the smaller one (over 

 which it is placed; from side currents, while, at the same time, space 

 sufficient lor the escape of smoke or vapour is allowed between the 

 two ; the external ci Under is supported from the smaller one bvstavs, 

 and in such a way as not to obstruct the passage between them. 



25 



