100 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



[April, 



NEW CHURCHES. 



SiR—AViU you allow me to notice the inaccuracy of the acconnt of All 

 Saints Church, Rise, Yorkshire, extracted from the Eccksiologtst, and 

 riven in your last number? • , r „ 



For that account, should be substituted,-That this church consists of a 

 chancel (correctly propo.tioned) and nave, vvith a south porch, a massive 

 tower, and broach spire, " .n the first pointed style ;" the nave will seat 

 220 persons ; the cost is about £4,000. The extenor .. whol y of York- 

 shire (West Riding) grit stone, in regular courses, backed uith brick ; all 

 the inside arches and splayed jambs of the windows and jambs of doors 

 nre dressed stone ; the nave walls are plastered, but two lines of scrolls 

 are cut out and filled in with Martin's cement, which is used to cover al 

 the walls of the chancel. The east window is a triplet, plain outside, but 

 inside, the arch is richly moulded and supported by detached pillars. Ihe 

 chancel pillars and arch are old, and were found in the old walls m so 

 perfect a state as to be used with safety in the new building. 



This church was built for Richard Bethell, Esq., upon the s.te of 

 the old church, near his mansion. Hot-water pipes are laid under the 

 middle aisle from a furnace and boiler, built externally ; the pipes are 

 covered by cast brass gratings. The whole of the chaucel is paved with 

 Messrs. Minton-. encaustic tiles, and round the altar the wall is covered 

 with figured tiles up to the window sills. All the seats, pulpit, lectern, 

 stall ends, &c., of chancel, are of Norway oak. The roof has no beams, 



but is of the early form, found al How- 

 den, Hemsworth, Fenton, Cottiogham, the 

 Augustines, London, and many others, 

 which, when left open, are, after five cen- 

 turies, found in a perfect state. Each 

 rafter forms a perfect truss ; the spaces 

 between them are usually 18 to 22 inches; 

 these fir trusses are painted as oak, all the 

 boarding a pale azure, with gilt stars, 

 shaded, taken from an old boarded ceiling 

 in St. Mary's Church, Beverley. From 

 authority of ancient decorations in Eng- 

 , , ... .-„„„( the walls are coloured drab or stone— the scrolls 



land and on t>>«7''''°;°'; '^."f^e „a'>s, margined with lines of scarlet 

 as parchment, rather lighter than the 'J- („„,i5.ima mona- 



_the texts in the <^\"-''^;^ PJ^^^^'^fii ^ L lesser mouldings of the 

 clu^tes) m the P^^^^f/^^lt, '„■:., Le arches red and blue, with 

 caps and bases are gilt, the follows a , ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ 



the under sides of the -°;'^;"°X colour-pale blue ; the light reflected 

 the windows are coloured -"^ "^^^^ ~ ^^ ,bewn to great advantage 



from this pale '>'"?--;[;;" J":,' /elne absorbed the light. A cor- 

 during the execution of the ""'■k'^^ '^^^ . ,„,„^,, m,„. 



„ice of wood covers the --''%l\^^''2Tl narrow in proportion to its 

 duced, the gilding, answering for the ^^^^Jf ,,i,dows! by Wailes, 



«!>;= mas a "iraall extravagant building, Dliea wiiu oduuj 



this was a smau eiua j, u-t,„t;al pdifice the material coursed, 



T^L ;;r ::: uiS:::^::-- --- on .e tr. .... 



Trirc les even to the n,ou:dings_«o./ii«, strictly coJ,^e<l hut co.po i 

 No two buildings are to be found alike,-and why. Simp y for this 

 reason: that the principle, on having the key, is inexhaustible, and, by 



I enclose you a sketch of a small village church, which is formed upon 

 that diagram, built at Leven (four miles from Rise), and which is little 

 more than a restoration of the old church of Leven-the old pillars, arches 

 font, piscina, and other porUons are used in the new building ; the church 

 was dedicated to St. Faith. At the end of the south aisle was a chantry ; 

 part of the old rood was found and removed there. 



As I am anxious to reform many of the errors into which modern ar- 

 chitects have fallen, I will shortly send you some practical observation 



PLAN OF LEVEN CHURCH. 

 N, Nare.-A, Alsle.-C, Chancel.- V. Vestry .-P, Porcll. 



which I have made on ancient ecclesiastical works during the last twenty- 

 fire years or more. I am. Sir, 



Your very obedient servant, 



London, March 10th, 1840. R- Dennis Ch.ntrell. 



p S I have now some new churches in progress on this principle- 

 first pointed," at Halifax ; " second" (decorated), at Huddersfield and at 

 Leeds • " third" or perpendicular, at Keighley, which latter, though perfect 

 as a bulling, must be degraded by galleries, which I cannot acknowledge 

 as in any way belonging to the building. 



LEVEN CHURCH, HOLDERNESS, YORKSHIRE. 



..orfcin,^ upon that key, minates will suffice to produce new ^»^if''^^"' 

 days may be expended in copying. Almost every ancient church, too, 

 contains the diagram, upon which it has been composed. 



NOTES ON ENGINEERING, 

 IV. 



ON THE STRENGTH AND F^M OF THE MENAI TUBULAR 

 BRIDGE. 



The plan devised by Mr. R. Stephenson for a railway bridge consisting of 

 a wrought iron tube 450 feet long, is so bold in itse f, and suggests uch 

 veTyTmportant and instructive lessons respecting the theory of girders 

 thit an investigation of the principles on which it is proposed to construct 

 tie Me ai Bridge, and of the form which it will be necessary to give .t, m 

 order that its strength may be uniform in every part, cannot fail to be ,n- 



"bS entering, however, on the investigation of this particular case, it 

 may teas well t^ notice briefly the views of those eminent philosophers 

 :« hav undertaken to investigate theoretically the strength of beam. 

 We find here as in every other branch of the physical sciences that the 

 Ubo s of e c,. succeeding investigator have tended to define and simplify 

 he op nions of his predecessors ; and it is not only very interesting but 

 very useful to trace historically these modifications, because by cons.d r- 

 veryusetuiio overcome before fixed principles 



^^ultbe Subtle :;: ^ to see the essenUal nature of the princi- 



•" TheZt SiLopher who endeavoured to determine the •- regulaUog 



the strength of bodies acted upon by transverse strains was Gall.leo. The 



b ef er ofUis theory was .hat he assumed that when a body was about 



o b eakby an excessive pressure, all the parts near the racture are in a 



It of tension Another of his suppositions was that the tension of aU 



epaltoth"; section of fracture was the same. This second error was 



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