194 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



[JuLY» 



said partilioDO being horzionlal, they are as much inclined as will suit the 

 inclining position of the air-punips C C. The discharge valves p j> may be 

 applied at the top of the covpr L of each air-punip to discharae ilie water 

 into the space above the upper partiiion n. which space constitutes the hot 

 well M, and may be coniniun to both pumps. The condensers will 

 have the same kind of flarif^es, with vertical surfaces of contact and union, 

 with the corresponding surfaces of the two steam cylinders, as already de- 

 ■cribed, except that those surfaces will not be quite at the angles of the 

 condensers when the same are made as shown, but the mode of uniting 

 the two steam cylinders to the condensers by such surfaces, with holts 

 through the flanges thereof, wdl be the same as hereinbefore described, 

 and need not be repeated. And note, it is not necessary that the inclined 

 air-pumps should be put within the condenser, as is there represented, for 

 each pump may be joined to the condenser at bottom, beneath the lower 

 partition m. by means of a branch projecting laterally from the bottom of 

 the pump, or el^e projecting laterally fron) the condenser, and by an(,ther 

 branch projecting from the top of the pump it may be connected with the 

 upper part of the condenser above the upper partition n. Those branches 



Fig 2.— Section of Air Pumps end Contlenscra. 



being united to the condenser at the lower and at the upper parts thereof, 

 in a similar manner to that whereby the air-pump of a marine steam en- 

 gine, of the kind heretofore made by Messrs. Boulton and Watt, with side- 

 levers, is most commonly connected to the condenser and hot-well of such 

 an engine, except that the pumps will be inclined instead of being vertical, 

 and the pumps may, in that last-mentioned case, be somewhat more in- 

 clined than they are represented, if that is requisite, in order to give as 

 much more space of condenser between the two pumps as will give the 

 required capacity of condenser. The lower branch by which each air- 

 pump is joined to the lower part of the condenser (whether that branch is 

 formed as part of the pump, or as part of the condenser,) will join to the 

 condenser below the loner partition m, and the foot-valve o may be within 

 the interior of the condenser, or it may be within the lower branch thereof, 

 to which the air-pump is joined. If the said lower branch is formed in 

 the same casting or piece of metal with the condenser, it may project out 

 from the lower part of the condenser, and the air-pump may join thereto, 

 with a bottom flange around the lower end of the pump, or if the branch 

 is formed with the air-pump, it may join laterally to the front side of the 

 condenser, at the lower part of that side. The branch at the upper part 

 of the air-pump will have the discharge-valve or valves applied to it, 

 those valves being within the hot well, which hot well may either be a 

 space M within the condenser at the upper part thereof, above the upper 

 partition, or inside of the condenser, or the discharge valves may be in a 

 hot well, which ib formed bj a vessel distinct from the condenser. Although 



two distinct condensers and two distinct air-pnmps have been described 

 (that lieiug preferable in most cases), nevertheless, that is not essential t* 

 my improved arrangement and combination ; but the same is equally ap- 

 plicatile if the condenser is made without ihe parliliim fc so as lo be only 

 one condenser, and with only one large air-pump, equivalent in ltd capa- 

 city to the two air-pumps represented in the drawing." 



NEW METROPOLITAN CHURCHES. 



Westbuurne Terrace, Hyde Parle. — The plan of this church is nearly a 

 rectangle, and comprises a nave with low pitched roofs, north and soutk 

 aisles, wiih lean-to roofs, a chancel, an octagonal vestry at the north-east 

 angle of the church, and a tower and spire at the west end of the nave. 

 The spire is very lofty, and rises to a height of 212 feet. The length of 

 the church from east to west is 130 feet. 



In the interior of the church the nave is divided from the aisles by pier» 

 which are intersected at mid-height by galleries, which of course partially 

 obstruct the north and south windows. There is also an organ gallery 

 which communicates with the staircases by d.^ors having straight jambs 

 and lintels like the doors of an ordinary dwelling house. 



The walls of the church, the piers, the groined roofs, the walls of tb* 

 porches, staircases, &c. are all coated with stucco, on which are drawa 

 lines to mimic the jointing of masonry; the hood mouldings of the win- 

 dows are run in vile patent cement, the bosses of the roof, the capitals and 

 bases of the columns are all of the same material — moulded first and stuck 

 on afterwards. You see lying about the church the halves of bases, black 

 dingy things, not yet whitened by drying, that resemble detached hoofs 

 rather than real architectural members — these are to be fitted into their 

 places directly they are dry, and if coated with a delicate layer of colour 

 will defy detection. — Boz describes one of his humble heroines who had 

 small means of gratifying her love of dress and consoled herself with tb* 

 reflection that " a brave show may be made with ribbands for sixpence." 



The ceilings of the church are quite dazzling with white wash. Tb» 

 connoisseur in imitations will not fail to admire also the stained deal pan- 

 elling, and probably will not object to the indentations in the plaster which 

 suggest sham windows. 



The architecture of the exterior perfectly corresponds to that of the in- 

 terior. To those who have familiarized themselves with the architectura 

 of our English country churches, the tracery of the windows of the new 

 church might appear of somewhat " formal cut," but then it is very showy 

 for the money, and an approved specimen of jjaiitrn Gothic. Beneath the 

 parapet, which is panelled, is a row of grotesque masks; for the archi- 

 tect, determined to have at least some point of resemblance to ancient 

 Christian art, has selected for imitation the least admirable feature of it — 

 those barbarous and ridiculous imitations of the human form which wera 

 excusable in an age, when a familiar connection of solemn and ludicrous 

 subjects was tolerated, but which would now be pronounced impious or 

 indecent. But here the disciple has out-done his masters ; in his reverence 

 for antiquity he has produced forms more monstrous than ever disfigured 

 ancient freemasonry — Bacchanalian visages with huge tongues hanging 

 below their chins, or with fists forced into theirdistcnded cheeks, and similar 

 distortions which might make the fortune of the clown in a penny theatre 

 but seem rather out of place in a religious edifice. To compensate how- 

 ever for these barbarities we have over each porch an angel, who fervently 

 clasps a shield to his breast, and by his beaming countenance exhibits a 

 perfect ecstasy of pious beatitude. 



The general character of the architecture is ostentation in the fomia and 

 unreality in the materials— two things, by the by,. which always accom- 

 pany each other ; for where fictitious and dishonest materials are employed, 

 the fatal facility which they alTord for introducing ornament is usually too 

 strong a temptation for vulgar display to be easily resisted. Of this truth 

 the multitude of terraces and crescents which are springing up in the vici- 

 nity of the new church are lamentable examples. They look uncommonly 

 showy and fine in the lithographic views which are got up for the purpose 

 of letting the houses, but we trust that the time is not distant when by the 

 force of universal public detestation this common-place architecture will be 

 abolished forever. 



Soulk Hackney. — A new church is keing erected here from the design 

 of Mr. E.G. Hake will, and although the building is not in a very advancid 



