1841.1 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



31 



of Messrs. Pictcford, the carriers, who would, unless the court interfered to 

 protect them from the company, he obliged cither to give up the carriage 

 business altogether, or to carry it on without deriving any profit from it. It 

 appeared from the affidavits, tiiat the usual method of transmitting goods 

 from London to Liverpool and Manilicster, was by the London and Birming- 

 bam Railway to Birmingham, thence by the Grand Junction Railway to 

 Newton, and from Newton by the Liverpool and Mancliester Railway to 

 those towns respectively. The Grand Junction Company had. it appeared, 

 granted to Messrs. Chaplin and Home the accommodation of permitting the 

 trucks on ivhich their goods were placed to pass at once from the London and 

 Birmingham line to the Grand Junction line at Birmingham, and from tlie 

 Grand Junction line at Newton to the Liverpool and Manchester line, with- 

 out any change of carriage or unloading, but since September last had re- 

 fused to allbril similar facilities to any other carriers ; and when applied to 

 by Messrs. P}cl;ford on the suljject, liad informed them that they could not 

 afford them the desired accommodation unless they paid something additional 

 for it. while it was afforded to Chaplin and Home gratuitously. The expense 

 of loading and unloading the trucks would be about £■'). a day additional to 

 Messrs. Pickford, besides the loss of time which it would occasion them. It 

 appeared also that the company at the Camden Town station charged 65s. a 

 ton for the carriage of goods to Liverpool or Manchester, but they made 

 Messrs. Chaplin and Home an allowance of IO5. a ton for collecting and dis- 

 tributing the goods in London, vihich allowance they refused to make to 

 Messrs. Pickford. There was a clause in every railway act empowering other 

 persons than the company to start locomotives and trains on the railroad, 

 but this was a complete dead Idler, inasmuch as the company might refuse 

 such persons the use of their pumps or of their coal depots, and !iau also un- 

 limited power in regulating the times of starting, &c., of such engines The 

 fact was. the company was aiminir at a ccmplete monopoly of the carrying 

 trade, which they would certainly acquire unless they were compelled to 

 obey the enactments of the clause in question. — Mr. Justice Patteson granted 

 a rule to show cause. 



PROGRESS or RAILWAYS. 



Munchester and Leeds Railwatj, — Completion of the Summit Tiiuvel. — On the 

 9tli ult. the last brick of this great undertaking was keyed-in by Barnard 

 Dickinson. Esq., the resident engineer, who was presented on the occasion 

 (by J. Stephenson, Esq., the contractor) w'ith a silver trowel, the gift of the 

 inspectors and sub-contractors on the works. Tlie tunnel was lighted by 

 torches, and a large company of ladies and gentlemen weie present to witness 

 the ceremcmy. At twelve o'clock, Mr. .Stephenson, accompanied by his 

 manager, Mr. G. Mould, Mr. Dickinson, and other gentlemen connected with 

 the company, entered the tunnel amidst the acclamations of the party as- 

 sembled, when Mr. Stephenson, in presenting the trowel, congratulated Mr. 

 Dickinson on the successful completion of a work, which, hut for the united 

 skill and enterprise displayed in its execution, would have been insurmount- 

 able. Mr. Dickinson then finished this great work, by keying-in the last 

 brick, amidst the cheers of the spectators ; after which he delivered an ani- 

 mated address, in the course of which he observed that some idea might be 

 formed of the amount of labour employed in the construction of the tunnel, 

 when he informed them, that had it oeen left to the unassisted efforts of one 

 man, it would have taken him as much tmie to complete it as had elapsed 

 between the commencement of the Christian era and the present day, namely, 

 one thousand eight hundred and forty years ! At the conclusion of the cere- 

 mony the company were invited to partake of a cold collation at the Summit 

 Inn, when several excellent speeches, having reference to the completion of 

 the work, were delivered in the course of the evening. The work-men were 

 also reg.aled with abundance of good cheer within the tunnel. — Midland Coun- 

 ties Herald. 



Oldham Branch liaihiiaif. — On Saturday, the 12th ult , a number of the' 

 directors of the Manchester and Leeds Railway, accompanied by their prin- 

 cipal engineers, visited Oldham, and exammed the country between Oldham 

 and the mam line, for the pupose of determining the best course tor the Old- 

 ham Branch Railway. 



Contemplated Railway throuyh Blnekhnrn. — We rejoice in being enabled to 

 state that the first step has at length been taken to secure to Blackburn and 

 the surrounding district the advantages of a railway communication with the 

 North Union and Manchester and Leeds lines. On Thursday last, a highly 

 respectable meeting was convened by circular, at the Hotel, in King-street, to 

 confer with Mr. Stephenson, the eminent engineer, and two other gentlemen 

 of the same (irufession who accompanied him, upon the subject. The meet- 

 ing was well attended, and b:it one feeling appeared to pervade the company, 

 viz., an anxious desire for the accomplishment of the object in view. The 

 engineers exhibited a map of the different railways, with tlie proposed line 

 from the North Union at Preston, through Blackburn, Accringten, and 

 Burnley, to the Manchester and Leeds line at Todmorden, a distance of about 

 twenty-six miles.— William Turner, Esq., M.P., having been called to the 

 chair, a long conversation took place between Mr. Stephenson, the chairman. 

 ■William_ Feildeii, Esq.. M.P., Joseph Feilden. Esq., P. E. Towneley, Esq., 

 James Neville, Esq.. and others, the result of which was the appointment of 

 a committee, to confer with the directors of the North Union and Manches- 

 ter and Leeds Companies, and also with the owners of property on the pro- 

 posed line ; and to ascertain what pecuniary assistance they were disposed to 

 render towards obtaining a survey, from Preston to Bumley, the cost of 

 which was estimated at £700. The ground from Todmorden to Burnley, we 

 believe, has already been surveyed ; and it is unrlerstood that the Manchester 

 and Leeds Company are disposed to extend their line to Burnley, provided 

 another company be formed to continue it through Blackburn to Preston. 

 Should this expectation be realised, and there appears no reason to doubt 

 that it will, it w ill do much to facilitate the proposed undertaking.— fi/ac/ctarn 

 Standard. 



PUBLIC BUILDIXffGS, AND IMPROVEiaSNTS. 



Fresco in the Neir Houses vf Parliament. — Cornelius, the celebrated Ger- 

 man painter, is, it is said, on his way to this country, where he is to he con- 

 sulted as to the frescos of the new Houses of Parliament. Certainly Cornelius 

 has no merits which can give him a superiority over Englishmen in the re- 

 presentation of English scenes. We have no illiberal prejudices against foreign 

 artists, and should be the first to recommend the purchase of their works for 

 our public collections, but we think that wheu any great national commemo- 

 ration is the subject, the employment of foreign artists is a desecration of the 

 monument. It is thus also we view the employment of Maroclietti at Glas- 

 gow. How difterently would Titian, Murillo, Rubens, Rembrandt or Lebruu 

 represent the Enghsli peo)ile in the jierfonnauce of the same action — however 

 great might be the skill of the artist, he would be wanting nationality. How 

 are we ever to become a great nation in art, when we are deprived of the 

 only opportunity of giving scope to the powers of our artists ! 



H'esleijan Chapel, Great Queen Street. — The small portico which has beea 

 attached to the front is completed. 



British Mttseum. — A temporary couimunication has been opened through 

 the Long Gallery, so that the visitor is now able to proceed all round the 

 Museum. In the upper Egyptian room are two fine specimens of Egyptian 

 sculpture in intaglio rile-eato, highly deserving of attention. 



Clifford. — On Monday the 23rd of November, the foundation stone of a new 

 chiirfb about to be erected atClifloid. in the parish of Biamtram. in the West 

 Riding of the county of York, was -laiil by Miss F. E. Fox, daughter of 

 George Lane Fox, Esq.. of Bramham Park The ceremony was attended by 

 many of the clergy and gentry in the neighbourhood. This church will be 

 endowed with £I..)00 by G. L. Fox. Esq.. and the Dean and Chapter ot Christ 

 Church, Oxford, give £200 further endowment when tlie church is opened. 

 It will be built by subscription in the neighbourhood and elsewhere, which 

 has been libera'ly responded to. The design is furnished by Messrs. Atkin- 

 son, architects of York, to whose charge the building is' intrusted. The 

 church is intended to contain 300 persons in free pews, and there are no gal- 

 leries. It is built in the form of a cr. ss, with transepts; and a tower 70 feet 

 high at the west end. and is of the pointed or early English style. The en- 

 tire building is faced with free .stone from the neighbourhood, and the cost 

 when complete will be about £1050. 



KXSCELIiANEA. 



Cornish Steam Engines. — The number of pumping engines reported tliis 

 month is 51. They have eonsiuned 3193 tons of coal, and lifted 30 million 

 tons of water 10 fathi>nis high. The average duty of the whole is. therefore, 

 53 million pounds lifted one foot high bv the consumption of a bushel of coal. 

 Ricbards's stamps at Wheal Vor works with hot condensing water. The 

 boilers are being changed at Trelawney's engine. Wheal Vor. and are leaky 

 at Tineroft; Wheal Prosprr ; Cargise ; Taylor's. AVoolf's, and Bawden s 

 engines, Consols ; and at Hocking's engine. United Mine. — Leayi^s Engine 

 Reporter, Deetmher 11. 



The Lake of Haarlem. — The King of Holland has just authorized the raising 

 of an additional loan of three millions of florins for draining the Lake of 

 Haarlem. 



Proposed Suspension Bridge over the Haslar Luke at Portsmouth.— T\\^ usual 

 calculation for the maximum load on each superficial foot of the platforms of 

 suspension bridges is 70 lb. : but, as in the event of a crowd of persons as- 

 sembling, the pressure may increase to nearly 100 lb. per foot, and by the 

 passage of soldiers marching in regular time the strain may be greatly aug- 

 mented, tile projector assumed 200 lb. per superficial foot as the amount of 

 load to which the platform might be subjected. The peculiar feature of this 

 bridge is the subsiitution of cast iron chains for the wrought iron ones gene- 

 rally used. This deviation from ihe usual practice is adopted as a measure 

 of economy, and witha-. iew of increasing their stability and durabililty, 

 cast iron being much less influenced by atmospheric action than wrought 

 iron. Cast iron beams, wdien well proportioned, will bear a very considerable 

 tensile strain. As these chains would be proved beyond the weight they are 

 intended to bear, no doubt is entertained by the author of their security. 

 The platform, which is formed of transverse iron girders, carrying cast iron 

 plates three quarters of an inch thick, with dovetails falling into holes cast 

 in the girders, is suspended bj' wrought iron rods \\ inch square from two 

 lines of chain only, as the strain is more easily brou.ght to bear on them 

 than on a greater number of chains. They are trussed laterally to prevent 

 oscillation, and the balustrade is so constructed as to prevent the undulation 

 so prejudicial to suspension bridges generally. To insure a perfect bearing; 

 each pair of links of the chains are, in manufacturing, cramped together, and 

 the holes bored out to receive the pins, which are turned to fit them accu- 

 rately ; they are of a larger size than usual, being four inches diameter, and 

 a less number are emploxed. The piers on which the chains pass are of cast 

 iron, 33 feet high above the level of the roadway. 



The extreme length of the bridge is 632 ieet. 



The breadth ol' the roadway 17J — 



The clear waterway betw een the piers 300 — 



The clear headway of the iilatform above the high water 



fine r I8i - 



Ditto ditto above low water line 33 — 



The tension on the chains is calculated as equal to 991-4143 tons. 'I'osuitain 

 this tension, the section of the chains is 256 square inches, and taking seven 

 tons per square inch as the elastic limit of cast iron, the resistance of the 

 chains w ill equal 1,792 tons, leaving a surplus of 800 6 tons after the calcu- 

 lated strain has been deducted from the real strength of the chains.— /nvnj- 

 tors Advocate., 



