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THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL 



[November, 



]en;rth is 261 yards, and it is oxpeclcd by tliis time Iwdvcmonth the retr.rJn- 

 inf; 39 yards will be comiileled, wliicli will carry out the pier to its intended 

 length 300 yards. M'c are glad to state ihr.t ?s the pier is extended seaHard, 

 the depth of water at the entrance is found to increase considerably, the 

 lieavy weight of the sea being iToken on the seaward side maVcs the inner 

 harbour to he in a perfectly quiet state during the heaviest seas, and the 

 most stormy weather. It is now found that as soon as vessels pass the end of 

 the pier they are in jierfeci safety. No frreater proof can be given of this 

 than tlie ease and safety with which the grea; American timber laden ships 

 have jiasise'l in and out during the present season. On .Saturday last his 

 Grace the Duke of Newcastle and family visited the works, and expressed 

 themselves highly pleased with the progress made since their Wsit last 

 autumn. — Carmarthen Journal^ Oct. 1, 



~ South Foreland Light.— The original tower, v.bich was amorig the first 

 erected in England, is now under the process of dom<ilition, being already 

 almost levelled to the foundation. This tower is said to have been built in 

 the reign of Charles II., and must consequeiitly, have experienced the de- 

 vastating influence of time for about a century and a hal;'. The original light 

 was coals burnt upon the Hat roof of the old tower, which w as supplanted in 

 1793. when the moilern one was built for 15 oil lamps. There is also a lower 

 light-house, to enable ihe mariner, in time of dan^r, to keep the two ligh'.s 

 m a line, and thereby avoid the Goodw in Sands. The object of the Trinity- 

 house, who purchased the jiroperty of Greenwich Hospital, in taking down 

 this venerable tower, is to adopt a similar light to the one on the opposite 

 coast, at Cape Grinez, which is found to answer better and more powerfully 

 than those already in use. These ameliorations for the safety of lives and 

 security of property are highly commendable in this body. The height of 

 Ixith clifiand tower will, it'is supposed, be about 400 feet above the level of 

 the sea. — Canterbury Journal. 



Venlee.—-A. bridge is about to be constructed at Venice, intended to unite 

 that celebrated city with the Continent, and to connect it »i!h the railway 

 to Milan. The management of this gigantic undertaking has been delivered 

 into ihe hands of the engineer Antoine Busetto Pitich. The expense is esti- 

 mated at 4,830,000 hvres Austrian. The bridge will also contain an aqueduct, 

 inteniied to supply Venice with fresh water, which has hitherto been supplied 

 in boats from the'Conlinent, the city being unprovided with wells and foun- 

 tains, and having but very few cisterns. 



The .lllilone Bridge. — This work is progressing wondrously, and the ope- 

 ration by which the workmen are enabled, with perfect impunity, to proceed 

 wi'h the excavations now several yards below the bed of the river, is a sub- 

 ject well worth the attention of the lover of the arts and sciences. By the 

 simple efficacy of a steam-engine of twelve horse power, two large pumps, 

 sunk within the area of the excavation, are set in motion; to these is ap- 

 pended by an air joint a tail nhit^ can be extended to any necessary depth, 

 the pumps still remaining in their original position. By this process the 

 accumulating water of springs and leakages, inseparable iiom a work of this 

 nature, is drawn up and transported to a vast distance, over the heads of the 

 operatives, through wonien troughs or conduits, into the Shannon ; and thus 

 an agency superior to ihe principle that causes its irruption, almost constantly 

 acting upon that element, the men are free from the embarrassment conse- 

 quent on Its aproaches, and the works are made to progress without any 

 material impediment. — .ithlone Mirror. 



Artesian Wei! at Southampton. — llie works of the Artesian well on the com- 

 mon are now proceeding very favourably ; the contractors have got to the 

 depth of 430 feet. Should no untoward accident happen, it is expected the 

 works will be completed by the beginning of next summer. — Hampshire Tele- 

 graph. 



The Hirer Thames. — The accurate survey of the river Thames, from Staines 

 to Yantlet-creek, which was undertaken some time ago under Ihe authority 

 of the corporation of London, has been just completed, The following official 

 men were engaged in the survey : — Mr. James Walker, the engineer ; Cap- 

 tain Bullock, R.N.; Mr. Charles Pearson, the city solicitor; Captain Fisher, 

 R. N., principal harbour-masler of the port of London ; Mr. Nathaniel 

 Saunders, the watc bailiff; Mr. Stephen Leach, the clerk of the works to 

 the Thames Navigation Committee ; aud the harbour-masters of the port of 

 London in their respective staiions. It is believed that the report which will 

 shortly bo made upon the important subject of the improvement of the 

 Thames by Mr. Walker and Captain Bullock, will lead to the adoption of a 

 plan of improvement of inunense magnitude, and calculated to render service 

 in a great variety of ways. 



NE-W CHURCHES, «rc 



TRINITY CHURCH, NOTTINGHAM. 



On Wednesday. Oct. 13, the interesting ceremony of consecration was per- 

 formed by the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Lincoln, at the New Church 

 recently erected on Purton Leys, litis building, which has been erected at 

 an expense of £10.000, is a perfect specimen of architectural excellence; the 

 simple and chaste appear to have been studied in its planning; and the grace 

 and beauty of its tall .and tapering spire have seldom been surpassed. It 

 may not ind ed emulate in grandeur and magnificence the vast piles of ma- 

 sonry reared by the pit us zeal of our ancestors — 



" Where, through Ihe long-drawn aisle ami fretted vault, 

 The pealing anthem swells the note of praise." 

 but for elegance of design and beauty of execution it may challenge com- 

 parison wiih the most admired of modern stiuctures. 



The nave is internally 80 feet long, by 54 feet w ide. 30 feet high at the side 

 walls, and '35 feet C inches high in the centre. It is approached at each 



.-ingle through roomy lobbies, or porches ; those at the West end contain the 

 stair-cases to the galleries. The seats in the church are placed transversely, 

 and are separated into three divisions, or ranges. The greatest p,-iri of those 

 in the centre division are uninclosed and free. Those on each side aic in 

 pews, a few of which remain without division for the accommodation of large 

 families ; the majority alternately divided, 90 as to form pews of various 

 din-ensions. to accommodate respectively four, five, or .six persona. The 

 access to ihe pews, &:c.. is from four aisles, extending the whole length of 

 the nave, from East to West, and connected with each other at the Kast and 

 West ends by broad aisles, at right angles. 



The galleries are spacious, and extend the whole length of the North and 

 Si.uth sides, approached from the South-west and North-west entrances. 

 There are four longitudinal ranges of pews, and a raised commodious seat 

 against the walls in each gallery. The west gallery has a range of front 

 pews only ; the remainder is entirely appropriated to children's sittings, and 

 space for an organ. This gallery has a separate communication from the 

 outside, throBgn the tower ; and the inconvenience so often experienced in 

 the departure of the congregation, is entirely obviated by the position, size, 

 and number of the entrances. 



The nave is lighted by five triple lancet windows on each side. At ihe 

 west end is the tower, 14 feet square, which is opened to the naye by a loify 

 Gothic arch. The lower part is occupied by open seats, and the font, and 

 the upper part is divided i:,to ringing room, clock room, &c. Tlie chancel is 

 at the east end 25 feet wide, and 19 feet deep, and equal in height to the 

 nave, lighted by a large rose, or wheel window in the centre, and a single 

 lancet window on each side. An arch, similar to that of the tower, marks 

 the division between the nave and the chancel. On the right and left are 

 pews for the minister's fami'y, and the communion is iiicloseJ by a low 

 Gothic iron railing. Tlie floors of chance! and tower are elevated one step 

 above the nave, and the communion another step in addition. 



On the north side of the chancel is a vestry, communicating vith the lob- 

 by and chancel ; and a corresponding room on the south is appropriated for 

 the warming apparatus. 



The pulpit, reading desk, and clerk's pew are centrally situated, near the 

 archway, at the east' end of the nave.— 'Tlie preacher is not only seen by, but 

 faces the whole congregation, except those occupying the two pews in the 

 chancel. 



The pews have sloping backs, broad seats, and are 2 feet 11 inches wide, 

 and the whole internal arrangement comprehends those essential requisites 

 — space, comfort, and convenience ; the absence of which, in modem 

 churches, is too frequent. 



The total accommodation in the church is 1,215 sittings, 415 of which are 

 free. 



The roof is supported by nine strongly framed trusses, alternately resting 

 upon stone corbels. The inconvenience and unsightliness of horizontal tie 

 beams fespecially in so wide a span), is avoided, by placing the tie beams 

 above the wall plate level, and connecting strong principal rafters at the feet 

 of beams inclin ng upwards to, and abutting upon the tie beam in the centi'e. 

 This peculiar construction allows the ceiling to assume the same inclination, 

 which fonn is so conducive to the conveyance of sound, and effectual venti- 

 lation ; for which latter purpose three large circular ventilators are provided 

 at the intersection of the principal timbers. The whole of the wood-work of 

 the roof below the ceiling line, is moulded and painted in imitation of oak ; 

 and the longitudinal ceiling beams divide the whole into compartments. 



The details of the interior are designed with strict regard to durability and 

 economy ; due care having been taken that the eye be not offended by incon- 

 gruities of style, Ornament is sparingly introduced, and in those parts only 

 where it conduces to the general harmony and eflect. 



The exterior is cased with stone, and the style of architecture adopted is 

 that called early English, used in this country during the 13th century. The 

 sides are divided into five compartments, by substantial weathered buttresses, 

 canted at the angles, and terminated at the level of parapet by sharply 

 pointed hoods. Each compartment is filled with a trinle lancet window. 

 The centre light, higher than the side ones, is 20 feet high. The jambs and 

 mullions are facet! by the characteristic column, with its base and capital. 

 The door-ways are deeply recessed with a trefoil over the head, covered by 

 a pyramidal drip moulding. The staircases at the north and soulh-west 

 angles an- necessarily higher than the corresponding entrances at the oppo- 

 site end of the church, but do not attain the same elevation as the flanks, in 

 order to show as much of the base of the tower as possible ; they are lighted 

 by single lancet w indows. facing the west. The parapet of the nave and 

 chancel is supported by a corbel table, and the base is in two divisions, each 

 terminated by a deep weathered horizontal moulding. The chancel is lofty, 

 the roof being a continuation of that of the nave. At the east end is a tiebly 

 composed window ; in the centre of the head is the large wheel before men- 

 tioned, which alone is glazed (with coloured glass), all the lower part being 

 blank, to prevent the admission of too strong a glare of light behind the 

 preacher ; the jambs, mullions, tracery, &c., neing sufliciently recessed to 

 relieve the plainness of the end. Tlie double rectangular weathered but- 

 tresses of the chancel are terminated by octangular pinnacles, and the blank 

 spaces in the gable and sides are relieved by quatre-foils. The tower at the 

 west end has substantial double buttresses at each angle, and a triple lancet 

 window of the same dimensions as those in the flanks, which is seen through 

 the archway from the church. A pointed arched corbel table supports the 

 string course. Another compartment is formed by a string course at the 

 level of the ridge of the roof.— From this point upwards is llie clock room, 

 with a circular space for'dial on every face, and n arked also by a weathered 

 string course ; at this point the tower is sloped off by weathered angles to 

 an octagon, and four pinnacles surmount the buttresses. The belfry is lofty, 

 and each face is pierced by a lancet window, in unison with those before 

 described. Each angle of the tower is terminated by a pinnacle, and the 

 parapet is pierced. Above this rises the spire, ribbed at the angles, with 

 three tiers of openings and hoods. Ihe whole height from tlie ground to the 

 apex of the spire is 172 feet. Tlie architect is Mr. H. 1. Slevenr, of Derby.— 

 Nottingham Juornul, 



