ISJO.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



145 



YORK COUNTY HOSPITAL. 



Messrs. J. B. and W. Atkinson, of York, Arcliitects. 

 {With Two Engravings, Plates V. and VI.) 

 We give herewith designs of the York County Hospital, now in 

 progress, by Messrs. J. B. and W. Atkinson, of York, wlio are tlie 

 architects of several public buildings in tlie county. 



York is now the seat of a medical school which, under the 

 modern regulations, can give a complete medical education; and 

 the County Hospital is recognised by the medical universities as 

 an institution for practice, having accommodation for the required 

 number of one hundred patients. Tlie building is faced with the 

 best pressed red bricks, and has a stone basement, stone dressings 

 to the windows, and stone (|uoins. The total cost will be about 

 9000/.; and it is expected the hospital will be ready for occupation 

 in the autumn of this year. The works have been pressed on. as 

 the building is much wanted, and there was great delay in deciding 

 upon the site. 



The hospital is to be heated and ventilated throughout on Dr. 

 Arnott's plan, and we presume lighted with gas. The ventilation 

 of such buildings is of the greatest imjiortance for the recovery of 

 patients after operations, for when once hospital gangrene sets in 

 it attacks many patients, and is got rid of with difficulty. In a 

 well ventilated hospital fever cases can be treated in the ordinary 

 wards without danger. AVe are glad therefore to see the attention 

 given by Messrs. Atkinson to the sanitary arrangements. The 

 bath accommodation is shown on the plans, and we presume that 

 hot and cold water are supplied to each ward. 



The washing establishment, it will be seen, occupies some space, 

 including a washhouse, laundry, and drying closet. The import- 

 ance of this is not seen at first; but the truth is, the expenditure for 

 washing forms a considerable item of the whole yearly expenditure, 

 as there is such extensive use of linen for bedding, patients' wear, 

 and for dressings, besides the private washing of the officers and 

 servants. 



The usual appurtenances of a medical school are provided, and 

 include a library, laboratory, museum, deadhouse, and post mortem 

 room. 



We presume that the establishment is so arranged that it can he 

 yearly whitewashed, an operation which is found most beneficial 

 in such institutions; and though entailing an expense, adding 

 much to the sanitary security. This is now done by yearly con- 

 tract in most of the best conducted hospitals. 



By the introduction of lifts, great trouble is saved to the nurses, 

 much of whose time is otherwise taken up in the supply of provi- 

 sions from the kitchens for the patients' meals, while there is less 

 temptations to idleness. 



Altogether, the arrangements are such as are suitable for such 

 an institution, and reflect great credit upon the architects. 



The following particulars describe the accommodation on each 

 floor. 



Basement Plan. — 11 feet clear, and arched over. 



1 Washhouse 47 



2 Laundry . , . , , ^ , . 23 



3 Dryini; closet ....... 23 



4 Maids' hall . 23 



5 Larders and stores 



6 Kitchen .....,., 30 



7 Sculleries . . . . . . . . 30 



12 

 21 



21 



8 Heating and ventilating apparatus, &e. 



9 Air chamber 



10 Lifts 



11 Sti>ne staircases 



12 Laliiiratory 



13 Museum 



14 Porter's bedrooni 



15 Wine cellar 



16 Dead house 



17 Post mortem 



22 



23 

 31 



19 



H 

 16 



11 

 23 



Ground Plan.— U ft. 6in. clear height. 

 Entrance hall 

 Yestihule ...... 40 



t^ispensary ' 19 



Waiting patients . • . . . ! 22 



Physieans' room ' i 22 



22 

 16 



Surgeons' room 

 Dressing surgery 



8 Pupils' room . . , , , ' * 16 



9 House surgeon . . . , . . ' 20 

 10 Ditto bedroom . . . ' . ' '. 16 



13J 

 16 

 9i 

 16 

 16 

 11 

 lOi 

 16 

 12 



Ground Plan CContiiiueilJ. 



11 Matron's parlour 



12 Male staircase 



13 Female do. ..... 



It Male accident ward ..... 



15 Female do 



16 Private separation ward .... 



17 Nurses 



18 Sculleries, cS:c. 



19 Boardroom and library ..... 



20 Secretary 



Chamdilu Plan. — 15 fett clear heiiiht. 



1 Chapel .... 



2 Wards 



3 Day-rooms ••..... 



4 Private wards . 



5 Sculleries 



6 Baths 



7 Nurses 



8 Stores 



9 Lifts 



10 Stone staircases 



Attic Plan. — 15 feet clear height. 

 [We have not space in our Engraving to show the Attic plan, 

 is 15 feet high, and contains the following accommodation.] 



It 



21 

 21 



22 



Operation room 



Wards after operations 



Foul wards 



Wards 



Private wards 



Nurses 



Siulleries and baths 



Matron's bedroom 



Lifts 



Stone staircases 



N.B. — There are servants' rooms partly in the roof. 



19 



H 



16 



.No. 152.— Vol. XIIL— May, 1850, 



LECTURES ON THE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE: 



By Samuel Clegg, Jun., m.i.c.e., f,g.s. 



Delivered at the College for General Practical Science, Putney, Surrey. 



(president, his grace the duke of buccleuch, k.g.) 



Lecture V. — Etruria. — Foundation of Rome. 

 Though the architecture of the Greeks has never been excelled, 

 nor perhaps even equalled, by any other people, it was limited to 

 one style, and only existed in its highest perfection for a few cen- 

 turies. In Italy, on the contrary, we may trace the history of art 

 by its monuments, through every successive style and period, from 

 the rude unhewn altar to the completion of St. Peter's at Rome. 

 It is, however, to the ancient architecture of Italy I would at 

 present direct your attention. 



When the Umbrians, Pelasgians, and afterwards the Etruscans, 

 settled in Italy, they found the country inhabited by a wild race, 

 called the Siculi or Sikeli. These never amalgamated with their 

 more civilised conquerors, hut gradually retreated before them, 

 until at last they passed over to the neighbouring island, to which 

 they gave the name of Sicily. Here and there, rude Cyclopean 

 walls may be seen, generally forming the foundation of other and 

 more advanced styles of masonry, which are conjectured to have 

 been the work of the Sikeli. On the Alban mount, and in its 

 immediate neighbourhood, singular urns of pottery have been 

 found, buried under a stratum of peperino, eighteen inches in 

 depth. These urns are moulded into the form of rude huts, as if 

 made of skins stretched on poles, no doubt imitations of the huts 

 inhabited by some early race. They are cinerary urns, and con- 

 tained ashes when discovered. Small rude pots and lamps were 

 found with them. AVhen we think that these urns were lying 

 imbedded under a stratum formed by some now extinct volcano, it 

 carries the mind back to a remote antiquity indeed. 



Next in order follow the Pelasgic remains already noticed. The 

 Pelasgians and Umbrians appear to have been contemporary, nor 

 can their remains be distinguished. Then succeed a more inte- 

 resting jpeople, the Etruscans, who have left so many beautiful 

 works of art to bear witness to their domiaiou. 



21 



