1S42.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



27 



or linos, l.y needles wliirli arc (iriveii tlirough lioles previously pierced in the 

 ropes, at an angle of 4 j degrees, and the cards are then drawn tiglitly in a 

 lateral direction. 



That the ropes may be pierced more easily, it is necessary that the tar 

 whicli they retain from the process of warm registering, should he softened ; 

 this is accomplished by passing them through a steam chest, whence they are 

 drawn into a frame composed of four plates, wliicli arc p!ar-ed so as to com- 

 pre-s the ropes while thi-y are in the softened state, ami form a die which 

 can be regnlated to the size of the ropes required to he scwu. The piercing 

 operation is performed in the die, which has slots in its sides for passing the 

 piercers through. 



There are not any recorded experiments on the >lrcngth of the ropes, but 

 it is considered, that the amount of strength possessed by the tiat rope is not 

 equal to the sum of that of the four ropes before they were united ; still the 

 advantages of this mode of asscnd)lage are su great, as to insure its preference 

 in mining operations, and many other applications. 



The drawings which arc numbered onward from the commencement of 

 the set presented to the Institution, in the session of 183S*), display the en- 

 tire machine, with details of all the parts. 



End of the Proceedi.vcs, Sessions 1841. 



ROY .\L. INSTITUTE OF BRITISH .\RC11ITECTS. 

 Dec. 6. — P. Habowick, Esq. R..\., in the Chair. 



Mr. Ilardwick opened the session by congratulating the members on the 

 increasing interest shown in the proceedings of the Instilnte, and especially 

 on the honour conferred on the Institute by His Uoyal Highness the Prince 

 .Mbert, having graciously consented to become its patron, and on the arrange- 

 ments which bad been effected between the Committees of the Institute and 

 of the Arcbitectur.ll Society, for a union of those bodies. — The Foreign Se- 

 cretory. Mr. Donaldson, read letters from Sig. Clemcnti Folchi, of Rome, and 

 Sig. K.iffaeic Politi, of Ciirgenti, acknowledging the honour conferred upon 

 them by tl.oir being elected llonorar; and Corresponding .\Ieml)ers. 



A paper w.is then read of the (Ireat Pavilion erected at Liverpool, for the 

 Royal .Vgricnliural Society of Lnglaml, by J. W. Wild. This paper will be 

 found in another part of tlie Journal. 



Dec. 20.— Jos. Kay, Esq., \.\'., in the Chair. 



Mr. Donaldson read a description of the Column erected on the Place de 

 la liastile, at Paris, to commemorate the last of the French revolutions, viz,, 

 that of 1H30. 



The evening concluded by a concise and interesting description of the 

 Escurial, compiled by Mr. Ilayward, the Librarian of the Institute, and illus- 

 tra(c<l by a large plan. — The Institute adjourned for the holidays, until the 

 17th of January. 



ARCHITECTURE IN MANCHESTER. 



\VuiL5T ill London we hear too many complaints of the profession 

 being overstocked, in Manchester, wliere, (luring lite years the num- 

 ber of architects has doubled, all seem to be full of employment. No 

 duubt this excitement is but temporary, being caused by the exertions 

 of a party, who, despite the very general depression in the manufac- 

 turing districts, have .succeeded in raising funds tuw.irds the erection 

 of ten cluirclu's, some of which are actu.illy in progress. In addition 

 to these are other chnrches and chapels, and some public buildings, 

 but few private mansions. 



The first church we shall notice is from tlie design of Mr. E. Wal- 

 ters, an architect of consider.ible talent, who to much scientific and 

 practical knowledge, unites the feeling and nice perception of the 

 .irtist. It is in Gr.inby Row, .ind st.inds on ground descending at a 

 considerable angle from the street to the river, the retaining wall of 

 which is about four feet from the east end of the church. The archi- 

 tect li.is surmounted these obstacles; and though the f<Ju:.d.itions 

 swallowed up the sum of £ |kO, he is confident of being able to com- 

 plete the church for £.HW. It is to contain >(W people, GUO 

 adults, and 200 children. The west elevation, whicli is all that is 

 seen from the street, is of the early English style, and has been care- 

 fully studied. .Mr. W.dters is the architect of a larger church at 

 Hroughlon Uridg.'. which is contracted for at A'29.'iO. Tlie fuimda- 

 tions ji.id to be l.ik'-n down to the depth of 12 feet. The church is 

 b'iilt of brick .ind >lon<', and is in the Norni.in style, with two windows 

 in each bay, whosi- heads are supporteil by sh.ifts. The entrance door 

 has Norm.ui mouldings and shafts, and tliongli svitli little orn.imenl, is 



• Junmal, Vol. I. page iJi. 



very good. The architect has shown some skill in overcoming the 

 difliculties of his roof, which is in one span, and witliout a tie-beam, 

 st.ibilily being inniiriU by inserting concealed rods, which, passing 

 along the timbers, retain the feet of the princip.ils. The cliurch will 

 contain lino people. Messrs. CutHey and Starker are jli.' architects 

 of a churcli near Tin .Mill lirow, which will cost £.i'i'M), and will con- 

 tain 1 150 people. The level of the ground being considerably beneath 

 the road, brick piers were carried up to support the beams, on which 

 is laid the floor of tile church. The pews under the galleries ascemi 

 in steps from the passage, and each person will look towards the op- 

 posite side of the clnirch, ;is in the galleries above. The style em- 

 ployed is Norman, and the tower will be surmounted by a low Norman 

 spire. Messrs. Cuffley and .Staikey are also the arrhitccts of a church 

 in Regent Road, which is also Norman. It displays some noveltv in 

 its windows, but appears faulty in its details. .Miss .\therti)n has "pro- 

 vided the funds for a large church in the new .^tretford Road, the 

 coinpetilion for which w.is g lined by Mes'irs. Scott and MotFatt, of 

 London. Mr. Moseley, of London, lias lately been successful iu a 

 competition for a church at Red Bank. Mr. I'ligiu is at present 

 building a large Catholic church, in the township of Huhne, which we 

 cannot too highly praise. It consists of clerestory- and side aisles, 

 with roofs of very high pitch, and we have heard that a tower is to 

 be raised at the angle. Its exterior in the flanks is very plain, being 

 of red brick and stone, with early English lancet windows placed singly, 

 the opening of each being little in comparison with the extent of neigh- 

 bouring wall, and with a north porch and a south door, having shaft* 



itegrity. 



We have heard some of those self-created critics who "rush in" with 

 their opinions, though confessedly entirely ignorant of architecture, 

 assert tliat the church w.is b.id in design, that it was " like a barn." 

 Oh 1 that instead of the paste-board Gothic of the cluirch commissioners, 

 we had some of those picturesriue old barns. The Ijaptist chapel in 

 the Oxford Roail, just opened, is from the design of .Mr. Walters. 

 The sides will be enclosed by buildings, therefore enrichment is con- 

 fined to the front, which is of stone, and in the early English rich stvle, 

 with a centre door, over which is a two light window, the whole sur- 

 mounted by the highly pitched g able and s(iuare pinnacles. The re- 

 cess in the east, in which is the baptistery, is decorated with three 

 early English arches. The whole was executed for .£2.'}0il. These 

 are not the only chapels in progress or just completed, but the others 

 we were unable to visit. The .M.incliester and Birmingham Railway 

 Station is a stupendous work, and h.is been performed w itii so great 

 care, and with such good materials, that it m.iy well last for centuries. 

 It does not yet exhibit many of its decorative features. We noticed 

 a building at the bottom of Market-street, which possessing some good 

 points, is a glaring specimen of a bid modern mode of building. It 

 iVuiils three ways, and the lower story is of shops, the ponderous 

 superstructure appearing ready to crush (he glass beneath. Leaving 

 out of the question the bad efiectof such a mode, it is positively inse- 

 cure. The shrinking of timber bressummers is one part the cause of 

 the cracks, whioli disfigure our buildings — and in case of fire, the w hole 

 front becomes one general ruin, lii this case little is got bv using 

 iron, for the beams having become heated, snap when placed upon 

 with water. The Iinlependent College stands about three miles south 

 west of the town. It furiiis three sides of a square, and is understood 

 to have cost i." 14,000. The front has two stories supported upon an 

 arcade, and a bold entrance door leading to a flight of steps by which 

 the hall and principal fioor are gained. Over the door is a fine Oriel, 

 and above rises the tower surmounted by an octagonal lantern. The 

 slyle is til, it of the latest period of Gothic .ircliitectore, and Is well 

 kept up ihiuugh the whole of its details. — .Mr. Irwin is also the archi- 

 tect of a building in Pool Fold, which li.is the superimposed orders of 

 the late Eliz.ibelli.m, or e.irly It.ilian school. In the neighbourhood of 

 Cheadle, .Mr. .-Atkinson, now of Londun, is erecting some Italian lodges 

 (if rhisie design. Thi< .irchiteel, whom we mijilit fe.irlosly |daoe at 

 the head of modern professors of the Gothic sivie, has enriched the 

 neiglibourhuod of .Manchester with its best buiulings. His church at 

 Cheethain Hill h.is been already noticed in this Juuru.il : — we merely 

 stop to praise the great beauty of its details, whicli will prove a mine 

 of stu<lv to .ill who carefully ex inline them. The church .it Openshaw 

 is mudi pi. liner than, though sc.ircely inferior in ertect to, that ut 

 Clieetham Hill. It is in the e.irly English style, with arcades and 

 windows in the clerestory, similar to those in bcverley Minster. At 

 the west a lantern rise', from the ruuf, surniuutited by a le.ided spire. 



Whilst we were in .M.iiicliestcr, a paper by Mr. tioliUworthy Gurney, 

 W.IS read at the Victoria (iallery, and excited much discussion, the 

 subject on which i*. trcited — that of Heating by Hot Water Pipes — . 



E J 



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