122 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



[April, 



Table of Spises, Emglish and Foreign-. 



To^i Pr. 



- . Total 



Remarks. 



Old St. Paul's 



S.ilisbury 



Norwich 



Liclifiekl 



Dc. iwo western 



Chichester . 



Oxford Cathedral 



Oxford, St. Mary's 



Loutll 

 Grantham (about) 



Newark 



BItxham 



St. Michael's, Coventry 



St. Mary's, Stamford . 



Welford, Gloucester . 



St. Chad's, Birmingham 



Cologne (as designed) 



Slrasbuig 



St. Stephens, Vienna . 



Ulm ('as designed) 



Freybvirg 



Marburg 



Niirnberg, St. Laurence 



Niirnberg, St. Sebaldus 



Thann in Alsace . 



Antwerp 



Chartres 

 Bayeux 



Caen, St. Stephen's 

 Caen, St. Peter's ■ 



Batalha 



Burgos Cathedral 



Cilasgow 



Treves on the Moselle . 



St. Marie Hilf, Miinich 



260 

 ■207 

 140 

 114 



89 



94 

 80 



148 

 140 



101 

 136 



88 

 330 

 3G4 

 285 

 320 

 221 

 184 

 180 

 170 



142 



155 

 134 



113 



115 

 111 

 220 



274 

 197 

 163 

 138 

 103 



52 



94 



140 



94 



164 



62 



200 



110 



180 



171 



159 



88 



90 



90 



104 



107 

 110 



105 



128 



60 



534 



404 

 303 

 252 

 192 

 270 

 146 

 180 



2S8 

 250 



195 



300 



150 

 530 

 474 

 465 

 491 

 380 

 272 

 270 

 260 



366 



246 



262 

 244 



170 



220 

 239 

 280 



Six diameters high. , ^ ,. 



Date about 1350. Three enriched bands. Nearly five diameters. 



Plain, rather more than five diameters high. 



Lucarned, 5 tiers of windov^s. Nearly 5 diameters high. 



Lucarned, 4 tiers; 44 diameters high. ,.,,,, ■. , • 



Pinnacled and lucarned below ; banded with one broad rich band; else quite plain. 



Date about 1220. , . , , , . j 



Spire itself quite plain, lucarned with a canopied window below, on four sides. 



Embased by verv rich canopied niches and pinnacles. 

 Embased with lofty pinnacles and flying buttresses. Crocketted. b diameters. 

 Lucarned, crocketted, large crocketted pinnacles at base. Base of spire less than 



tower. , ■ ■ 



Short spire, spreading out at its base. Lucarned, with 4 tiers of windows. 



A very beautiful example. Spire 5 diameters high. Date about 1350. 



This tower and spire a verv fine example. 



Date about 1260. Base without parapet or pinnacles. Lucarned, 4 tiers. Spire 



22 diameters. ■, ^ -^ , -xu i r. 



An example of a spire on a low circular tower. Lucarned at its base with lofty 

 gabled windows. Spire 3 diameters. , ^ ,, ,„,„, 



Tvvo west towers, onlv N.W. spire vet erected. (Comp. to Almanac, 1842.) 



Two west spires enriched with tracery, and crowned by large finials. 



Two west towers, only N.W. spire. , 



On south side of church. Example of a tabernacle tower and spire. 



Tabernacle example. Tower and spire in centre of west front. 



Rich open-work spire. Tower and spire in centre of west front. 



Two west towers and spires. Base of spire gabled. Spire 4i diameters. 

 Do. do. do. 



Do. do. do. 



A tabernacle example, with rich tracerywork on spire. Spire about one-fourth 

 of entire height. 



Two west towers, only N.W. spire. . , , „ ,, ,, 



Two west spires, the N.W. one loftier and more enriched than the other. 



Two west spires. The N.W. spire has 6 broad bands ; the other plain. Diame- 

 ter at base 27 feet. 



Lucarned at base and banded. , c ■^ i 



Base of spire 24 feet. Spire has 9 bands, with small hesafoil, quatre-toil, and 

 trefoil apertures between them. Crocketted. 



Very rich open-work spire. Diameter at base 19 feet. 



Two short or stump but very rich open-work spires, at west end. Date of spires 



1442. 



Lucarned, banded, lower band richly moulded and quatre-foiled, and surmounted 



bv fleurons. Diameter at base 27 feet. 

 A new church, finished 1S31. Lassaulx, architect. Spire, a hroach, splayed off at 



base. Diameter, above splay, 16 feet; height about 8 diameters. 

 Church erected by OhlmuUer; completed 1839. Spire an open-work helm or 



broach. 



ON W.\KM1NG AND VENTILATING THE REFORM CLUB. 



Iinr,rl on Ike Apparatus erected in the Reform Club House, for Warming and 

 r,iitilali:ii! its several Apartments. £i/ Aniikew Lhe, M.JJ., i.K.S., i"ro- 

 fi-ssor if Cliemistry. 



There are two general plans in use for at once diffusing heat, and 

 renewing the air in extensive buildings, which plans differ essentially in their 

 prmciples, modes of action, and effects. The oldest, and what may be called 

 the n,lj:ar method, consists in planting stoves in the passages or rooms, to 

 yive warmth in cold weather, and in constructing large and lofty chimney- 

 sta;ks to draw air in hot weather out of the house, by suction, so to speak, 

 whereby fresh air Hows in to maintain, though imperfectly, an eijudibrium 

 of pressure. In apartments thus warmed and ventilated, the atmosphere is 

 necessarily rarer than it is out of doors, while, in cold weather, the e.Memal 

 air rushes in at every opening and crevice, of door, window, or chimney— the 

 fruitful source of indisposition to the inmates. 



The evils resulting from the stove-heating and air-raiefying system, were, a 



few years ago, investigated by me, in a paper read before the Royal Society,* 

 and afterwards published in several scientific and technological journals. It 

 is there said, that the observations of Saussure, and other scientific travellers 

 in mountainous regions, demonstrate how difficult and painful it is to make 

 muscular or mental exertions in rarefied air. Even the slight rarefaction of 

 the atmosphere, corresponding to a low state of the barometer at the level of 

 the sea, is sufficient to occasion languor, lassitude, and uneasiness, in persons 

 of delicate nerves; while the opposite condition of increased pressure, as 

 indicated by a high state of the barometer, has a bracing effect upon both 

 body and mind. Thus, we see how ventilation, by the powerful draught of a 

 high chimney-stalk, as it operates by pumping out, exhausting, and atten- 

 uating the air, may prove detrimental to vivacity and health ; and how 

 ventilation, by forcing air in with a fan or a pump, is greatly to be preferred, 

 not only for the reason above assigned, but because it prevents all regur- 

 gitation of foul air down the cliimneys, an accident sure to happen in the 



" I had been proiessionallv employed by a Committee of the Officers of the 

 Custom House, to examine the nature of the malaria which prevailed there, 

 but 1 liad no concern in erecting the stoves which caused it. 



